Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session F28: Quantum Information Science in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical PhysicsLive
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Sponsoring Units: DAMOP Chair: Kaden Hazzard, Rice Univ |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:30AM - 11:42AM Live |
F28.00001: Concept of orbital entanglement and correlation in quantum chemistry Sreetama Das, Lexin Ding, Sam Mardazad, szilard szalay, Ulrich Joseph Schollwoeck, Zoltán Zimborás, Christian Schilling A recent development in quantum chemistry has established the quantum mutual information between orbitals as a major descriptor of electronic structure. This has already facilitated remarkable improvements of numerical methods and may lead to a more comprehensive foundation for chemical bonding theory. Building on this promising development, our work provides a refined discussion of quantum information theoretical concepts by introducing the physical correlation and its separation into classical and quantum parts as distinctive quantifiers of electronic structure. In particular, we succeed in quantifying the entanglement. Intriguingly, our results for different molecules reveal that the total correlation between orbitals is mainly classical, raising questions about the general significance of entanglement in chemical bonding. Our work also shows that implementing the fundamental particle number superselection rule, so far not accounted for in quantum chemistry, removes a major part of correlation and entanglement previously seen. In that respect, realizing quantum information processing tasks with molecular systems might be more challenging than anticipated. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:42AM - 11:54AM Live |
F28.00002: Drone-based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Andrew Conrad, Samantha Isaac, Roderick Cochran, Daniel Sanchez-Rosales, Akash Gutha, Tahereh Rezaei, Brian Wilens, Hudson Jones, Daniel J Gauthier, Paul Kwiat Presently, Unmanned Arial Vehicles (UAVs) are being leveraged in numerous applications and industries, and their use is expected to increase in the future. In this effort, we present progress towards demonstrating Decoy-State Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) between two drones in flight. A significant challenge includes achieving system performance under compact Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) constraints. We introduce and evaluate critical subsystems including a compact QKD source based on resonant-cavity Light Emitting Diodes (LED) controlled by an FPGA. The Pointing, Acquisition and Tracking (PAT) system provides course and fine alignment using gimbals, and fast steering mirrors, respectively. We discuss both transmit and receive optics including custom designed 3D-printed optical benches. Finally, we introduce single-photon detectors, FPGA-based time-tagger, and a novel statistical post-processing synchronization algorithm. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 11:54AM - 12:06PM Live |
F28.00003: Electro-optic frequency shifter and beam splitter in coupled lithium niobate microring resonators Yaowen Hu, Mengjie Yu, Di Zhu, Neil Sinclair, Amirhassan Shams-Ansari, Linbo Shao, Jeffrey Holzgrafe, Eric Puma, Mian Zhang, Marko Loncar Efficient and precise control of the frequency of light on gigahertz scales is important for a wide range of applications. Here we demonstrate an on-chip electro-optic frequency shifter that is precisely controlled using only a single-tone microwave signal. Our device provides frequency shifts as high as 28 GHz with measured shift efficiencies of 99% and on-chip device insertion loss of <0.5 dB. Importantly, the device can be reconfigured as a tunable frequency-domain beam splitter. Using the device, we also demonstrate an efficient and non-blocking exchange of information between two distinct frequency channels, i.e. swap operation. Finally, we show that our scheme can be scaled to achieve cascaded frequency shifts beyond 100 GHz. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:06PM - 12:18PM Live |
F28.00004: Entanglement certification of fermionic many-body systems with quench dynamics Ricardo Costa de Almeida, Philipp Hauke Entanglement is central to the modern understanding of quantum systems and the primary resource for upcoming quantum technologies. However, a potential bottleneck for future advances is the need for scalable protocols to detect and characterize entanglement. In particular, there is an increasing demand for procedures that can certify the presence of entanglement in quantum many-body systems. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:18PM - 12:30PM Live |
F28.00005: Entanglement versus Bell nonlocality of quantum nonequilibrium steady states Kun Zhang, Jin Wang We study the entanglement and the Bell nonlocality of a coupled two-qubit system, in which each qubit is coupled with one individual environment. We study how the nonequilibrium environments (with different temperatures or chemical potentials) influence the entanglement and the Bell nonlocality. The nonequilibrium environments can have constructive effects on the entanglement and the Bell nonlocality. Nonequilibrium thermodynamic cost can sustain the thermal energy or particle current and enhance the entanglement and the Bell nonlocality. However, the nonequilibrium conditions (characterized by the temperature differences or the thermodynamic cost quantified by the entropy production rates) which give the maximal violation of the Bell inequalities are different from the nonequilibrium conditions which give the maximal entanglement. When the Bell inequality has asymmetric observables (between Alice and Bob), for example the I3322 inequality, such asymmetry can also be reflected from the effects under the nonequilibrium environments. Our study demonstrates that the nonequilibrium environments are both valuable for the entanglement and Bell nonlocality resources, based on different optimal nonequilibrium conditions though. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:30PM - 12:42PM Live |
F28.00006: High-quality diamond confined open microcavity for diamond-based photonics Sigurd Flagan, Daniel Riedel, Brendan Shields, Viktoria Yurgens, Tomasz Jackubczyk, Patrick Maletinsky, Richard J. Warburton The nitrogen vacancy centre (NV) in diamond constitutes a promising node in a quantum network owing to its highly coherent, optically addressable electron spin. However, scalability to more than a few network nodes hinges on modest entanglement rates owing to poor extraction efficiency of coherent photons out of the host material. However, coupling single NV centres to a resonant microcavity can greatly enhance the photon flux, owing to the Purcell effect [1]. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:42PM - 12:54PM Live |
F28.00007: Long-Lived Spectrally-Multiplexed Quantum Memory In A Thulium-Doped Crystal Antariksha Das, Mohsen Falamarzi Askarani, Jacob H Davidson, Neil Sinclair, Gustavo C Amaral, Sara Marzban, Joshua A Slater, Daniel Oblak, Charles W Thiel, Rufus L Cone, Wolfgang Tittel Rare-earth ion-doped crystals with long optical coherence lifetimes can serve as frequency-multiplexed, long-lived optical quantum memories, which are of an essential requirement towards building frequency multiplexed quantum repeaters for long-distance quantum communications. Towards this end, we investigate a thulium-doped crystal (Tm: YGG) at temperatures as low as 500 mK and low magnetic fields. This crystal offers an optical coherence lifetime exceeding one millisecond and a ground-state Zeeman level lifetime as long as tens of seconds. We take advantage of such exceptional features to show several key demonstrations; storage of optical pulses for up to 100 μs of storage time over a few MHz-wide of storage bandwidth, frequency-selective read-out of 11 distinct stored frequency modes, storage of heralded single photons confirming the quantum nature of our thulium quantum memory. Our results suggest that Tm: YGG can be a potential candidate to be used as an optical quantum memory in frequency multiplexed quantum repeater architecture. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 12:54PM - 1:06PM Live |
F28.00008: Quantum estimation in strong fields: in situ ponderomotive sensing Andrew Maxwell, Alessio Serafini, Sougato Bose, Carla Faria Strong laser fields find use across physics, particularity in attoscience, where they enable the manipulation of electrons on their natural time scale of attoseconds (10-18 s). Despite this, many strong laser field parameters can not be accurately measured, particularly the laser intensity, where 20% uncertainty is common. There has been no systematic study of the relationship between these uncertainties and the choice of quantum measurements. However, in quantum metrology, there exists the tools to understand and improve on these uncertainties. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:06PM - 1:18PM Live |
F28.00009: Quantum Synchronization in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamonds Pronoy Das, Agam Verma, Parvinder Solanki, Abhishek Kejriwal, Shreyas Chandgothia, Sai Vinjanampathy, Kasturi Saha Classical synchronisation is the adjustment of the rhythm of an oscillator to either weak external driving or weak coupling with another oscillator. Motivated by its universality and repleteness in the classical world, synchronisation in the quantum regime has been recently studied and several applications have been proposed. We present the first study of one such application. We study synchronisation as a thermal machine in NV centres in diamonds, where we observe this phenomenon in the spin-1 3A2 symmetric electronic ground states (ms = 0, ±1). We create an undriven system by introducing incoherent couplings between |0> and |+1> and between |+1> and |−1>. We introduce decoherence by inducing a Gaussian noise which effectively reduces the T2*. A coherent drive between |0> and |−1> is implemented with a small variable detuning, and we observe the quantum analogue of an Arnold-tongue. Coherent and incoherent contributions to the output power are discussed and related to synchronisation dynamics. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:18PM - 1:30PM Live |
F28.00010: Shortcuts to Adiabaticity for the Quantum Rabi Model Ye-Hong Chen, Wei Qin, Adam Miranowicz, Xin Wang, Franco Nori We propose a method for the fast generation of nonclassical ground states of the Rabi model in the ultra-strong and deep-strong coupling regimes via the shortcuts-to-adiabatic (STA) dynamics [1]. The time-dependent quantum Rabi model is simulated by applying parametric amplification [2,3] to the Jaynes-Cummings model. Using experimentally feasible parametric drive, this STA protocol can generate large-size Schrödinger cat states, through a process which is 10 times faster compared to adiabatic protocols. Such fast evolution increases the robustness of our protocol against dissipation. Our method enables to freely design the parametric drive, so that the target state can be generated in the lab frame. A largely detuned light-matter coupling makes the protocol robust against imperfections of the operation times in experiments. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:30PM - 1:42PM Live |
F28.00011: Holographic entanglement entropy measurements on a quantum computer Michael Foss-Feig, David Hayes The ability to selectively measure, initialize, and reuse qubits during a quantum circuit is a crucial ingredient in scalable (error-corrected) quantum computation. Recently, it has been realized that these tools also enable "holographic" algorithms that map the spatial structure of certain tensor-network states onto the dynamics of a quantum circuit, thereby achieving dramatic resource savings when using a quantum computer to simulate many-body systems with limited entanglement. Here we explore another significant benefit of the holographic approach to quantum simulation: The entanglement structure of an infinite system, specifically the half-chain entanglement spectrum, can be extracted from a data-compressed register of "bond qubits" encoding a matrix-product state. We demonstrate this idea experimentally on a trapped-ion QCCD quantum computer by computing the near-critical entanglement entropy of the transverse-field Ising model directly in the thermodynamic limit, and show that the phase transition becomes very quickly resolved upon expanding the bond qubit register. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:42PM - 1:54PM Live |
F28.00012: Quantum Correlations in the Stokes-anti-Stokes Raman Scattering: Photonic Cooper Pairs Filomeno Aguiar Júnior, Andre L Saraiva, Belita Koiller, Reinaldo de Melo e Souza, Marcelo França Santos, Arthur Patrocinio Pena, Raigna Armond Silva, Carlos Henrique Monken, Ado Jorio de Vasconcelos The production of correlated Stokes (S) and anti-Stokes (aS) photons (SaS process) mediated by real phonon is well known in the literature. However, in recent work we demonstrated that Photons can interact with each other in condensed matter through the same mechanism that forms Cooper pairs in superconductors—the exchange of virtual phonons [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 193603 (2017)]. We investigate the energy, momentum and production rate of correlated Stokes–anti-Stokes (SaS) photons in diamond and we show the rate of correlated SaS production depends on the energy shifts of the pair, which in the BCS theory determines whether there should be an attractive or repulsive interaction. With this view, we only observe correlated SaS in the case of attractive interactions [PRB 99, 100503 (2019)]. We also observe that the SaS photons crosses the sample following the same path as the noninteracting laser. Finally, we investigate the polarization of correlated SaS photons, demonstrating that they have mainly the same polarization of the excitation laser. By pump-probe experiments we measure the decay rate of the SaS pair production, evidencing the fundamental difference between the real and virtual phonon exchange processes. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 1:54PM - 2:06PM Live |
F28.00013: Entanglement and classical correlations at the doping-driven Mott transition in the two-dimensional Hubbard model Caitlin Walsh, patrick Sémon, David Poulin, Giovanni Sordi, Andre-Marie Tremblay Entanglement and information are powerful lenses to probe phases transitions in many-body systems. Recent measurements of entanglement-related properties of the Hubbard model using ultracold atoms in optical lattices hint that entanglement could provide the key to understanding open questions of this model. We study the local entropy and the total mutual information across the doping-driven Mott transition in the 2D Hubbard model within plaquette cellular dynamical mean-field theory. We find that these two entanglement-related properties detect the Mott insulating phase, the strongly correlated pseudogap phase, and the metallic phase. Imprinted in the entanglement-related properties we also find the pseudogap to correlated metal first-order transition, its finite temperature critical endpoint, and its supercritical crossovers. Through this footprint we reveal an unexpected interplay of quantum and classical correlations. Our work shows that sharp variation in the entanglement-related properties and not broken symmetry phases characterizes the onset of the pseudogap phase at finite temperature. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 2:06PM - 2:18PM Live |
F28.00014: How to improve the routings of single photons using collective atomic effects in chiral waveguide QED (quantum electrodynamics) ladders? Imran Mirza, Bibandhan Poudyal Single-photon routing plays an important role in quantum networking and quantum communication protocols. In the last five years or so it has been shown that perfect single photons routing can be achieved in the single-atom waveguide QED ladders by using chiral light-matter interactions if spontaneous emission is completely suppressed. However, the inclusion of spontaneous emission drastically reduces the routing efficiency. In this talk, we discuss how collective effects arising due to infinitely long-ranged dipole-dipole interactions (DDI) between quantum emitters can protect the routing from spontaneous emission loss. As an example, we consider a one-dimensional dissipative chain of 30 quantum dots coupled with a chiral nanowire. We show that for the experimentally achievable parameters in this setup the routing efficiency can be enhanced from 58% to 95% under the condition of strong DDI [1]. |
Tuesday, March 16, 2021 2:18PM - 2:30PM On Demand |
F28.00015: Passive controlled-variable phase gate on photonic qubits via cascade emitter David Dai, Derek Wang, Prineha Narang Photonic qubits are promising candidates for enabling a universal quantum computer capable of long-distance network integration because photons offer long coherence times compared to matter-based qubits and light-speed transmission. We propose a scheme to implement a passive, deterministic, and low-footprint C-PHASE gate with arbitrary phase on photonic qubits encoded in the frequency basis. Our gate employs a cascade system with the ground to first excited state interacting with the control photon of a given polarization, and the first to second excited state transition interacting with the target photon of the orthogonal polarization. By controlling the detuning between the target photon and the frequency of the transition between the first and second excited states of the cascade emitter, we enable any controlled-phase operation from 0 to π. We show that the gate can be optimized by tuning the photon lineshapes and the cascade emitter’s transition rates. This gate does not utilize any active control and needs only a single cascade emitter, enabling low-footprint and more efficient decomposition of quantum circuits, especially those rooted in the quantum Fourier transform. |
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