Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2020; Denver, Colorado
Session B17: Hybrid Systems - Electro-Optics, Superconductors, & HeliumFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Joseph Kerckhoff, HRL Laboratories Room: 203 |
Monday, March 2, 2020 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
B17.00001: Strong-coupling physics with semiconductor spin qubits Invited Speaker: Jason Petta Electron spins are excellent candidates for solid state quantum computing due to their exceptionally long quantum coherence times, which is a result of weak coupling to environmental degrees of freedom. However, this isolation comes with a cost, as it is difficult to coherently couple two spins in the solid state, especially when they are separated by a large distance. Here we combine a large electric-dipole interaction with spin-orbit coupling to achieve spin-photon coupling. Vacuum Rabi splitting is observed in the cavity transmission as the Zeeman splitting of a single spin is tuned into resonance with the cavity photon. We achieve a spin-photon coupling rate as large as gs/2π = 10 MHz, which exceeds both the cavity decay rate κ/2π = 1.8 MHz and spin dephasing rate γs/2π= 2.4 MHz, firmly anchoring our system in the strong-coupling regime [1]. We next utilize spin-photon coupling to achieve a resonant spin-spin interaction between two spins that are separated by more than 4 mm [2]. An enhanced vacuum Rabi splitting is observed when both spins are tuned into resonance with the cavity, indicative of a coherent spin-spin interaction. Our results demonstrate that microwave-frequency photons can be used as a resource to generate long-range two-qubit gates between spatially separated spins. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B17.00002: Control and readout of superconducting qubits over optical fiber using cryogenic photonic links John Teufel, Franklyn Quinlan, Florent Lecocq, Scott Alan Diddams, Jose Aumentado As superconducting quantum circuits continue to increase in size and complexity, one bottleneck for scaling becomes the large number of microwave signals lines that must connect room temperature electronics to the cryogenic environment of the device. Typical experiments require multiple coaxial cables per qubit, each heavily filtered and attenuated to ensure excess noise will not degrade qubit coherence, gate fidelity or measurement efficiency. An alternative to this brute force method is to use optical fiber and cryogenic high-speed photodetection as an optical-to-microwave converter, capable of generating shot-noise limited microwave signals directly at millikelvin temperatures. Leveraging the low thermal conductivity, low loss and large intrinsic bandwidth of optical fiber would allow for efficient, massively multiplexed delivery of coherent microwave control pulses. In this talk we will present recent experimental progress toward the control and readout of a superconducting qubit using microwave signals transmitted over optical fiber to the ultracryogenic environment (< 20 mK), and show proof of principle results that this novel method can meet the stringent requirements for superconducting quantum information processing. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B17.00003: A Lithium Niobate Electro-Optic Transducer for Quantum Networks Timothy McKenna, Jeremy Witmer, Rishi Patel, Jason F Herrman, Wentao Jiang, Patricio Arrangoiz-Arriola, Edward A Wollack, Raphael Van Laer, Amir Safavi-Naeini
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Monday, March 2, 2020 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B17.00004: Microwave-to-optical transduction in a silicon-organic-hybrid platform Jeremy Witmer, Timothy McKenna, Patricio Arrangoiz-Arriola, Edward A Wollack, Rishi Patel, Raphael Van Laer, Amir Safavi-Naeini In order to realize long distance quantum networks in which superconducting quantum processors are connected by optical fiber links, it is necessary to transduce quantum signals from the microwave domain to the optical domain and vice versa. Here, we present progress towards electro-optic photon conversion using a silicon-organic hybrid photonic platform. Our device uses a high-Q photonic crystal cavity and superconducting microwave resonator to simultaneously confine optical and microwave electric fields. We achieve a room temperature electro-optic tuning rate of 3.7 pm/V and demonstrate microwave-to-optical photon conversion in a milliKelvin dilution fridge environment. Our device provides nearly 10 dB selectivity between the generated Stokes and anti-Stokes sidebands, which we can resolve using a heterodyne spectroscopy technique. Finally, we examine the deleterious effects of quasiparticle generation due to stray light and discuss techniques to mitigate this. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B17.00005: Dispersive sensing of electron tunneling between quantum dots in proximitized InAs nanowires Damaz De Jong, Daan Waardenburg, Nejc Blaznik, Lin Han, Filip Malinowski, Christian Prosko, Jasper Van Veen, Peter Krogstrup, Leo P Kouwenhoven, Wolfgang Pfaff Dispersive gate sensing (DGS) is a powerful technique that has enabled novel ways for probing condensed matter systems and reading out solid-state quantum bits, such as Josephson or spin qubits. DGS has also been proposed for the measurement of topological qubits based on Majorana zero-modes (MZMs). Such a measurement can be realized by detecting parity-dependent electron tunneling through a superconducting island hosting MZMs at its ends. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B17.00006: A gate-tunable, field-compatible fluxonium Marta Pita-Vidal, Arno Bargerbos, Chung-Kai Yang, David J. Van Woerkom, Wolfgang Pfaff, Nadia Haider, Peter Krogstrup, Leo P Kouwenhoven, Gijs De Lange, Angela Kou Hybrid superconducting circuits, which integrate non-superconducting elements into a circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) architecture, expand the possible applications of cQED and provide new insights into mesoscopic superconductivity. Extending the capabilities of hybrid flux-based circuits, which provide access to current-phase relations, to work in magnetic fields would be especially useful both as a probe of spin-polarized Andreev bound states and as a platform for topological qubits. Here, we present a new hybrid circuit: a magnetic-field |
Monday, March 2, 2020 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B17.00007: Dynamics and manipulation of a trapped, superconducting quasiparticle: Part 1/2 Valla Fatemi, Max Hays, Daniël Bouman, Kyle Serniak, Spencer Diamond, Tom Connolly, Gijs De Lange, Peter Krogstrup, Jesper Nygård, Attila Geresdi, Michel H. Devoret The physics of conventional and exotic superconductors can be probed through their microscopic quasiparticle excitations. Recent advances in mesoscopic superconductor-semiconductor devices have created the opportunity to measure and control such excitations, such as Majorana zero modes in a topological superconductor regime. Here, our mesoscopic device is a Josephson element with an InAs nanowire weak link. Due to spin-orbit coupling in the nanowire, the spin states of a single quasiparticle trapped in the junction’s Andreev levels exhibit microwave-accessible energy splittings without an applied magnetic (Zeeman) field. This “superconducting spin” is readily coupled to a microwave resonator via its spin-dependent supercurrent. We will present our experimental platform demonstrating large spin-dependent dispersive shifts of a microwave resonator. We achieve single-shot, quantum-non-demolition readout of the spin as well as coherent manipulation of the quasiparticle state. We will discuss the real-time dynamics of the quasiparticle, which have implications for Majorana devices and Andreev spin qubits. In this first part of a joint presentation, we will present the background, experimental setup, and a theoretical model for our system. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B17.00008: Dynamics and manipulation of a trapped, superconducting quasiparticle: Part 2/2 Max Hays, Valla Fatemi, Daniël Bouman, Kyle Serniak, Spencer Diamond, Tom Connolly, Gijs De Lange, Peter Krogstrup, Jesper Nygård, Attila Geresdi, Michel H. Devoret The physics of conventional and exotic superconductors can be probed through their microscopic quasiparticle excitations. Recent advances in mesoscopic superconductor-semiconductor devices have created the opportunity to measure and control such excitations, such as Majorana zero modes in a topological superconductor regime. Here, our mesoscopic device is a Josephson element with an InAs nanowire weak link. Due to spin-orbit coupling in the nanowire, the spin states of a single quasiparticle trapped in the junction’s Andreev levels exhibit microwave-accessible energy splittings without an applied magnetic (Zeeman) field. This “superconducting spin” is readily coupled to a microwave resonator via its spin-dependent supercurrent. We will present our experimental platform demonstrating large spin-dependent dispersive shifts of a microwave resonator. We achieve single-shot, quantum-non-demolition readout of the spin as well as coherent manipulation of the quasiparticle state. We will discuss the real-time dynamics of the quasiparticle, which have implications for Majorana devices and Andreev spin qubits. In this second part of a joint presentation, we will describe the experimental data and discuss its outlook. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
B17.00009: Resonant phenomena in a microchannel-confined Wigner solid Niyaz Beysengulov, Justin Lane, David G Rees, Kostyantyn Nasyedkin, Taryn V Stefanski, Mark Dykman, Johannes Pollanen Collective excitations of an electron solid on the surface of liquid helium coupled to a bosonic field of surface capillary waves (ripplons) manifest in pronounced radio-frequency (RF) resonances that are detectable via transport. Theses coupled plasmon-ripplon resonances are modified in the presence of strong transversal confinement of the electron system, which can be realized in microchannel devices. We present new experimental results on the resonant response of electrons on helium confined in a single microchannel device and subjected to RF irradiation. The RF excitation causes heating of the electron system, which leads to a weakening of the Bragg-Cherenkov mobility limit. Additionally, we find that the nonlinear electron transport is modulated by the RF driving field and gives rise to a series of new resonant features. The origin of these resonances will be discussed. Understanding of the electron-ripplon dynamics and decoherence mechanisms in these hybrid devices will be essential for quantum information processing with electrons on helium. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
B17.00010: Dynamical coupling of surface acoustic waves to electrons on helium Heejun Byeon, Kostyantyn Nasyedkin, Niyaz Beysengulov, Justin Lane, Baokang Bi, Johannes Pollanen We report on the dynamical coupling between high-frequency piezoelectric surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and a two-dimensional (2D) system of electrons floating on liquid helium. This coupling leads to a reduction in the velocity of the SAW and attenuation of SAW energy, which reflects the high-frequency, wavevector-dependent conductivity of 2D electron sheet. In our device, a piezoelectric substrate incorporates a micro-channel array filled with superfluid helium above which a 2D ensemble of electrons are trapped. Underlying electrodes capacitively couple to the electron system and are used to control the areal density of electrons. Employing pulsed time-of-flight SAW techniques, we measure the attenuation and the velocity shift of SAWs as function of electron density at T = 1.5 K where the electron system is in liquid state. We also present SAW response near the phase transition regime from the electronic liquid to the Wigner crystal. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
B17.00011: Dispersive readout of qubit states: towards realizing spin qubits using electrons on helium ERIKA KAWAKAMI, Asem Elarabi, Denis Konstantinov Electrons on the surface of liquid helium present an extremely clean two-dimensional electron system. Thanks to its cleanness, the quantum states of the electrons on helium are expected to have a long relaxation time, which provides a perfect platform to realize qubits with [1]. In particular, spin states are expected to have an extremely long relaxation time: T2~100s [2]. |
Monday, March 2, 2020 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
B17.00012: Integrating superfluids with superconducting qubit systems Justin Lane, Dian Tan, Niyaz Beysengulov, Kostyantyn Nasyedkin, Evan M Brook, Liangji Zhang, Taryn V Stefanski, Heejun Byeon, Kater Murch, Johannes Pollanen Superfluid helium is an extremely low-loss dielectric, an excellent thermal conductor, and harbors many unique collective excitations, making it an attractive candidate to incorporate into superconducting qubit systems. We controllably immerse a three-dimensional superconducting transmon qubit in superfluid 4He and measure the spectroscopic and coherence properties of the system. We find that the cavity, the qubit, and their coupling are all modified by the superfluid, which we analyze within the framework of circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED). At at temperatures relevant to quantum computing experiments, the energy relaxation time of the qubit is not significantly changed by the presence of the superfluid, while the pure dephasing time modestly increases, which we attribute to improved thermalization of the microwave environment via the superfluid. |
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