Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2018
Volume 63, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 5–9, 2018; Los Angeles, California
Session C12: Nanostructures and Metamaterials 3Focus Session
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Sponsoring Units: DMP Chair: Justin Caram, Univ of California - Los Angeles Room: LACC 303B |
Monday, March 5, 2018 2:30PM - 3:06PM |
C12.00001: Time-dependent electronic structure methods for plasmon-molecule interactions Invited Speaker: Eugene DePrince Localized surface plasmons can have a profound effect on the properties of nearby molecules. Strong coupling between plasmonic and electronic modes can lead to hybrid states with interesting optical and electronic properties. I will discuss a cavity-quantum-electrodynamics-based approach for modeling plasmon-molecule interactions in which the simple Jaynes-Cummings-type model Hamiltonian is replaced with one in which electronic structure of the molecule is described in a fully ab initio way. The resulting framework can be used to simulate plasmon-molecule interactions at the cost of real-time time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
C12.00002: CNT-Based Architected Metamaterials: Thermo-Mechanical Characteristics Chunyi ZHANG, Abdolhamid Akbarzadeh Shafaroudi, Wei Kang, Jianxiang Wang, Armin Mirabolghasemi This study proposes a novel fcc lattice-like nanotruss with carbon nanotubes and 12-terminal junctions as building blocks. Thermal and mechanical properties of this novel CNT-based architected nanotrusses are systematically predicted and a comparison study is conducted between fcc and sc lattice-like nanotrusses using molecular dynamics simulation. Our findings demonstrate that the fcc lattice-like nanotrusses are lightweight, mechanically robust, and thermally insulative nano-architected metamaterials with high thermal stability and tunable thermo-mechanical properties which are superior to most existing advanced materials. The introduced CNT-based architected metamaterials can be used for applications in aerospace sector, nanoelectronic devices, hydrogen storage, and structurally robust thermal insulators. Our observations shall shed lights on design and manufacturing of next-generation multifunctional metamaterials. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 3:18PM - 3:30PM |
C12.00003: Near-infrared light emission and electronic properties of Au/Si ultrathin hyperbolic metamaterials Mohammed El Hadri, Haoliang Qian, Xiang Wu, Yuxuan Xiao, Zhaowei Liu, Eric Fullerton Silicon-based optoelectronics is an emerging field of research for the development of low cost and energy efficient electronic devices for CMOS-compatible applications. One of these crucial challenges is the fabrication of a Si-based light emitting diode. Indeed, there have been extensive studies on developing an efficient Si-based light source, triggered by the potential of quantum-confined silicon for light emission. On the other hand, hyperbolic metamaterials (HMM) have been used to manipulate and enhance the spontaneous light emission, and thus are prominent candidate for light emitter devices. In this context, we investigate the efficiency of optical emission and transport properties in patterned ultrathin Au/Si HMM multilayers. We achieved an enhanced near-infrared light emission with an efficiency of the order of 0.85%, by taking advantage of the quantum-confinement of Si and the enhancement via surface plasmonic phenomena in the investigated Au/Si multilayers. These findings are in good agreement with our theoretical model based on first-principle calculations. We further show the transport measurements performed in the Au/Si multilayers, demonstrating quantum-size effects in the individual Au layers. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 3:30PM - 3:42PM |
C12.00004: On-chip Integrable Spectrally Uniform Quantum Dot Single Photon Source Array for Scalable Quantum Optical Networks: Study of QD symmetry and Excitonic Structure Jiefei Zhang, Swarnabha Chattaraj, Siyuan Lu, Anupam Madhukar Towards the goal of building scalable on-chip optical networks we have proposed a new paradigm that integrates an array of single quantum dot single photon sources (SPSs) with dielectric light manipulating elements (LMEs) [1] and demonstrated arrays of InGaAs/GaAs mesa top single quantum dot (MTSQD) [1, 2] SPSs with ~80% single photon emission purity up to 77K and an order of magnitude better spectral uniformity [1] than the typical self-assembled island QDs. With planarizing overgrowth, the MTSQD arrays can be readily integrated with LMEs towards interconnected optical networks. In this talk we present power dependent photoluminescence (PL), time resolved PL, and polarization dependent PL studies to reveal the QD excitonic structure and the symmetry of the electron and hole wavefunctions towards the QD-LME integration and demonstration of photon entanglement. The impact of the mesa on the symmetry of the far-field emission pattern is studied using finite element method to assist the assessment of the QD confinement potential symmetry. Work on QD-LME integration is undergoing. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 3:42PM - 3:54PM |
C12.00005: Unraveling excitation energy transfer mechanisms in plasmonic nanoantennas Niranjan Ilawe, Bryan Wong, Maria Oviedo Plasmonic nanoantennas (PNA) have fascinated researchers over the last couple decades, prompting comprehensive theoretical studies on plasmon-mediated excitation energy transfer (EET) processes. While, Forsters resonance energy transfer (FRET) based methods fail for large multi-donor/acceptor assemblies in complex configurations, ab-initio quantum-mechanical methods that go beyond the point-dipole and spectral overlap approximations, are computationally expensive. Here, we describe our use of the density functional tight binding (DFTB) approach and its real-time time-dependent counterpart, RT-TDDFTB, to probe in detail the EET dynamics of PNA systems without recourse to the above approximations. The computational efficiency of DFTB is due to integral approximations arising from the tight-binding approach. We discuss the results obtained by the RT-TDDFTB calculations for a large PNA and reveal a complex interplay of interactions that govern the EET mechanism beyond the single donor/acceptor interactions. We attribute these effects to the exceedingly long-range electrodynamic couplings in plasmonic NPs and corroborate our findings via an analytical system. Most importantly, we provide an intuitive approach to probe in microscopic detail the real-time electron dynamics in large PNAs |
Monday, March 5, 2018 3:54PM - 4:06PM |
C12.00006: Second-harmonic generation via surface plasmon polaritons in a two-wire transmission-line Tzu-Yu Chen, Fan-Cheng Lin, Jer-Shing Huang, Chenbin Huang A completely symmetric plasmonic two-wire transmission-line (TWTL) is experimentally used for ultrafast second-harmonic generation (SHG). We provide clear experimental evidence over SHG using surface plasmon polaritons. Interestingly, regardless of the two potential modes excited at the fundamental frequency, the resulting SHGs are always of the asymmetric mode. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 4:06PM - 4:18PM |
C12.00007: Tunable subnanometer gap plasmonics using 2D superlattices of ligand capped gold nanospheres Dennis Doyle, Nicholas Charipar, Christos Argyropoulos, Scott Trammell, Rafaela Nita, Jawad Naciri, Alberto Pique, Joseph Herzog, Jake Fontana Plasmonic nanoparticles can couple to and confine light below the diffraction limit, resulting in significant enhancement of the fields, leading to the development of many exciting optical properties. To maximize these properties, classical theory predicts the local enhancement becomes infinite as the interparticle gap between the nanoparticles approaches zero, which is physically impossible, therefore breakdown of the field must occur. To investigate this limit, we created centimeter-scale area superlattices from a hexagonally close packed monolayer of gold nanospheres coated with tunable alkanethiol ligand shells using directed assembly. The tunable interparticle gap ranged from 2.8 nm to 0.45 nm. Experimental results reveal the optical response of the superlattices agrees well with classical models, and breakdown of this classical field in the gap due to nonlocal effects is minor. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, we find the effective real part of the refractive index ranges from 1.0 at 555 nm up to 5.0 at 743 nm, sustaining values greater than 3.5 far out into the near infrared. Furthermore, we showed that changing the terminal group and conjugation of these ligands in the superlattice does little to the film’s optical properties. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 4:18PM - 4:30PM |
C12.00008: DNA-Directed Assembly of Gold Nanoparticle Heterodimer Arrays with Well-Controlled Sub-5 nm Gaps Jiajing Li, Tiansong Deng, Xiaoying Liu, Norbert Scherer, Paul Nealey Metal nanoparticle assemblies have been of special interest due to their ability to efficiently localize and magnify incident electromagnetic fields at sub-wavelength scale, and thus are promising candidates for imaging and sensing applications such as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Key to realizing such functional nanostructures is the nanometer-level structural control. Here, we report deterministic construction of gold nanoparticle heterodimer arrays with well-controlled nanogaps, through a combination of top-down lithography and DNA-directed assembly. The precise control of the nanogaps is confirmed by far field scattering measurements on a series of individual dimers. We also demonstrate that the gap size can be further tuned by varying the DNA length. By correlating experimentally measured spectra with simulation results, we determine the gap size to be 4.8 nm and 3.6 nm with sub-nm variance for the two DNA lengths we choose. Additionally, the estimated SERS enhancement factor of these dimers is on the order of 107~108 with high reproducibility, and SERS signals show strong polarization dependence. This scalable platform to construct plasmonic nanostructure arrays with well-controlled nanogaps creates new opportunities for nanophotonic materials. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 4:30PM - 4:42PM |
C12.00009: Deterministic Symmetry Breaking of Low-Dimensional Plasmonic Nanostructures: Assembly and Plasmonic Response Kevin Kohlstedt, Matthew Jones, Matthew O'Brien, Jinsong Wu, Chad Mirkin, George Schatz The physical properties of matter rely fundamentally on the symmetry of constituent building blocks. This is particularly true for structures that interact with light via the collective motion of their conduction electrons (i.e., plasmonic materials), where the observation of exotic optical effects, such as negative refraction and electromagnetically induced transparency, require the coupling of modes that are only present in systems with nontrivial broken symmetries. Lithography has been the predominant fabrication technique for constructing plasmonic metamaterials, including those with broken symmetry. In this work, we show that low-symmetry plasmonic structures can be assembled using DNA as a programmable surface ligand. The optical properties that arise are a result of systematic symmetry breaking and demonstrate the appearance of π-type coupled modes formed from both dipole and quadrupole nanoparticle sources. These results demonstrate the power of solution-phase assembly for generating unusual structures that exhibit both fundamentally insightful and technologically important optical properties. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 4:42PM - 4:54PM |
C12.00010: Effects of Confinement and Optical Response of Ultrathin Plasmonic Films Igor Bondarev, Vladimir Shalaev We study theoretically confinement related effects in the optical response of ultrathin plasmonic films of finite thickness[1]. We start with the Coulomb interaction potential in the confined planar geometry to obtain the conditions for in-plane collective electron (plasma) motion. We show that, while being constant for relatively thick films, the plasma frequency acquires spatial dispersion typical of 2D materials, gradually shifting to the red with the film thickness reduction. The complex-valued dynamical response function shows the red shift of its epsilon-near-zero point, accordingly, with the dissipative loss decreasing at any fixed frequency and rising up at the plasma frequency. This explains recent experiments done on TiN films[2], offering ways to tune spatial dispersion (and so magnetic permeability[3]) and magneto-optical properties of plasmonic films and metasurfaces — not only by varying their material composition but also by controlling their thickness and choosing substrate and superstrate materials appropriately. -- [1]I.V.Bondarev & V.M.Shalaev, Opt. Mater. Expr. 7, 3731 (2017); [2]D.Shah, et al., Adv. Opt. Mater. 1700065 (2017); [3]L.D.Landau & E.M.Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Cont. Media, NY, 1984. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 4:54PM - 5:06PM |
C12.00011: Large-Scale DFT Calculations for the Discovery of Novel Nanotubes Sarah Allec, Niranjan Ilawe, Bryan Wong The extraordinary properties of carbon nanotubes have driven a search for new nanotubes with unique properties. Here we present detailed analyses on the electronic properties of two novel nanotube families, phosphorene and porphyrin nanotubes, from large-scale DFT calculations (up to 1476 atoms and 18,432 orbitals). In the phosphorene nanotubes, we uncover a direct-to-indirect bandgap transition with decreasing nanotube diameter, a property which has direct implications for applications that require either (i) fast charge recombination and high light absorption (i.e., a direct bandgap ) or (ii) slow recombination and large diffusion length (i.e., an indirect bandgap). In the porphyrin nanotubes, we find extremely large oscillations in the bandgap as a function of size, in contradiction to quantum confinement effects (i.e., the bandgap increases with size in several of these nanotubes). As a result of these unusual oscillations, we find that both type I and type II p-n heterojunctions are possible in this single nanotube family. We emphasize that these properties are not present in conventional carbon nanotubes and offer a wide range of tunability for applications in both light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and solar cells. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 5:06PM - 5:18PM |
C12.00012: Surface Plasmon Propagation in Thin Metal Films with Epsilon-Near-Zero Transition Layers Andrii Bozhko, Vladimir Drachev, Arkadii Krokhin The propagation of surface plasmons along metal-dielectric interfaces is studied taking into account the naturally emerging angstrom-sized epsilon-near-zero transition layers at the metal surfaces. Inside the transition layer, a critical point where the dielectric function passes through zero leads to formal divergence of the electric component in a propagating wave, which results in various predicted and observed enhancements in many plasmonic effects and also gives rise to additional collisionless damping of surface plasmon even in an ideal metal. |
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