Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2019; Boston, Massachusetts
Session S21: Nanostructures and Metamaterials -- Functional SystemsFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DMP Chair: Pankaj Jha, Caltech Room: BCEC 157B |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
S21.00001: Plasmonic Aerosols: a novel phase of plasmonic matter Jake Fontana, Jeffrey Geldmeier, Paul Johns, Nicholas J. Greybush, Jawad Naciri The field of plasmonics has given rise to many innovative optical materials over the years, however these plasmonic materials are limited to only a few phases of matter, either as 2D solids or dilute liquids. Here, we introduce a novel phase of plasmonic matter by aerosolizing gold nanorods into the gas phase from liquid suspensions and simultaneously measure their optical spectra. We show by controlling the aspect ratio of the nanorods that the aerosol absorption peaks are tunable from visible to mid-wave infrared wavelengths. We find for large aspect ratio nanorods extraordinary sensitivity to changes in the refractive index of the host gas (~4,000 nm per refractive index unit). Utilizing this sensitivity dependence, we demonstrate the feasibility to use these plasmonic aerosols as environmental sensors. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
S21.00002: Controlling light using dynamic plasmonic pixels Nicholas J. Greybush, Kristin M. Charipar, Nicholas Charipar, Paul Johns, Jeffrey Geldmeier, Jawad Naciri, Jake Fontana With the end of Moore’s law, information needs to move from electron- to photon-based systems, if computational processing power is going to continue to increase. To enable this paradigm shift, optical elements are needed to dynamically control the propagation of light. Here we demonstrate the spatial, spectral and temporal control of light using electric field aligned plasmonic nanorods. We show these suspensions are color tunable from visible to infrared wavelengths, with microsecond switching times, and can be spatially tuned using lithographically defined electrodes. These suspensions may lead to novel dynamic plasmonic pixel devices for optical display, filter and spatial light modulators applications. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
S21.00003: Finite-thickness effects in plasmonic films with periodic cylindrical anisotropy Igor Bondarev Using the earlier developed Lagrange formalism[1], the plasma frequency and the dielectric response function are derived for finite-thickness plasmonic films formed by periodic parallel arrays of metallic cylinders embedded in a host dielectric matrix[2]. The plasma frequency of the system is shown to have the unidirectional square-root-of-momentum and quasilinear momentum spatial dispersion for the thick and ultrathin films, respectively. This spatial dispersion and the unidirectional dielectric response nonlocality associated with it can be adjusted by the film material composition, the film thickness, the cylinder length, the cylinder-radius-to-film-thickness ratio, and by an appropriate choice of substrates and superstrates of the film. The theory developed is discussed in application to the finite-thickness periodically aligned carbon nanotube film system as a potential candidate for the new generation of flexible multifunctional metasurfaces[3], for which the importance of the nondispersive interband plasmon modes of individual nanotubes is stressed in the ultrathin film regime. -- [1]I.V.Bondarev & V.M.Shalaev, Opt. Mater. Expr. 7, 3731 (2017); [2]I.V.Bondarev, arXiv1810.07303; [3]A.L.Falk, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 257401 (2017). |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
S21.00004: Realization of A Novel Fibonacci Metasurface and K-space Imaging of Interference Pattern of Surface Plasmon Polariton Chun Yuan Wang, Shangjr Gwo, Chih-Kang Shih Metasurface is an artificial surface structure which are composed of, in general, period structure of metal or dielectric material to enable a spatially varying electromagnetic response, molding optical wavefronts or modulating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) [1, 2]. A Fibonacci sequence is defined mathematically as {Sn} where Sn+1 = Sn, Sn-1. If one creates a real space structure following the Fibonacci sequence, then the structure would not be periodic yet containing a long range order, in a manner similar to a quasicrystal whose structure is ordered but not periodic [3]. In this work, we fabricated Fibonacci sequence nanogrooves on epitaxial silver film via focus ion beam. Based on the angle-resolved reflectance mapping, we show multiple scattering of in-plane lattice-SPPs resulting from the hierarchial Fourier components of the Fibonacci sequence. It opens a way to understand coherent scattering in an ordered yet non-periodic structure. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
S21.00005: A generative model for the inverse design of metamaterials Zhaocheng Liu, wenshan cai The advent of metamaterials in recent years has ushered in a revolutionary means to manipulate the behavior of light on the nanoscale, and thereby enabling diverse applications in optical imaging, beam steering, light modulation, dispersion engineering, holography, and many more. However, the design of such structures, to date, has relied on the expertise of an optical scientist to guide a progression of electromagnetic simulations that iteratively solve Maxwell’s equations until locally optimized solution can be attained. Here, we develop a framework leveraging a deep generative model to identify the photonic structures in arbitrary topology from a geometric dataset given target optical response. Furthermore, if black-box optimization methods are incorporated, the framework is able to automate the inverse design and generate patterns of photonic structure with few interventions of human. The evaluation shows that over 95% average accuracy can be achieved in less than 5 seconds for all the unit patterns of the nanostructure tested. Our work introduces a generic approach for the design of photonic and optical structures in response to the near-field and far-field requirements, with broad applications in large-scale photonic design requiring trial-and-error practices. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
S21.00006: Divacancy spin defects coupled to photonic crystal cavities in 4H-SiC Alexander Crook, Christopher P Anderson, Kevin Miao, Alexandre Bourassa, Hope Lee, David Bracher, Xingyu Zhang, Hiroshi Abe, Takeshi Ohshima, Evelyn L Hu, David Awschalom Silicon carbide (SiC) has recently been developed as a platform for optically addressable spin defects in the form of the neutral divacancy, most notably in the 4H polytype [1-3]. Here we present progress in the fabrication and characterization of 4H-SiC photonic crystal cavities coupled to neutral divacancies. We use a combination of nanolithographic techniques and a dopant-selective photoelectrochemical etch to produce suspended cavities. For divacancies in the cavity mode, the Purcell effect enhances near-infrared optical emission from the defect. This results in increased photon count rates due to reduced excited state lifetimes, and for cavity wavelengths matched with the defect, the Purcell enhancement increases emission into the zero-phonon line. This enhancement has applications for the scalability of long-distance entanglement schemes that require the interference of indistinguishable photons from spatially separated defects. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
S21.00007: Photothermal Effect and Circular Dichroism in Chiral Plasmonic Metamaterials and Bolometers Larousse Khosravi Khorashad, Xiang-Tian Kong, Alexander O. Govorov Chiral nanostructures have already shown their promising chiro-optical properties in many areas of plasmonic science and photonics. Simultaneously, plasmonic nanostructures are suitable tools to efficiently enhance light absorption and increase temperature as a result of the light-matter interaction. In this project, we couple chirality and a strong plasmonic photothermal effect to present a new type of chiral spectroscopy. We utilize the idea of chiral planar superabsorber to enhance the chiro-optical effect. Our simulation models show that the hybrid nanostructure introduces high chiral light sensitivity that leads to the polarization-sensitive local temperature distributions and to strong photothermal circular dichroism in a nanostructure. These ideas can be applied for polarization-sensitive photochemistry, plasmonic thermal switches and chiral bolometers [1]. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
S21.00008: Air-Spaced Triple Band Metamaterial Perfect Absorber CHUNXU CHEN, Xiaoguang Zhao, Jacob Schalch, Sultan Can, Guangwu Duan, Richard Douglas Averitt, Xin Zhang We present a polarization insensitive air spaced triple band metamaterial perfect absorber (MMPA) consisting of a metamaterial layer and metallic ground plane. For our MMPA, the three near unity-absorption peaks can be individually specified by selecting the size of the ring resonators within one metamaterial unit cell – that is, inter-unit cell coupling is negligible. For our MMPA design, the coupling between the metamaterial layer and the ground plane is very strong. As a result, near-field interactions must be taken into account to properly analyze the electromagnetic response (EMR). Interference theory is often used to model the EMR of MMPAs. To account for near-field coupling we incorporate a correction term into our interference model. Our approach is in agreement with full-wave numerical simulations and experimental measurements. These findings demonstrate that a capacitance increase and an inductance decrease due to the coupling between the metamaterial layer and the ground plane are the primary causes for the difference between the standard interference theory and the experimental results. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
S21.00009: Photonic Forces on Dielectric Metasurfaces for Passive Stabilization of Laser Propelled Spacecraft Joel Siegel, Anthony Wang, Sergey Menabde, Mikhail A. Kats, Min Seok Jang, Victor W Brar In this talk, we will show that the ability of metasurfaces to create arbitrary reflected/transmitted wavefronts leads to complex – and measurable – optical forces on the metasurface. We will show how these forces manifest on the microscopic scale for individual resonators (the base elements of the metasurface) and on the macroscopic scale. In addition, we will discuss the non-intuitive behavior these forces can exhibit and the challenges that result in controlling these forces. Finally, we will demonstrate the potential value of a metasurface to serve as a ‘laser sail’ for a recently proposed relativistic spacecraft. To this end, photonic forces are used to passively stabilize the metasurface in a high power laser beam. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
S21.00010: Design rule for the practical creation of hyperuniform materials Alexandros Chremos, Jack Douglas Disordered hyperuniform materials are characterized by a suppression of large scale density fluctuations, making these highly “jammed” materials useful in many applications in which low compressibility and material isotropy are required. However, design rules for the practical creation of hyperuniform materials have not yet been determined. Towards establishing design rules for hyperuniform materials, we investigated the nature of long-range density fluctuations in melts of model “soft” polymers, specifically stars and bottlebrushes, over a wide temperature range by molecular dynamics simulation. The cores of the stars and the backbones of bottlebrush polymers are found to have a hyperuniform distribution, i.e., they exhibit anomalously small density fluctuations over a wide temperature range above the glass transition temperature. The hyperuniformity of these substituent polymer subregion is hidden since the fluid as a whole does not exhibit this property. These findings offer a strategy for the practical design of hyperuniform polymeric materials. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
S21.00011: Concentration Induced Dimensional Crossover in Nanocellulose Aerogel Morphology Tim Kidd, Byron Fritch, Deter Cox
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Thursday, March 7, 2019 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
S21.00012: Growth and Characterization of Crystalline Metal Nanoparticles on h-BN Antonio Martínez-Galera, Jose-Maria Gomez-Rodriguez The development and characterization of novel composites consisting of ordered arrays of monodisperse size nanoparticles supported on a substrate is a hot topic in materials science. Here, a 2D material consisting in a pseudo-ordered distribution of Ir nanocrystals supported on the h-BN/Rh(111) interface will be presented. The deviations of nanoparticles positioning with respect to a perfect periodic arrangement can be tuned by the temperature and the amount of Ir. Upon annealing, this material undergoes slight structural changes in the temperature range 370-570 K and much more drastic ones, which are due to cluster coalescence, between 670 and 770 K. This relatively high onset of coalescence is encouraging for using this 2D material as a catalyst for reactions as the oxidation of CO or of NO by molecular oxygen, which are especially relevant in the field of environmental science. From this material, metal nanostructures, exhibiting regular geometries have been created by using the STM tip. Because of the insulating character of h-BN, these nanostructures could be very promising to design conductive nanotracks. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
S21.00013: Engineering magnetism on graphene nanoribbons by electric field Yuan Zhou, Weiguo Yin, ShunLi Yu, Wenchao Chen, Changde Gong Manipulating magnetism by means of the electric field is one of the ideal ways for spintronics device applications due to its precise controllable nature. We report theoretical studies of the electronic and magnetic properties of lightly doped zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons [1] under the electric field in the ribbon width direction. Such setting imposes strong tendency to charge inhomogeneity and thus can dramatically tune the complex correlation between the spin- and charge-density waves, giving rise to a number of novel phases with distinct unusual magnetic and electronic features. Their robustness for a wide range of parameters and room temperature also facilitate their application potential. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
S21.00014: Wafer-scale photolithography of ultra-sensitive nanocantilever force sensors Ying Pan, Calder Miller, Kai Trepka, Ye Tao The detection of small forces using singly-clamped cantilevers is a fundamental feature in ultrasensitive versions of scanning probe force microscopy. In these technologies, silicon-based nanomechanical devices continue to be the most widespread high-performance nanomechanical sensors for their availability, ease of fabrication, inherently low mechanical dissipation, and good control of surface-induced mechanical dissipation. |
Thursday, March 7, 2019 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
S21.00015: WITHDRAWN ABSTRACT
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