Bulletin of the American Physical Society
3rd Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Volume 54, Number 10
Tuesday–Saturday, October 13–17, 2009; Waikoloa, Hawaii
Session LK: Neutrinos III |
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Chair: Tatsushi Shima, Osaka University Room: Queens 5 |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 2:00PM - 2:15PM |
LK.00001: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 2:15PM - 2:30PM |
LK.00002: Study of background origin by data analysis and simulation for CANDLES III Go Ito, Tadafumi Kishimoto, Izumi Ogawa, Saori Umehara, Kensuke Yasuda, Masaki Miyasita, Syuichi Kakubata, Kenji Matsuoka, Ryuta Hazama, Yoichi Tamagawa Neutrinoless double beta decay is sensitive to not only effective neutrino mass but also to confirm Majorana nature of neutrinos. We constructed the CANDLES III detector at sea level and have been studying basic performances of the detector. Its central detector is 200kg CaF$_{2}$ crystals. The performances we studied were energy resolution, background rate, detection efficiency, and so on. In order to study background events we analyzed experimental data and compared with GEANT4 simulation. We are now constructing CANDLES III detector at the Kamioka underground laboratory. I'll report the result of background study at sea level and the current status of construction at underground laboratory. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 2:30PM - 2:45PM |
LK.00003: Study of copper and TeO$_{2}$ contaminations due to radon exposure M. Pedretti, N.D. Scielzo, E.B. Norman, C. Angell The main goal of CUORE experiment is to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{130}$Te, that could give information on the effective Majorana neutrino mass and the nature of the neutrino. The sensitivity of the experiment strongly depends on the radioactive background level that can be reached. CUORE R{\&}D has shown that surface contaminations of detector materials are major contributors to the CUORE background. In this context $^{220}$Rn and $^{222}$Rn, and their daughters, are dangerous isotopes that can cause potential surface contamination of detector elements, like the copper frames and TeO$_{2}$ crystals. We used silicon surface-barrier detectors to study the contamination produced by exposing copper to high radon concentrations and we investigated the diffusion of radon inside the copper. Results of these measurements will be presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 2:45PM - 3:00PM |
LK.00004: Measurements of proton-induced radionuclide production cross sections to evaluate cosmic-ray activation of tellurium E.B. Norman, B.J. Quiter, A.R. Smith, S.A. Wender, R.C. Haight, A.F. Barghouty, C. Broferrio, S. Capelli, M. Clemenza, O. Cremonesi, E. Fiorini, E. Previtali, M. Sisti, S. Cebrian Minimization of radioactive backgrounds is critical for experiments attempting to measure neutrinoless double beta decay. To estimate cosmic ray-induced radionuclide production in the CUORE experiment, we irradiated targets containing natural isotopic composition Te with protons at LANL (0.8 GeV) and at CERN (1.4 and 24 GeV). Targets were counted with high purity germanium detectors after irradiation to determine cross sections for radionuclide production. A large number of radioactive products were observed at each bombarding energy. Results from these measurements will be presented and compared with predictions from the semi-empirical Silberberg and Tsao code. The implications of these results for CUORE will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 3:00PM - 3:15PM |
LK.00005: Development of A Web Toolkit for Calculating $(\alpha,n)$ Induced Neutron Yield and Energy Spectrum Chao Zhang, Dongming Mei Neutrons from $(\alpha, n)$ reactions induced by natural radioactivity are important sources of background for low-background experiments such as direct detection of dark matter and neutrinos. A web toolkit has been built for calculating $(\alpha, n)$ neutron yield and neutron energy spectrum induced by $^{238}U$, $^{232}Th$ and Sm decays in all possible elements or compound. We describe the web toolkit that offers neutron yield and energy spectrum in terms of customized input. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 3:15PM - 3:30PM |
LK.00006: External Background Characterization of Homestake Mine for DUSEL Keenan Thomas, Dongming Mei, Frederick Gray, Chao Zhang The Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota has been selected as the site for the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL). The former gold mine will provide ample underground facilities for low background experiments such as the detection of neutrinos and dark matter. Although the earth overburden provides shielding of cosmic rays, there are still sources of external background underground that are of concern to early experiments while the mine is in the initial stages of renovation. The goal of this project is to measure sources of external background underground including muons, neutrons, gamma-rays, and radon concentrations in the air. The information produced by these measurements is of use for future experiments in the design of shielding and infrastructure such as ventilation systems for radon removal. This paper will report the results regarding muon flux, neutron flux, gamma-ray flux, as well as radon at the different levels. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 3:30PM - 3:45PM |
LK.00007: Measuring Muon-Induced Processes at Homestake Patrick Davis, Dongming Mei, Brian Woltman, Chao Zhang Muon-induced processes are important background to the low background experiments in searching for rare event physics such as neutrinoless double-beta decay, dark matter, and neutrino oscillation. Measuring muon-induced processes including muon- induced fast neutrons and negative muon capture on different nucleus are critical to the next generation ultra-low background experiments. A R\&D program has been carried out in studying the design of the detector array to measure the muon- induced fast neutron yield, energy spectrum, multiplicity, and angular distribution with different targets. This detector array is also optimized to measure the stopping muon flux underground. We report preliminary results from the R\&D study. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 3:45PM - 4:00PM |
LK.00008: Center for Ultra-Low Background Experiments at DUSEL (CUBED) Dongming Mei, Christina Keller With the selection of Homestake as the site for DUSEL, the state of South Dakota has sought ways to engage its faculty and students in activities planned for DUSEL. One such effort is the creation of a 2010 Research Center focused on ultra-low background experiments or a Center for Ultra-low Background Experiments at DUSEL (CUBED), which provides support for South Dakota scientists to continue participation in large experiments searching for rare and difficult to detect phenomena such as neutrinoless double-beta decay and dark matter. The CUBED focus is on material purification and crystal growth underground for ultra-low background experiments, to minimize the amount of cosmogenic isotopes such as $^{3}$T, $^ {68}$Ge, and $^{60}$Co, which one finds in surface-produced enriched $^{76}$Ge or natural germanium crystals, and which limit the sensitivity of next generation double-beta decay/dark matter experiments. Purification and crystal growth performed underground avoids cosmogenic contamination that can occur if the crystals reside on the surface for as little as a week. We will provide an update on the progress made in developing underground capabilities for material purification and crystal growth. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 17, 2009 4:00PM - 4:15PM |
LK.00009: CdWO$_{4}$/CsI and APDs for Low Background Experiments Douglas Dailey, Alyssa Day, Keenan Thomas, Dongming Mei, Yongchen Sun Large Area Avalanche Photodiodes (LAAPDs) serve many functions in modern science. CdWO$_{4}$ crystals enable us to detect both neutrinoless double beta decay and geo-neutrinos. CsI crystals can be used to directly detect dark matter. In our study, we will use two APDs coupled to CsI and CdWO$_{4}$ crystals to study neutrons and gamma ray responses. We will report some preliminary results on the discrimination of neutrons and gamma rays. Efforts on stabilizing the temperature and gain will also be described. [Preview Abstract] |
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