Session EE03: V: General Physics I

Unusual angular dependence of the magnetoresistance in the LaVO3-KTaO3 Rashba system

Condensed matter physics is opening new avenues for the realization of Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana fermions as quasi-particles which are to be observed in High energy physics. With this, KTaO₃ has emerged as the new kid in the spintronics block, showing the emergent phenomena in bulk and in heterostructures, interfaces, and thin films. In this, we have studied the angular dependence of the longitudinal and planar magnetoresistance at the conducting interface of LaVO₃-KTaO₃ having strong spin-orbit coupling strength and showing the existence of the Rashba effect. The system exhibited negative longitudinal magnetoresistance, planar Hall effect, and anisotropic magnetoresistance which are the signature of chiral anomaly which is also the signature of Dirac and Weyl semimetals. The observance of negative magnetoresistance for all in-plane angles is an unusual feature. These features of quantum origin arise from strong spin-orbit coupling and pave a path to engineering non-magnetic materials as sensors for vector magnetic fields.

    

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The unrestricted discharge of textile chemicals in natural water sources has posed major ecological and environmental threats to our standard of living. For decades, there has been continuous search for affordable, and visible-light active photocatalyst that is capable of harnessing the full potential of sunlight. Herein, a photocatalyst based on a series of Co and g-C₃N₄ codoped ZnO photocatalysts were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method for eosin yellow degradation in water. The functional groups present in the materials were determined by FTIR. Optical analysis of the samples showed a marginal increase in absorbance with a corresponding decrease in optical bandgap from 3.23 – 2.67 eV. The photocatalysis results showed that the maximum photocatalytic performance was observed for the 0.8% Co doped ZnO/g-C₃N₄ system, which degraded 96 % of the dye under visible light in 180 minutes (k = 0.01701 min-¹). The incorporation of Co enhanced ZnO's outstanding photocatalytic activity in the g- C₃N₄-ZnO system.

    

Relativistic thermodynamics of a quantum system

For thermodynamic quantities, different relativistic transformations have been suggested by Plank-Einstein, Ott and Landsberg. Using statistical mechanics and a simple quantum system, the consistency of all known relativistic transformations has been discussed. Using this method, the invariance of entropy yields new transformation for pressure and temperature. These transformations give consistent result for a spin-less mono-atomic gas particles and black-body.   

New Discovery of Virtual Waves in the World Or a Revolution in the Manufacturing of Space Telescopes

Most of the waves that we perceive are affected by the Redshift and Blueshift phenomenon and the observers will definitely make an error. This error causes about 70% of the received waves to be different from their reality. To solve this problem, we present a proposed plan for making a telescope gives us a real image that does not have the error of virtual waves, and also gives us radio waves, micro waves, infrared waves, visible waves, ultraviolet waves, X-rays, gravity waves in each image simultaneously, and there is no need for different type of telescopes. Therefore, you can get a versatile telescope at a reasonable price. This telescope advantages:

1. This telescope could receive original and real waves. In fact, a revolution should be made in the manufacturing of telescopes so that we can get closer to the real truth.

2. The received waves do not include virtual waves or waves that have low shift or high shift due to the phenomenon of Redshift or Blueshift.

3. The accuracy of receipts and calculations increases to about 90% and the error is reduced to less than 10%.

4. Strong and huge telescopes can be built on the ground and the difficulty of sending telescopes into space is reduced.

5. All the waves in the universe can be received with this method without deficiency, and the universe can be observed with only one telescope.

6. The cost of producing telescopes will be reduced to less than 20% of the current cost.

7. Maintenance of telescopes becomes convenient, easy and inexpensive due to their availability.   

A mathematically-derived explanation of Hafele-Keating experiment and Einstein’s clock without twin paradox

  The Hafele–Keating experiment was widely regarded as the proof of Special Theory of Relativity (STR). In fact, the experiment result questions the first postulate (principle of relativity) of STR, which implies that all inertial frames of reference are equivalent. The Hafele-Keating result, however, strongly indicated that the analysis of velocity can only be performed in a specific/preferred inertia frame. The principle of relativity also led to the well-known Twin-paradox. The experiment result is in direct conflict with the acceleration explanation of Twin-paradox, i.e. the twin who doesn’t experience the acceleration aged the most. This paper will show that the Hafele–Keating result is instead simply a straightforward mathematical derivation of “Asymmetry Theory” and there is not any paradox.

  Since only the second postulate (the constancy of the velocity of light) was well established, the idea is that we should base solely on this principle, which can be represented with the general equation O(to)-S(ts)=c*(to-ts).  Without relying on any other unproven assumption, a comprehensive set of ground-breaking results, which is named “Asymmetry Theory”, was derived through strict mathematics solely from this equation. Under Asymmetry Theory, the Hafele–Keating experiment, Einstein’s clock and GPS time variation are simply a straightforward mathematical derivation, with no paradox or the need of any argument. This Asymmetry Theory interpretation was also in harmony with other experiments, i.e. the Gezari’s Lunar ranging test.

  This is only one example of the comprehensive set of results of Asymmetry Theory.  Key physical phenomenon, such as Stellar aberration, Sagnac effect, Mass-Energy relationship, Doppler effect, Cherenkov radiation, Electron Relativistic Mass Variations, … are all simply straightforward mathematical derivation without any paradox in Asymmetry Theory. Asymmetry Theory was in harmony with all existing proven experiments and also theoretically proven by the Maxwell’s equation. Two experiments were designed to test its validity by checking its predictions against other theory.

    

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The Standard Model (SM) fails at providing a dark matter candidate, it is necessary to consider scenarios beyond the Standard Model, which may in addition have a broad phenomenology at colliders. Since dark matter density has been very precisely measured by cosmological observations, it can be used to

set constraints not only on particle physics models, but also on early Universe scenarios. Unknown are the nature of dark energy, the origin of the particle-antiparticle asymmetry in the Universe, and the reasons of the inflationary period.  A model is put forth which deals with collision and annihilation of heavy quark and antiquark particles

    

The application of thermomechanical dynamics (TMD) to the analysis of nonequilibrium irreversible motion and a low temperature Stirling heat engine

Thermomechanical dynamics (TMD) is a theoretical model to study nonequilibrium irreversible states (NISs) proposed by authors, and the method of TMD developed from the analysis of nonequilibrium irreversible motion of a drinking bird system [1].  The TMD model solved, for the first time, the nonequilibrium irreversible motion of a drinking bird.  The time-dependent progresses of physical quantities, such as work W(t), internal energy E(t), energy dissipation or entropy S(t), and temperature T(t) of a drinking bird motion, are consistently obtained [2].

 We apply the TMD method to the analysis of NISs of a low temperature Stirling engine [3].   We proposed the dissipative equation of motion for heat engines in the TMD method, which consists of the external driving force composed of thermal work and frictional variations.  The low temperature Stirling engine is the second example solved consistently by the TMD method, and time-dependent thermodynamic work W(t), internal energy E(t), energy dissipation or entropy S(t) and temperature T(t), are self-consistently studied.

The TMD model suggests that the trajectory, velocity and acceleration of particles are well described by Newtonian mechanics, when the dissipations of energy caused by frictional variations and thermal fluctuations do not affect motions of particles so much.  The physical implications are fundamental for the concept of the macroscopic phenomena in NISs [3].