Interfacial contributions to spin-orbit torque and magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers*

The thickness dependence of spin-orbit torque and magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers is studied [1] using the first-principles non-equilibrium Green's function formalism combined with the Anderson disorder model. A systematic expansion in orthogonal vector spherical harmonics is used for the angular dependence of the torque. The damping-like torque in Co/Pt and Co/Au bilayers can be described as a sum of the spin-Hall contribution, which increases with thickness in agreement with the spin-diffusion model, and a comparable interfacial contribution. The magnetoconductance in the plane perpendicular to the current in Co/Pt bilayers is of the order of a conductance quantum per interfacial atom, exceeding the prediction of the spin-Hall model by more than an order of magnitude. This suggests that the "spin-Hall magnetoresistance," similarly to the damping-like torque, has a large interfacial contribution unrelated to the spin-Hall effect.
[1] K. D. Belashchenko, A. A. Kovalev, and M. van Schilfgaarde, arXiv:1908.02680.