Bulletin of the American Physical Society
22nd Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 67, Number 8
Monday–Friday, July 11–15, 2022; Anaheim, California
Session W05: Diagnostic Development IIIRecordings Available
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Chair: Devin Connolly Room: Anaheim Marriott Platinum 3 |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 4:00PM - 4:15PM |
W05.00001: Proton Radiography results on PBX 9701 shock propagation over a wide temperature range Elizabeth G Francois, Eric K Anderson, Christina Scovel Recent proton radiography (pRad) experiments on Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX) 9701 (DAAF and FK-800) were executed at three temperatures: -52oC, Ambient, and +74oC. The goal of the experimental series was to see whether dead zones existed in this material, and whether it showed any cold temperature effect on performance. High temperature experiments had never previously been fired on this material and the outcome was unknown. The experimenters had a pre-shot prediction from a recently developed Equation of State (EOS) that predicted no dead zones. As PBX 9701 is a candidate for Insensitive High Explosive (IHE) designation, temperature invariance would be very favorable to its future. |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 4:15PM - 4:30PM |
W05.00002: Modeling Proton Radiography results on PBX 9701 shock propagation over a wide temperature range Christina Scovel, Elizabeth G Francois, Sean Blanchard, Eric K Anderson Recent proton radiography (pRad) experiments on Plastic Bonded Explosive (PBX) 9701 (DAAF and FK-800) were executed at three temperatures: -52oC, Ambient, and +74oC. The goal of the experimental series was to see whether dead zones existed in this material, and whether it |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 4:30PM - 4:45PM |
W05.00003: Investigating elastic properties of materials at high pressure and temperature in the Paris-Edinburgh cell Richard L Rowland, Blake Sturtevant, Jennifer L Jordan, Eric N Brown Knowledge of the elastic properties of materials such as the bulk, Young’s, and Shear moduli and Poisson’s ratio is critical when designing items like tools, machinery, and structures. Further, if items will encounter conditions of extreme stress and/or temperature, it is important to understand material properties at these conditions to optimize design. To determine the elastic constants of materials, we perform sound speed and density measurements as a function of pressure and temperature in a Paris-Edinburgh-style large volume hydraulic pressure cell in situ at the Advanced Photon Source. The pulse-echo method is employed to obtain ultrasound time-of-flight, while X-ray radiography is used to measure sample dimensions, and X-ray diffraction is used to determine density and pressure. Our experimental apparatus attains sample conditions of up to 1000 °C and 7 GPa. In this presentation, I will outline the experimental apparatus, data acquisition, and analysis used to determine elastic constants as a function of pressure and temperature. Recent experimental results from metal and polymer samples will be presented to highlight the usefulness of the technique across a broad range of material systems. |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 4:45PM - 5:00PM |
W05.00004: Formation of a Shockwave from Subsonic Vortex Ring Collisions of Varying Geometries Rachel Bauer, Martin J Langenderfer, Catherine E Johnson Vortex rings form as a slug of air moves through an opening, such as the end of a shock tube. Shock tubes have been used extensively in explosives research and have various geometries and designs. Boundary layer forces cause the air exiting an opening to curl back upon itself creating the vortex. Previous studies have shown the interaction of vortex rings with solid walls, and in collision and reconnection with other vortex rings with circular openings. This study uses explosively formed shock waves to study the collision of vortex rings in air with different geometries visually through schlieren videography. Upon exiting the tube, the vortex rings are traveling at subsonic velocities, but after head-on collision, produce a shock wave. Different shaped vortex rings have different velocities upon exiting the tube, but still produce a shock wave after collision. Both the circular and shaped vortex rings trap air between them before collision. As more air becomes trapped, the pressure increases, creating a pressure gradient. The collision of the vortex rings causes a rapid release of air creating the resulting shock wave. Vortex rings of varying geometries can be found behind jet engines, creating turbulence. |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 5:00PM - 5:15PM |
W05.00005: Voitenko experiments achieve shock velocities of 90 km/s Douglas G Tasker, Young K Bae, Carl E Johnson, Kevin Rainey, Christopher Campbell, David M Oschwald, Cornelius Reed Using a Voitenko accelerator, a short series of experiments were performed with the goal of attaining shock velocities in gases approaching 90 km/s. The basic apparatus comprised a hemispherical bowl filled with a gas at atmospheric pressure; a metal piston across its diameter; and a small bore evacuated shock tube at its apex. The evacuated shock tube was separated from the gas bowl by a thin diaphragm. A combination of a plane wave explosive lens and a high explosive pad accelerated the piston to a velocity of the order of 4 km/s and subsequently compressed the gas in the bowl. The thin diaphragm at the other end of the bowl then ruptured and the high pressure (shock compressed) gas escaped into the shock tube. |
Thursday, July 14, 2022 5:15PM - 5:30PM |
W05.00006: Effects of Embedded Energetic Sensors Within an RDX-Based Explosive Wesley W Chapman, Gabriel A Montoya, Terry R Salyer, Jeffrey F Rhoads, Steven F Son The electrically conductive polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been combined with the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) to form an electrically conductive, additively manufacturable explosive (CAMX). The material is shown to be additively manufacturable at an extrusion filament diameter of 700 µm. The CAMX underwent preliminary explosive safety testing including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact and friction sensitivity testing, and electrostatic discharge (ESD) testing. The electromechanical and thermoresistive properties of the cured CAMX were characterized via tensile tests and heated chamber tests respectively. The detonation velocity was measured using an 11 pin-wire rate stick measurement. Filament strands of energetic sensor material, along with other variants, have been placed within a bulk HTPB+RDX based explosive and the effects of the embedded sensors on the detonation front curvature, downstream of the sensor material, has been observed using streak imaging. Methods for limiting the intrusiveness of embedded sensors will be discussed. |
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