On the Repeatability of Domain Formation and Growth During the Metal-Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Films*

Nanoscale phase coexistence between insulating and metallic domains has been observed in films of vanadium dioxide (VO2) using scattering-type scanning near-field infrared microscopy (s-SNIM). When insulating VO2 transitions to the metallic phase, small regions of the metallic phase first nucleate, and then grow as the metal-insulator transition (MIT) progresses. It is an open question if the patterns of insulating and metallic VO2 in a given scan area are reproducible upon repeated thermal cycling across the MIT. To investigate this matter, we image the same area of a VO2 film with s-SNIM over multiple thermal cycles through the MIT. In this way, we uncover the relative contributions of deterministic and random events occurring at the nanoscale during the progress of the MIT. Our experiments reveal the nature of phase coexistence in VO2 films and the real-space dynamics of the MIT.