Angularly resolved x-ray scattering measurements of shock and ramp compressed polycrysaalline diamond

Direct measurements of the crystal structure of materials under shock and ramp compression can be obtained using 2D angularly resolved x-ray scattering at the MEC end station of the LCLS facility. Diamond has been proposed as an ablator material for inertial confinement fusion targets, requiring a better understanding how the crystal structure responds to dynamic compression. In this experiment we used the two 527 nm optical lasers to compress 25 and 50 $\mu m$ diamond foils. Each beam provided 6 J in 3 ns focused to an intensity of $4 \times 10^{14}$ W/cm${}^2$ with different pulse shapes to provide shock and ramp compression. Compression and lattice deformation measurements were made directly from angularly resolved x-ray scattering and compared to DFT simulations.