Bulletin of the American Physical Society
77th Annual Meeting of the Division of Fluid Dynamics
Sunday–Tuesday, November 24–26, 2024; Salt Lake City, Utah
Session A35: Waves: Surface Waves I |
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Chair: Reyna Ramirez de la Torre, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico UNAM Room: 355 A |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 8:00AM - 8:13AM |
A35.00001: Broadband Wall-less Waveguide for Shallow Water Waves Reza Alam
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Sunday, November 24, 2024 8:13AM - 8:26AM |
A35.00002: Combining Phase-Averaged and Phase-Resolved Wave Field Reconstruction Ali Barzegari, Lian Shen Phase-averaged wave field reconstruction has been used in the past to recover statistical quantities of the wave field, such as significant wave height. Recently, phase-resolved wave field reconstruction has gained popularity because it can capture the phases of different wave components, which are missed in the former method. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 8:26AM - 8:39AM |
A35.00003: Ship as a buoy for phase-resolved ocean wave field reconstruction and forecast Guangyao Wang, Saahil Dhar, Yulin Pan This study introduces a novel method for phase-resolved ocean wave field reconstruction and forecast using measured ship responses. Starting with a time sequence of these measured responses, we first derive a preliminary coarse estimation of the phase-resolved ocean wave field through the spectrum analysis, pre-estimated transfer functions, and linear wave theory. Subsequently, we employ a data assimilation-based computational framework that couples the high-order spectral method, a Cummins-equation-based ship dynamic model, and the ensemble Kalman filter to further improve the accuracy of the phase-resolved ocean wave field and ship motion results. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this integrated method not only achieves precise phase-resolved ocean wave field reconstruction but also refines ship response results compared to the measurements. The final analysis results for both wave field and ship motion can be used as initial conditions for a future forecast, which will be much more accurate than otherwise (e.g., using measurement as initial condition). |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 8:39AM - 8:52AM |
A35.00004: Nonlinear Ocean Wave Forecast via Data Assimilation Based on Dynamic Averaging Scheme Xinshu Zhang, Jinyu Yao Phase-resolved reconstruction and forecasting of the ocean wave field are essential for ship operations and route optimization. Currently, X-band marine radar is widely used to detect statistical characteristics of the wave field, such as significant wave height and peak wave period. However, due to radar shadow effects, reconstructing and predicting the surface elevation around the ship's position is challenging. To address this, a dynamic averaging and evolution algorithm based on real-time radar images has been developed for the deterministic prediction of waves near the ship's position, which is within the blind zone. In this dynamic averaging scheme, the shadowed radar images are used as assimilation data to enhance the numerical forecasting results and improve wave prediction accuracy. The high-order spectral (HOS) model is employed as an evolution model for nonlinear waves. The combined dynamic averaging and evolution algorithm, along with the HOS model, has been tested in various scenarios with different ship speeds and sea states. Results indicate that the proposed approach reliably forecasts waves under rough sea conditions. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 8:52AM - 9:05AM |
A35.00005: Development of LIDAR based wave measurement and reconstruction system for real time near field wave forecasting and floating system control Jason M Dahl, Megan Gimple, Callum Robbins, Clement Mabile, Mojgan Gharakhanlou, Stephanie Steele, Bradford Knight, Brennan Phillips, Stephan T Grilli Scanning LIDAR is investigated as a technique for measuring and reconstructing a local sea state that is propagated forward in time to predict sea surface elevations at another point in space and time. The technique is investigated for application in the real time control of a floating offshore wind turbine. Field experiments demonstrate the effect of weather conditions, grazing angle, and implementation on a floating platform on the accuracy of sea surface measurements. Time histories of sea surface elevation and wave statistics are derived from LIDAR point clouds and validated against wave gauge measurements. Point clouds are also used to develop a reconstruction and propagation of a directional irregular wave field based on previously developed methods in the literature. The technique is demonstrated for a proof-of-concept laboratory control of the motions of a floating body. The initial field measurements are used to derive design requirements for a field measurement platform to be deployed in the vicinity of a scale model floating wind turbine. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 9:05AM - 9:18AM |
A35.00006: Droplet size distribution models in different cases of breaking waves and impacts Reyna Guadalupe Ramirez de la Torre The droplet size distribution for wave breaking and wave impact is an important factor to determine the production of sea spray and aerosol life span in the atmosphere. It is known that the droplets are produced by wind forcing and different processes such as bursting bubbles and spume formation. The distribution of sizes depends in many factors, including the wave speed, wave steepness and others. Nevertheless so far, many studies correlate the droplet production with only wind speed rather than sea state. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 9:18AM - 9:31AM |
A35.00007: Investigation of a Multilayer Model for Solitary Wave Breaking Energetics Hunter Boswell, Guirong Yan, Wouter D Mostert Breaking waves play a key factor in modeling oceanic and coastal environments. In numerical analyses, detailed energetics of breaking waves are usually only obtainable by computationally expensive methods such as multiphase direct numerical simulation (DNS). Multilayer models present a potential lower-cost alternative at the potential expense of fidelity. In this study, we present an analysis of breaking wave energetics using a vertically-Lagrangian multilayer model within the Basilisk framework (Popinet, 2020, J. Comp. Phys., 418: 109609). We study solitary gravity waves which shoal and break on a simple bathymetry consisting of a uniform initial (“offshore”) depth followed by a uniform beach ramp and finally a uniform depth (“inshore”) beach area. The wave initial amplitude, beach slope, and inshore depth are varied, and the dissipation rate is determined for each case. These resulting dissipation rates are compared to DNS data from prior work. Further, we investigate the applicability of the multilayer model to fully developed turbulent bores which impact vertical walls and compare our results to prior experimental data from the literature, a case which has proved difficult for DNS to model due to the elevated levels of turbulence developed in the bore. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 9:31AM - 9:44AM |
A35.00008: Confinement Effects in High-Speed Wind and Wave Interactions Hanul Hwang, Catherine Gorle High-speed wind in near-shore regions involves complex momentum exchange with high-amplitude waves, leading to wave breakups and intermittent turbulence generation. Understanding these extreme conditions is crucial for enhancing coastal community resiliency amidst global climate change. However, field measurements are sparse and challenging. Laboratory-scale experiments also face limitations due to the confinement effect of the flume on wind and wave dynamics. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 9:44AM - 9:57AM |
A35.00009: Multiphase Large Eddy Simulation of Wave Loading on a Vertical Cylinder: Towards Validated Simulation of Combined Wind and Wave Loading Max Beeman, Catherine Gorle Coastal structures in hurricane-prone regions are often elevated to reduce flooding damage; however, increased elevation exposes these structures to combined loading from large waves and potentially strong winds, as well as introduces an aerodynamic gap beneath the structure. Experiment-based understanding of this wind-wave interacting boundary layer is limited due to conflicting flow similitude scaling constraints. This work seeks to understand sensitivities and potential sources of error in a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) framework capable of directly modeling the combined action of wind and waves on elevated coastal structures. As a first step towards our objective, we use OpenFOAM with Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) methods to model wave loading on a vertical cylinder of nonbreaking, breaking, and broken nonlinear regular waves in still air and validate the numerical results through comparison with experimental data collected at Oregon State University's Large Wave Flume (LWF). We examine quasi-static, impact, and total forces, and explore sensitivity of these results to interface capturing scheme and other model choices. We will show that the LES results generally agree well with the experiment and present plans for further research exploring combined wind- and wave loading. |
Sunday, November 24, 2024 9:57AM - 10:10AM |
A35.00010: Direct numerical simulations of wind wave growth of a broad banded wave spectrum. Clara Martín Blanco, Nicolo Scapin, Jiarong Wu, Stephane Popinet, Tom Farrar, Bertrand Chapron, Luc Deike We perform Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of a broad-banded wave spectrum forced by turbulent wind. Utilizing the open-source solver Basilisk, we solve the full two-phase air-water Navier-Stokes equations with adaptive mesh refinement, including surface tension and geometric volume of fluid interface reconstruction. Our simulations cover a spectrum from millimeter-sized capillary waves to meter-scale waves forced by a turbulent boundary layer. |
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