Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2017
Volume 62, Number 4
Monday–Friday, March 13–17, 2017; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session H30: Magnetism in 2D Materials IFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DMP GMAG Chair: Diana Qiu, University of California, Berkeley Room: 293 |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 2:30PM - 3:06PM |
H30.00001: Symmetry controlled optical and magnetic properties in 2D antiferromagnets Invited Speaker: Di Xiao Layered magnets have emerged as a new focal point in current 2D material research due to the possibility of hosting magnetism in their thin-film limit. In this talk, I will discuss some symmetry controlled properties of 2D antiferromagnets. I will first show that magneto-optic effects can be generated and manipulated by controlling crystal symmetries through a gate voltage in layered collinear antiferromagnets. I will then show that the intrinsic symmetry of honeycomb antiferromagnets also allows a magnon spin Nernst effect. These properties would be useful for novel spintronic devices. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
H30.00002: Ferromagnetism in ultra-thin van der Waals materials Efren Navarro-Moratalla, Bevin Huang, Genevieve Clark, Dahlia Klein, Ran Cheng, Kyle L. Seyler, Emma Schmidgall, Michael A. McGuire, David H. Cobden, Wang Yao, Di Xiao, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, Xiaodong Xu The isolation of atomically-thin crystalline layers with long-range magnetic order would open the door to new prospects in van der Waals heterostructures such as their use in spintronics. Though local magnetic moments may be introduced in 2-D crystals via doping or defect engineering, the vast majority of these materials are intrinsically non-magnetic. The family of the transition metal trihalides is an exception. We use the magneto-optical effect to study few-layer samples of a member in this family: chromium triiodide (CrI3). We will report on our measurements of magnetization and Curie temperature, as well as the determination of the critical behavior and universality class. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 3:18PM - 3:30PM |
H30.00003: Magneto-optical studies on an atomically-thin van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor Bevin Huang, Genevieve Clark, Efren Navarro-Moratalla, Dahlia Klein, Ran Cheng, Kyle Seyler, Emma Schmidgall, Michael McGuire, David Cobden, Wang Yao, Di Xiao, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, Xiaodong Xu The increasing need for computational power and data storage demands novel materials to improve existing technology. Ferromagnetic (FM) semiconductors are promising materials to simultaneously control charge and spin ordering, and provide a method to electrically control spin-active devices. Atomically thin van der Waals materials exhibit a variety of technologically relevant phenomena in a truly two-dimensional platform. Ferromagnetism or FM semiconductivity in 2D materials, however, has yet to be demonstrated. Recent studies suggest the possible existence of 2D FM semiconductors in single-layer chromium trihalides. Here, we discuss our magneto-optical measurements on chromium triiodide (CrI$_{\mathrm{3}})$ to determine its magnetic ordering as a function of layer thickness, magnetic field, and temperature. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 3:30PM - 3:42PM |
H30.00004: Magnetism and proximity effects in layered two-dimensional materials Devashish Gopalan, Sergio de la Barrera, Nathan Drucker, Amanda Haglund, David Mandrus, Benjamin Hunt The versatility of layered van der Waals materials has allowed a study of diverse physical phenomena in the two-dimensional limit. Furthermore, by means of proximity effects, one material can acquire the properties of an adjacent material by bringing them in close contact. Despite these advances, magnetism in van der Waals materials has remained largely unexplored. Chromium silicon tritelluride (CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3}})$ is a layered ferromagnetic semiconductor with a bulk Curie temperature (T$_{\mathrm{c}})$ of 33 K. Therefore, one can conceivably use CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3\thinspace }}$and the proximity effect to introduce long range magnetic order in graphene, which implicitly has a high mobility. Here, we report on progress in assembling mesoscopic devices of CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3\thinspace }}$as well as proximity devices based on graphene/ CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3\thinspace }}$heterostructures. Results from magneto-transport measurements and Kerr microscopy will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 3:42PM - 3:54PM |
H30.00005: Tuning Magnetism by Excessive Cr in Cr$_{\mathrm{1+}}_{x}$Te$_{\mathrm{2}}$ Single Crystals Guixin Cao, Qiang Zhang, Matthias Frontzek, William Phelan, John Ditusa, Rongying Jin Layered transition-metal dichalcogenides exhibit various interesting electronic and magnetic properties. CrTe$_{\mathrm{2}}$ is one of such compounds that is a ferromagnetic (FM) metal below 310 K. We report experimental investigations on the electrical transport and magnetic properties of single-crystalline Cr$_{\mathrm{1+}}_{x}$Te$_{\mathrm{2}}$ with the extra Cr($x=$ 0.16, 0.23) located between the CrTe$_{\mathrm{2}}$ layers. Measurements of magnetization along both the \textit{ab}-plane and $c$-axis indicate that the insertion of Cr between layers switches the easy FM direction from the \textit{ab}-plane to the $c$-axis and lowers Curie temperature, $T_{C}$, when compared to the stoichiometric case ($x=$ 0). Interestingly, both $T_{C\thinspace }$and the electrical conductivity increase with increasing $x$, suggesting a variation of the electronic structure with $x$. This is further confirmed by the low-temperature specific heat, which reveals a larger electronic contribution at higher $x$ [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 3:54PM - 4:06PM |
H30.00006: Intrinsic magnetic behavior in CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3}}$ monolayers Mehrshad Mehboudi, Kyungwha Park, Salvador Barraza-Lopez Intrinsic magnetic two-dimensional semiconductors have great potential in nano-electronics and spintronic devices. In this talk, we investigate CrSiTe$_{\mathrm{3}}$ monolayers, a promising 2D materials which has magnetic behavior according to previous studies [1]. We will verify the magnetic behavior, and complement it with additional results. References: [1] N. Sivadas et al., "Magnetic ground state of semiconducting transition-metal trichalcogenide monolayers," Physical Review B, \quad vol. 91, pp. 235425, 2015. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 4:06PM - 4:18PM |
H30.00007: Cleavable magnetic materials: CrTe$_3$ and CrCl$_3$ Michael McGuire, Jiaqiang Yan, Valentino Cooper, Ovidiu Garlea, Brian Sales Two dimensional magnetic materials are needed for engineering enhanced functionality into van der Waals heterostructures. Here we describe two easily cleavable materials relevant to such research: CrTe$_3$ and CrCl$_3$. Experimental results include the field and temperature dependent crystallographic and magnetic properties and analysis of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering data. CrTe$_3$ contains lozenge shaped Cr$_4$ tetramers and Te$-$Te bonding. We see evidence of strong intra-tetramer exchange as well as significant long range magnetic interactions. CrCl$_3$ is an antiferromagnet (T$_N$ = 17 K) with a honeycomb lattice of Cr. We find that the magnetic order develops in two steps. Due to the low magnetic anisotropy, the 3 Bohr magneton moments on Cr can be fully polarized in any direction with magnetic fields of less than 5 kOe, making this compound particularly interesting for devices incorporating magnetic proximity effects. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 4:18PM - 4:30PM |
H30.00008: Observing the magnetic phase transition in a quasi-2D material: Fe$_{\mathrm{\mathbf{3}}}${GeTe}$_{\mathrm{\mathbf{2}}}$ Zheng Gai, Qiang Zou, Zhiming Wu, Jieyu Yi, Rama Vasudevan, David Mandrus As a quasi-2D magnetic material, Fe$_{\mathrm{3}}$GeTe$_{\mathrm{2}}$ was recently found having an antiferromagnetic ground state at low temperature but showing competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states above 152K. The ferromagnetic ab layers of Fe$_{\mathrm{3}}$GeTe$_{\mathrm{2}}$ actually order antiferromagnetically along the c-axis below 152 K. The complicated phase transitions, the competition between phases and the evolution of the anitiferromagnetic phase were confirmed using in-situ variable temperature magnetic force microscopy. Fe$_{\mathrm{3}}$GeTe$_{\mathrm{2}}$ shares many common features with pnictide superconductors and may be a promising system in which to search f or unconventional superconductivity. This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 4:30PM - 4:42PM |
H30.00009: Magnetism in atomically thin quasi two-dimensional materials: Renormalized spin wave theory Zhenglu Li, Ting Cao, Steven G. Louie In this work, we apply renormalized spin wave theory to the magnetic behavior of atomically thin two-dimensional crystals. We find that magnon-magnon interaction plays an important role in renormalizing the magnetic transition temperature, and the magnetic behavior is largely dependent on the magnetic anisotropy and the thickness of the crystal in the two-dimensional limit. Our method is applicable to general magnetic crystals with input spin interaction parameters mapped out from either ab initio calculations or extracted from experiments. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, and by the National Science Foundation. Computational resources have been provided by NERSC and XSEDE. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 4:42PM - 4:54PM |
H30.00010: Anomalous Hall effect and magnetic orderings in nano-thick V$_{\mathrm{5}}$S$_{\mathrm{8}}$ Jingjing Niu, Qingqing Ji, Baomin Yan, Mingqiang Li, Peng Gao, Zhongfan Liu, Yanfeng Zhang, Dapeng Yu, Xiaosong Wu The rise of graphene marks the advent of two-dimensional atomic crystals, which have exhibited a cornucopia of intriguing properties, such as the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, valley Hall effect, charge density waves and superconductivity, to name a few. Yet, magnetism, a property of extreme importance in both science and technology, remains elusive. There is a paramount need for magnetic two-dimensional crystals. Here we show that nano-thick V$_{\mathrm{5}}$S$_{\mathrm{8}}$ is ferromagnetic at low temperatures. In particular, we employ the anomalous Hall effect, combined with magnetoresistance, to probe the magnetic ordering in V$_{\mathrm{5}}$S$_{\mathrm{8}}$ down to 3.2 nm. With decreasing thickness, a transition from antiferromagnetism to ferromagnetism is evident. The results represents a significant step toward magnetic two-dimensional crystals. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 4:54PM - 5:06PM |
H30.00011: Structural and electronic phase transitions in ferromagnetic monolayer VS$_2$ induced by charge doping NanNan Luo, Chen Si, Whenhui Duan Among the known transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), monolayer VS$_2$ has attracted particular interest because of its intrinsic ferromagnetism and promising applications as a high-performance functional nonomaterial. Here, using first-principles calculations, we study the electronic and structural phase transitions in the monolayer VS$_2$ induced by charge doping. At the ground state, monolayer VS$_2$ is stabilized in the 2H phase, being a bipolar magnetic semiconductor (BMS) whose valence and conduction states near the Fermi level carry opposite spin polarization. With the increase of hole doping concentration, VS$_2$ will first experience an electronic phase transition from a BMS to a half metal, followed by a 2H-to-1T structural phase transition which concomitantly results in another electronic phase transition from the half metal to a normal metal. However, the electron doping can only induce the BMS-to-half metal electronic transition but will not trigger the structural phase transition. The completely different effects of electron and hole doping on the structural phase transition can be well explained by the energy band diagrams of VS$_2$. These results clearly establish the potential for VS$_2$ utilization in innovative phase-change electronic and spintronic devices. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 5:06PM - 5:18PM |
H30.00012: Experimental exploration of magnetism in ultrathin M$_{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{2}}$X$_{\mathrm{6}}$ flakes Cheng Gong, Yang Xia, Wei Bao, Yuan Wang, Xiang Zhang Transition metal phosphorus chalcogenides M$_{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{2}}$X$_{\mathrm{6}}$ (M $=$ Mn, Ni, Fe, etc.; X $=$ S, Se, Te, etc.) constitute a large family of van der Waals materials that possess rich magnetic phases. We systematically studied the magnetic behaviors of ultrathin M$_{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{2}}$X$_{\mathrm{6}}$ flakes. We found that magnetism in thin layers is suppressed, revealing a strong dimensionality effect. Our work unveils the dominant physics that controls the magnetic behavior in vdW layers, which can guide the design of magnetic vdW layers, heterostructures, and superlattics. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 14, 2017 5:18PM - 5:30PM |
H30.00013: Ising-type Magnetic Ordering in few-layer FePS$_{3}$ Jae-Ung Lee, Sungmin Lee, Ji Hoon Ryoo, Soonmin Kang, Tae Yun Kim, Pilkwang Kim, Cheol-Hwan Park, Je-Geun Park, Hyeonsik Cheong Magnetic ordering in two-dimensional materials is important both in fundamental science and application. However, two-dimensional material with intrinsic magnetism has not been investigated much. We present the observation of intrinsic antiferromagnetic ordering in the two-dimensional limit. Transition metal phosphorus trisulfides (MPS3) are a new class of layered materials. Some of the bulk MPS$_{3}$ materials (FePS$_{3}$, MnPS$_{3}$ and NiPS$_{3})$ exhibit antiferromagnetic phase transitions at low temperature. By using mechanical exfoliation, we prepared mono- and few-layer FePS$_{3}$ samples. We monitored the Raman peaks that arise from zone folding due to antiferromagnetic ordering below the transition temperature. We observed an Ising-type antiferromagnetic ordering in FePS$_{3}$ down to the mono-layer. The transition temperature is almost independent of the thickness from bulk to the monolayer with \textasciitilde 118 K. This implies that the interlayer interaction has little effect on the antiferromagnetic ordering in few-layer FePS$_{3}$. [Preview Abstract] |
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