Bulletin of the American Physical Society
48th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 62, Number 8
Monday–Friday, June 5–9, 2017; Sacramento, California
Session H6: Quantum Optics: Neutral Atoms and Photons |
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Chair: Martin Gaerttner, University of Heidelberg Room: 311-312 |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 10:30AM - 10:42AM |
H6.00001: Observation of a three-photon bound state Qiyu Liang, Sergio Cantu, Aditya Venkatramani, Travis Nicholson, Michael Gullans, Alexey Gorshkov, Jeff Thompson, Cheng Chin, Mikhail Lukin, Vladan Vuletic Bound states of massive particles, be it in the form of nucleons, atoms or molecules, are ubiquitous, and constitute the bulk of the visible world around us. In contrast, photon-photon interactions are weak and need to be specifically engineered in the form of nonlinear optical media. Here we report the observation of a three-photon bound state inside a quantum nonlinear optical medium. The strong photon-photon interaction is achieved by coupling the light to highly excited, strongly interacting Rydberg states in a cold atomic gas. The photonic trimer, which can be viewed as a quantum soliton, is observed via bunching and a strongly nonlinear phase in the three-photon correlation function of the emerging light. The observations are quantitatively described by an effective field theory of Rydberg-induced photon-photon interactions, and agree with direct numerical simulations. This work paves the way towards the realization, understanding, and control of strongly interacting quantum gases of light. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 10:42AM - 10:54AM |
H6.00002: Efimov States of Strongly Interacting Photons Michael Gullans, Sebastian Diehl, Seth Rittenhouse, Paul Julienne, Alexey Gorshkov, Jacob Taylor We introduce a new system to study Efimov physics based on interacting photons in cold gases of Rydberg atoms. We realize an isotropic three dimensional scattering problem by equalizing the longitudinal effective mass of the photons, arising from dispersive effects, with the transverse mass of the photons, arising from diffraction effects. We find the universal three-body parameter in this regime and characterize three-body recombination processes. We find that the Efimov bound states can be directly observed in the photonic transmission through the medium. These effects are realizable in high-density atomic ensembles and can be naturally extended to probe few-body universality beyond three bodies, as well as the role of Efimov physics in the many-body regime. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 10:54AM - 11:06AM |
H6.00003: Multiparameter estimation with single photons Sushovit Adhikari, Chenglong You, Margarite LaBorde, Jonathan Dowling, Jonathan Olson It was suggested in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 070403] that optical networks with relatively simple preparation and measurement devices – single photon Fock states and on-off detectors -- can show significant improvements over classical strategies for multiparameter estimation when the number of modes in the network is small. This was further developed in [arXiv:1610.07128] for the case of single parameter estimation, and shown to be sub-shotnoise only for $n<7$. In this paper, we show that this simple strategy can give asymptotically post-classical sensitivity for multiparameter estimation even when the number of modes is large. Additionally, we consider the effects of several other measurement techniques that can increase the efficiency of this device. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 11:06AM - 11:18AM |
H6.00004: Ultra-broadband photon storage in hot atomic barium vapor Bin Fang, Shuai Dong, Seth Meiselman, Offir Cohen, Virginia Lorenz Quantum memories are critical in quantum computing and quantum communication, where they enable synchronization and deterministic photon output. Here we experimentally demonstrate storage of THz-bandwidth optical pulses in a hot atomic barium vapor using the off-resonance Raman protocol, indicating its potential for an ultra-broadband quantum memory. The large energy splitting in barium between the ground and storage states of $\sim 340$ THz enables storage of $< 100$ fs photons, leading to a time-bandwidth product $> 1000$ and minimal thermal population in the storage state, resulting in low noise in single-photon operation. Our preliminary results show storage of $500$ fs photons with an efficiency of $0.4\%$ at barium densities of $5.1\times10^{19}\,\mathrm{m}^{-3}$ . As a next step we are amplifying the control field and anticipate substantial improvement in efficiency. To date, researchers have shown storage of GHz-bandwidth photons in atomic systems and THz-bandwidth photons in molecular and solid state systems, but not broadband storage in the telecom range. Barium has a transition between state $6s6p\,\,^1P_1$ and $6s5d\,\,^1D_2$ at telecom wavelengths, making it feasible for telecom photon storage if one prepares the ground state $6s^2\,\,^1S_0$ as the storage state. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 11:18AM - 11:30AM |
H6.00005: Detection and control of motion of signle atoms or ions in an optical cavity Mojtaba Moazzezi, Yuri V. Rostovtsev Using quantum coherence effects, we have developed a new technique of detection of motion of signle atoms or ions in an optical cavity. We have theoretically demonstrated that a three-level atom inside a cavity can act as an ultra-dispersive medium and the group velocity of light becomes ultraslow. If the atom is in motion, it causes a phase shift because of Fizeau effect due to dragging of light, which can be observed. It has been shown that the change of phase is extremely sensitive to probe detuning in vicinity of resonance frequency and is in the order of $10^{-9}$ even for speed of a few meter per seconds. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
H6.00006: Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency in Radio-Frequency Field Jianming Zhao, Georg Raithel We investigate the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) involved a Rydberg level which is modulated with (40-100) MHz RF field. The cesium ground state 6$S_{1/2}$, excited state 6$P_{3/2}$ and Rydberg n$D_{5/2}$ state consist of three-level atomic system, where a strong coupling laser drives the Rydberg transition, $|6P_{3/2}\rangle$ $\rightarrow$ $|nD_{5/2}\rangle$, while a weak probe laser detects the EIT signal. The RF-dressed Rydberg EIT spectra show the Stark splitting and the even-th harmonic sidebands. The $m_{j}$ =5/2 Stark line intersected with the $m_{j}$ =1/2, $m_{j}$ =3/2 sidebands, which provides an Rydberg-atom-based method for the accurate calibration of the RF electric field. We also investigate the dependence of the EIT spectra on the polarization of RF field and laser beams, the results show that $m_{j}$ =5/2 strength increase with the angle, $\theta$, defined between the polarizations of the laser beams and RF field, whereas the $m_{j}$ =1/2, 3/2 sidebands strength decrease with $\theta$. We model the experimental results using a Floquet model, the simulations are excellent agreement with the measurements. The investigation in this work provides an atom-based calibration of the polarization and amplitude of the RF-field using Rydberg-atom EIT. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
H6.00007: Controlling the Collective Rabi Oscillation of N Rydberg Atoms with Ancillary Atoms Woojun Lee, Hyosub Kim, Kyungtae Kim, Jaewook Ahn Dipole blockade among atoms excited to Rydberg states, called Rydberg blockade, has been intensively studied as a promising implementation of an atom-atom coupling in quantum computing and quantum simulation [1, 2]. When the Rydberg blockade happens among N atoms, there occurs collective excitation of the atom with $\surd $N times enhanced Rabi frequency compared to single atom excitation. Here we demonstrate the configurational effects on the N-atom (Rb 87) collective Rabi oscillation, by adjusting the position of ancilla atoms with atomic dynamic holographic optical tweezers [3, 4]. The characteristics including the frequency shift and amplitude of the collective oscillation and their polarization dependence for various configurations will be presented. [1] Gaëtan, Alpha, et al. Nature Physics 5.2 (2009): 115-118. [2] Wilk, Tatjana, et al. Physical Review Letters 104.1 (2010): 010502. [3] Lee, Woojun, et al. Optics express 24.9 (2016): 9816-9825. [4] Kim, Hyosub, et al. Nature Communications 7 (2016). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
H6.00008: Superradiance in Inverted Multi-level Atomic Clouds R.T. Sutherland, Francis Robicheaux This work examines superradiance in initially inverted clouds of \textit{multi-level} atoms. We simulate clouds containing hundreds of radiating atoms, while eschewing the approximation of symmetric dipole-dipole interactions. We then explore the effects that dephasing caused by elastic dipole-dipole interactions, as well as competition between multiple transitions, have on superradiance. Both of these mechanisms place strong restrictions on a given transition's ability to superradiate. These results are important to recent experiments that probe superradiance in Rydberg atoms. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
H6.00009: Progress towards broadband Raman quantum memory in Bose-Einstein condensates Erhan Saglamyurek, Taras Hrushevskyi, Benjamin Smith, Lindsay LeBlanc Optical quantum memories are building blocks for quantum information technologies. Efficient and long-lived storage in combination with high-speed (broadband) operation are key features required for practical applications. While the realization has been a great challenge, Raman memory in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is a promising approach, due to negligible decoherence from diffusion and collisions that leads to seconds-scale memory times [2], high efficiency due to large atomic density [3], the possibility for atom-chip integration with micro photonics [4], and the suitability of the far off-resonant Raman approach with storage of broadband photons (over GHz) [5]. Here we report our progress towards Raman memory in a BEC. We describe our apparatus recently built for producing BEC with $^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb atoms, and present the observation of nearly pure BEC with 5x10$^{\mathrm{5}}$ atoms at 40 nK. After showing our initial characterizations, we discuss the suitability of our system for Raman-based light storage in our BEC. [1] R. Zhang et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 233602 (2009). [2] S. Riedl et al. Phys. Rev. A 85, 022318 (2012). [3] Y. Colombe et al. Nature 450, 272-276 ( 2007). [4] K. F. Reim et al. Nat. Photonics 4, 218 - 221 (2010). [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
H6.00010: Cooperative resonances in light scattering from two-dimensional atomic arrays Ephraim Shahmoon, Dominik Wild, Mikhail Lukin, Susanne Yelin We consider light scattering off a two-dimensional (2D) dipolar array and show how it can be tailored by properly choosing the lattice constant of the order of the incident wavelength. In particular, we demonstrate that such arrays can shape the emission pattern from an individual quantum emitter into a well-defined, collimated beam, and operate as a nearly perfect mirror for a wide range of incident angles and frequencies. These results can be understood in terms of the cooperative resonances of the surface modes supported by the 2D array. Experimental realizations are discussed, using ultracold arrays of trapped atoms and excitons in 2D semiconductor materials, as well as potential applications ranging from atomically thin metasurfaces to single photon nonlinear optics and nanomechanics. [Preview Abstract] |
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