Bulletin of the American Physical Society
22nd Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 67, Number 8
Monday–Friday, July 11–15, 2022; Anaheim, California
Session J04: Strength Under Dynamic CompressionRecordings Available
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Chair: Nathaniel Helminiak, West Point; Nathaniel Helminiak, West Point Room: Anaheim Marriott Platinum 2 |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 11:00AM - 11:15AM |
J04.00001: Overview and highlights of a tri-lab effort of the multi-phase material response James M McNaney, Ryan Austin, Nathan R Barton, Corbett Battaile, Jonathan L Belof, Justin L Brown, Miles A Buechler, Leonid Burakovsky, John H Carpenter, Dana M Dattelbaum, Saryu J Fensin, George T Gray III, Carl W Greeff, Mathew Hill, David R Jones, Yong-Jae Kim, J Matthew D Lane, Hojun Lim, Jonathan Lind, Tom Lockard, Darby J Luscher, Thomas R Mattsson, Thao Nguyen, Hye-Sook Park, Philip D Powell, Michael Prime, Daniel Rehn, Bruce A Remington, Richard L Rowland, Robert E Rudd, William Schill, Kathleen Schmidt, Christopher T Seagle, Camelia V Stan, Blake Sturtevant, Damian C Swift, Ann E Mattsson Multi-phase high pressure dynamic strength is an extremely challenging area of research. Over the past few years a team of researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories have been working jointly to make progress on this problem. The multi-platform experimental approach makes use of techniques accessing a range of rate and pressure conditions. Given the complexity of multi-phase material response, modeling capabilities and supporting theoretical calculations play a central role in the interpretation of the experimental results. This talk will outline the breadth and depth of the effort, outline the challenges, and report on general progress for tin, highlighting successes of the collaboration and setting the stage for other presentations at the conference. |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 11:15AM - 11:30AM |
J04.00002: Modeling High Strain Rate Plasticity in BCC Lead Robert E Rudd, Lin H Yang, Andrew Krygier, Philip D Powell, Damian C Swift, Christopher Wehrenberg, James M McNaney, Peter Graham, Hye-Sook Park High-energy lasers enable determination of metal strength at very high pressures. Here we consider the strength (flow stress) of lead in the high-pressure body-centered cubic (bcc) phase at a peak pressure of about 400 GPa. Two previous models of Pb strength were built from the low-pressure face-centered cubic (fcc) phase. Plasticity in bcc and fcc crystals can be very different. Experiments conducted at the National Ignition Facility have used ramp compression to drive Rayleigh-Taylor instability and measured the ripple growth to infer strength in the bcc phase of lead and lead alloy. We describe an Improved Steinberg-Guinan model for bcc lead strength using ab initio calculations of the shear modulus at pressure that agrees well with those experiments. We also report the results of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations on the rate dependence of the flow stress in lead at these high strain rates. The alloying, which increases strength 4x at ambient conditions, has no measurable effect at high-pressure. |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 11:30AM - 11:45AM |
J04.00003: The Equation of State and Strength Properties of Copper Mountain Sandstone Nathaniel S Helminiak, John P Borg SiO2 in its various forms are of interest, due to their relative abundance in nature and application in defense, industry, construction, and geophysics. While many studies examining SiO2 have been conducted, there was an opportunity to examine this material at high strain rate. Therefore, a series of experiments utilizing 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm thick samples of Copper Mountain Sandstone (CMS), a 98.94 wt. % alpha quartz material, with a grain diameter of 0.153±0.059 mm and 9.48±2.01 % porosity, from low to high strain rate have been performed. Low strain rate yield surfaces, taken between 10-1 and 10-5 1/s and equations of state for CMS between 3 m/s to 720 m/s, compare favorably with generalized mesoscale fits, as determined from porosity and grain size. The results of elastic and uniaxial strain experiments demonstrate the consequences of high feature size to sample thickness ratios. Finally, the results of Pressure Shear Plate Impact (PSPI), taken at high strain rates between 104 and 105 1/s, are used to augment existing data at higher porosity. |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 11:45AM - 12:00PM |
J04.00004: Dynamic Compression Strength and Hardness of Ceramics Christopher Meredith, Daniel Casem, Jeffrey Swab The intrinsic compression strength of ceramics can be difficult to determine. The specimen geometry and test fixture, if not properly designed, can result in the generation of undesirable tensile stresses that can lead to misleadingly low strength values. On the other hand, the quasi-static hardness of ceramics is straightforward to measure but has received significantly less attention under dynamic loading conditions. Since compression strength, for which hardness is a proxy, is a parameter in numerous modeling and simulation packages used to predict impact performance, properly measuring it is critical. This presentation focuses on compression strength experiments using a dumbbell-shaped specimen and scaled-down dynamic hardness experiments, where the split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) is utilized to apply the dynamic loading. The dumbbell-shaped specimen was designed to increase the likelihood of fracture initiating in the gage section, which is confirmed via high speed imaging, and we will present results on a variety of ceramics under both quasi-static and dynamic strain rates. The recently developed miniature dynamic hardness technique, utilizes laser interferometry to measure forces and displacements and cleverly exploits wave reverberations in the incident and transmitted bars to achieve a single indent over a several microsecond loading time, will be presented. Knoop hardness measurements on a variety of ceramics will be presented under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. We show both of these techniques have the fidelity to quantify strain rate effects that are generally not possible with typical approaches. |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 12:00PM - 12:15PM |
J04.00005: Strain rate sensitivity of a bio-based composite flax/Elium® thermoplastic matrix. Martin Lefebvre, Nadia Bahlouli, Marc Vedrines, Renaud Kiefer, Naji Kharouf, Yannick Hoarau Flax fiber reinforced composites (FFCR) are remarkable materials for their lightweight, strength and low environmental impact. In this study, an innovative FFRC with a recyclable matrix suitable for industrial applications is tested. Investigations focused on the strain rate sensitivity of this composite over a wide range of strain rates in compression from 0.004 s-1 (quasi-static) to 2500 s-1 (dynamic). The dynamic tests are performed with the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique. The tested composite shows an important strain rate sensitivity with an increase of the Young’s modulus and the maximum compressive stress and a decrease in the strain at break. After reaching the maximum compressive stress, significant delamination occurs in the composite. Experimental results allow us to identify an elastic behavior law and model the composite failure. Additional information on the fracture mechanisms is obtained through microscopic observations. This study contributes to a better understanding of the FFRC dynamic mechanical behavior and provides fundamental experimental data to identify models for integration in calculation codes for engineering applications. |
Tuesday, July 12, 2022 12:15PM - 12:30PM |
J04.00006: A modified soda-lime glass model for shock physics simulations from elastic response to ~100 GPa Joshua Gorfain, Christopher T Key, Scott Alexander Recent high-pressure shock data on soda-lime glass (SLG) has been collected and added to the existing database for this material. This comprehensive dataset characterizing the shock response of SLG from elastic conditions through 120 GPa was aggregated and evaluated. Guided by key observations, particularly from the high-pressure data, a modified glass model equation of state (EOS) was developed and implemented within the CTH hydrocode. The details of this modified formulation and its parameterization for SLG are presented. Improved model capabilities are demonstrated through correlation to time-resolved measurements from plate impact tests spanning the full stress range. Additional interpretation of experimental results with tandem model calculations offers new insights into the complexities of SLG under shock compression. |
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