Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2019; Boston, Massachusetts
Session B05: General Talks |
Hide Abstracts |
Sponsoring Units: DCMP Room: BCEC 108 |
Monday, March 4, 2019 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B05.00001: Mechanics of Rugby Union Scrums: stability and collective production of force Caroline Cohen, Corentin Reiss, David Quere, Anette E. Hosoi, Christophe Clanet Rugby Union is a contact sport played by two 15-players teams. During scrummaging, two 8-players groups called packs confront each other in a 3-4-1 configuration. The objective of each team is to push the opponent backwards while staying stable. A surprising fact is that there is a loss in collective force produced by the pack : 8 international level players in the pack able to generate together only 75% of the sum of forces produced individually. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B05.00002: Theory of Direction Kaustav B. Arya The law of gravitation indicates that every object of the universe attracts each other.On the other side we determine our earth’s magnetic poles as north and south.The magnestism describes that different poles attract each other.Therefore, the connection points of any two objects always face with different directions(poles) because they have attraction.Otherwise without this principle of nature the system may will be collapsed.So,in this way the author tries to find the procedure of different directions causing the gravitation.This journey propells the path of all moving objects and their neighbour matters in which they create attraction by opposite poles.Before all,the main thing is-the final decision will be relative as the universe is still out of reach fully.Here,mentioned theory will be based on either rotatory or annual motion of the objects or both in space.Finally,the whole method will explain how the gravitation works by opposite directions in space.The research shows that like earth’s magnetic poles north and south it may possible to have poles with the directions west and east in the universe.In this huge universe it is always possible to have such objects which rotate vertically from north to south in their rotatory motion. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B05.00003: Sources of Biconformal Gravity Walter Muhwezi Biconformal gravity is a 2n-dimensional conformal gauge theory with a curvature linear action that has been shown to reproduce scale invariant general relativity on the cotangent bundle of n-dimensional spacetimes. We explore Yang-Mill's sources for biconformal gravity. The questions we seek to clarify are whether the augmented field equations reduce the Yang-Mill's sector to n-dimensional Yang-Mill's theory and yield the appropriate energy momentum tensor as the gravitational source |
Monday, March 4, 2019 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B05.00004: Unification of Gravity and Electromagnetism Mohammed Ali El-Lakany Gravity and electromagnetism are two sides of the same coin, which is the clue of this unification. Gravity and electromagnetism are represented by two mathematical structures, symmetric and antisymmetric respectively. Einstein gravitational field equation is the symmetric mathematical structure. Electrodynamics Lagrangian is three parts, for electromagnetic field, Dirac field and interaction term. The definition of canonical energy momentum tensor was used for each term in Electrodynamics Lagrangian to construct the antisymmetric mathematical structure; symmetric and antisymmetric gravitational field equations are two sides of the same Lagrangian. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B05.00005: The elementary wave hypothesis:
particles follow Schrödinger waves backwards Jeffrey Boyd The authors of a neutron interferometer experiment published in Physical Review in 1992 said that neither they, nor quantum mechanics could not explain their data. It is unusual to find an experiment that QM cannot explain. If we follow that trail of evidence, where does it lead? It leads to the Elementary Wave hypothesis, according to which Schrödinger waves convey probability amplitudes that particles follow backwards. Should we put so much emphasis on one peculiar finding? This hypothesis explains the double slit experiment in a logical and coherent way; something that QM has been unable to do. It indicates that wave function collapse occurs when a particle is emitted, not when it is detected. That profoundly changes the measurement problem. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B05.00006: Aiming Strategies in Shooting Sports Tom Maddalena, Vincent Bacot, Caroline Cohen, Christophe Clanet In shooting sports, champions develop an aiming strategy in order to maximize the precision of their shot. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B05.00007: On the nature of space-time, cosmological inflation, and expansion of the universe. Mathieu Beau We propose to investigate the mechanism of cosmological inflation and expansion through the physical properties of space-time [1]. We demonstrate that a cosmological inflation scenario occurs when the bulk modulus of space-time K=1.64×10109N.m-2, and show that the dark energy density is decreased by a factor of 10122 while the scaling factor expands from 10-60 to 10-32 during a time of the order of 10-42 s. At the end of the presentation, we discuss a microscopic interpretation of the inflation mechanism and future investigations on longitudinal waves. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B05.00008: Gravitational Response of Topological Quantum States of Matter GUODONG JIANG, YingKang Chen, Rudro Biswas There is an active quest to discover new topologically quantized physical properties of topological quantum states of matter, similar to the quantized Hall conductance in quantum Hall states. The motivation is to discover not only new fundamental physics in exotic materials, but also technologically desirable robust physical properties which are unaffected by modest disorder and manufacturing variations. We establish that a novel topological response is found in a wide variety of topological quantum states — we term this the topological gravitational response — and comment on the still-unknown topological physics underlying the quantization of the corresponding response coefficient, the gravitational coupling constant. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B05.00009: Cyber-physical risks of hacked Internet-connected vehicles Skanda Vivek, David B Yanni, Peter Yunker, Jesse L Silverberg The interface of Internet-connectivity and automotive technology promises to dramatically improve transportation. However, with these known benefits come unknown risks, especially since Internet-connected vehicles have become targets for computer hacking. Vehicles, unlike sensitive data, can collide or physically interact when their systems become compromised, and there is a broad class of scenarios generically leading to Internet-connected vehicles being suddenly and simultaneously disabled. Here, we investigate how large-scale hacking affects traffic flow using agent-based simulations, and discover the critical relevance of percolation for predicting outcomes on a multi-lane road. Inspired by this discovery, we develop and validate an analytic percolation-based model to rapidly assess the effect of hacking. We then apply our analytic model to investigate the outcomes on the street network of Manhattan (NY, USA), revealing a latent risk. A small number of disabled vehicles can gridlock the city and substantially reduce access to emergency services. By discovering percolation as the phenomenological driver of city-wide disruption, we simultaneously uncover a strategy for risk-mitigation. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B05.00010: Five dimensional rotating regular black holes and shadow Fazlay Ahmed We present a five-dimensional ($5D$) rotating regular black hole metric, with a deviation parameter $k\geq 0$, that interpolates between the $5D$ Kerr black hole ($k=0$) and $5D$ Kerr-Newman ($r \gg k$), and is an exact solution of general relativity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. Interestingly, for a given value of parameter $k$ there exits a critical value of rotation parameter $a=a_E$ which corresponds to extremal rotating regular black hole with degenerate horizons, while for $a<a_E$, one has non-extremal rotating regular black hole with outer and inner horizons. Owing to the correction factor ($e^{-k/r^2}$), due to nonlinear electrodynamics, the ergoregions and black hole shadows get modified. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
B05.00011: Reconciliation of the Rosen and Laue theories of special relativity in a linear dielectric medium Michael Crenshaw We show that the incompatible Laue and Rosen treatments of special relativity in a dielectric are both correct but have different regimes of applicability. The Laue theory has a fundamental physical basis in Einstein's special relativity and the relativistic velocity sum rule. The Rosen version of dielectric special relativity was derived heuristically. Consequently, the Rosen theory and its consequences are almost completely ignored in the scientific literature and there is little to no discussion about the incompatibility of the two theories of relativity in a dielectric. We derive both versions of relativity using inertial reference frames moving at constant velocity along the interface between a simple linear dielectric medium and the vacuum. We show that the Rosen theory applies to relativistic physics in the interior of a simple linear dielectric medium and the Laue theory is used to relate these physics to a Laboratory Frame of Reference in the vacuum where measurements can be performed. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
B05.00012: A Novel Interpretation of the Lorentz Transformations Armin Nikkhah Shirazi While 'interpretations of a theory' are most commonly associated with quantum mechanics, they can become important in other branches of physics as well. Here we present a novel interpretation of the Lorentz Transformations in which length contraction is re-conceptualized as the abatement of a body's dimensionality, and time dilation as the abatement of its duration of existence within a given coordinate time interval. The re-interpretation of length contraction makes it possible to understand the invariance of the speed of light and the relationship between classical electric and magnetic fields at a deeper level. The re-interpretation of time dilation makes it possible to integrate the heretofore purely philosophical concept of existence into physics. Together, they lead to a recognition of the importance of two invariance principles and two corresponding spacetime symmetries which are under the prevailing paradigm so obvious that it usually goes unnoticed, and thereby set the stage for recognizing new fundamental relationships in other areas of physics, in particular quantum mechanics. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
B05.00013: Synchronization of human network Moti Fridman, Nir Davidson The synchronization of human networks is essential for our civilization and understanding the motivations, behavior, and basic parameters which govern the dynamics of human networks are important for many aspects of our lives. We studied complex human networks in different configurations with full control over the network connectivity, the coupling strength of each connection and the delay between coupled individuals. Our system is based on coupling violin players in different configurations and measuring the synchronization of their phase, period, frequency and volume. In our system, each player is connecting it's violin output to our computer system and has headphones for the input. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
B05.00014: On the origin of kinetic energy in The Physical Universe including the Godforsaken area of turbulence Simon Berkovich There is a popular parable attributed to W. Heisenberg: "When I meet God, I am going to ask him two questions: Why relativity? And why turbulence? I really believe he will have an answer for the first." Answers to diverse problems in physics can be obtained with a Cellular Automaton (CA) Model (see our recent minireview [1], with pertinent references) CA model combines divergent functionalities that otherwise difficult to imagine. The CA generates steady relocating formations - corresponding to the basic stable constituents of the physical world: electrons, protons, photons, and neutrinos, they exist only in continuous motion. Quantum behavior of micro-objects results from the specifics of the CA measurements.. As to macro bodies, they are split into fragments dragged by conflicting velocities. In seismology, this leads to rifts of tectonic plates causing abrupt mechanical impacts. Similar rifts occur in turbulence lamina, although they are far away from cosmic phenomena. Emulated in closed cycles such laminar cracks can lead to extraction of heat from the fragments dragged by of the CA Universe. |
Monday, March 4, 2019 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
B05.00015: Quantum materials research at the upgraded CHESS-U facility: Introducing <QM2 Jacob Ruff The recent CHESS-U project comprised a significant upgrade of the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source. CHESS-U enables running with a single, lowered-emittance 6 GeV positron beam in CESR, and has also funded the construction of 6 new hard x-ray undulator beamlines. One of these is the <QM>2 beamline, dedicated to high-precision studies of quantum materials in reciprocal space. In this talk, I will (i) introduce the <QM>2 beamline; (ii) identify the scientific questions that motivated its construction; (iii) explain the design decisions that enable its function; and (iv) highlight the unique new capabilities that it offers to users in the quantum materials community. |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700