Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 6
Minneapolis, Minnesota (Apr 15-18)
Virtual (Apr 24-26); Time Zone: Central Time
Session U03: Nuclear Physics from Lattice QCDInvited
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Sponsoring Units: DNP Chair: Chien Yeah Seng, University of Washington Room: MG Salon B - 3rd Floor |
Tuesday, April 18, 2023 1:30PM - 2:06PM |
U03.00001: Two nucleons on the lattice: Progress and challenges Invited Speaker: Andre P Walker-Loud Lattice QCD offers us the promise of quantitatively understanding and predicting the structure and interactions of nucleons directly from the quark and gluon degrees of freedom. With this foundation, we could then build a theory of nuclear structure and reactions with theoretical uncertainties that are fully rooted in the Standard Model of particle physics. In particular, lattice QCD can be used to determine key quantities and processes that are difficult to determine with experimental measurements and phenomenology alone. For example, lattice QCD can be used to determine the neutron-neutron to proton-proton-electron-electron amplitude that would arise from prospective lepton number violating interactions that could give rise to neutrinoless double beta decay of nuclei. Despite this promise, which members of the lattice QCD community have been diligently working towards for almost two decades, we have not yet observed lattice QCD calculations of two-nucleon interactions performed with a pion mass sufficiently light that we can make rigorous contact with the two- and three-nucleon effective theories that are routinely used to compute properties and reactions of light and medium mass nuclei. I will review the current status of lattice QCD calculations for two-nucleon (two-baryon) systems, as well as the challenges the calculations face and progress we are making to overcome these challenges. |
Tuesday, April 18, 2023 2:06PM - 2:42PM |
U03.00002: Towards Multi-hadron matrix elements from Lattice QCD Invited Speaker: Andrew W Jackura Accessing low-energy nuclear physics from Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) poses several challenges given its non-perturbative nature and the fact that most processes involve few-body dynamics. A synergistic approach between lattice QCD and scattering theory offers a systematic pathway towards numerically computing few-body nuclear observables from first principles. In this talk I will present an overview of this program, focusing on the recent theoretical developments aimed at extracting two-hadron electroweak matrix elements from lattice QCD simulations. These new frameworks allow for a first principles determination of reactions such as the photodisintegration of the deuteron and two-photon fusion to two-pions. |
Tuesday, April 18, 2023 2:42PM - 3:18PM |
U03.00003: Lattice QCD and Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Invited Speaker: Anthony V Grebe Neutrinoless double-beta decay (0vbb) is a hypothetical nuclear decay that is only possible if the neutrino is a Majorana fermion. This decay can be mediated either by a light Majorana neutrino propagating between two electroweak current insertions or by higher-dimension short-distance operators that appear in some beyond the Standard Model theories. Experimental searches for this process with ever-increasing sensitivity have placed strong constraints on the 0vbb half-lives of relevant isotopes. Relating these experimental half-lives to the underlying particle physics -- the effective Majorana mass of the neutrino or coefficients of short-distance operators -- requires understanding of the nuclear matrix elements for the transition. These matrix elements can be computed within an nuclear effective field theory framework, but input from lattice QCD is necessary to constrain low-energy constants relevant for the decay. This talk will discuss several double-beta decay calculations performed in lattice QCD and their implications for determination of nuclear EFT parameters. |
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