Bulletin of the American Physical Society
76th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference
Volume 68, Number 9
Monday–Friday, October 9–13, 2023; Michigan League, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Session GR1: Magnetized and Thermal Plasmas |
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Chair: Denis Eremin, Ruhr University Bochum Room: Michigan League, Henderson |
Thursday, October 12, 2023 8:00AM - 8:15AM |
GR1.00001: Experimental and theoretical evaluation on triple thermal plasma pyrolysis of methane to hydrogen and solid carbon Yonghee Lee, Jeong-Hwan Oh, Sooseok Choi The plasma pyrolysis of methane is notable technology to produce hydrogen because the thermal plasma is a flexible energy source and appropriate for the endothermic process [1]. Among various thermal plasma sources, direct current (DC) thermal plasma has a strong turbulent flow allowing starting materials to enhance mixing with plasma. The triple thermal plasma process has been applied for nanomaterial synthesis and exhibited the advantages notably [2]. Y. H. Lee et al. [3] applied the triple thermal plasma to the pyrolysis of methane and indicated the remarkable performance by comparing it with other DC thermal plasma processes. Nevertheless, it was insufficient to analyze the methane conversion mechanism. In addition, a large amount of acetylene was produced, causing the efficiency of hydrogen production to be reduced. For this reason, the process must be evaluated and optimized using various analysis methods. Therefore, this work evaluated the triple thermal plasma pyrolysis of methane to hydrogen and solid carbon by employing experimental and theoretical works. The conversion rate of methane and selectivities of each product were analyzed by varying the methane flow rate at a fixed power supply of approximately 30 kW, and the specific energy requirement (SER) per 1 kg of hydrogen was estimated to find the optimized condition. Furthermore, the thermal flow in the reactor with plasma was estimated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Fluent (Ver. 2019 R2) by ANSYS Inc. The calculated temperature and velocity distributions were employed to theoretically understand the methane conversion mechanism. In addition, the energy balance was analyzed to find the optimized condition. |
Thursday, October 12, 2023 8:15AM - 8:30AM |
GR1.00002: Experimental study on arcing initiation mechanism based on electric current and optical emission measurement in a capacitively coupled plasma SiJun Kim, Chulhee Cho, Minsu Choi, Youngseok Lee, Inho Seong, Wonnyoung Jeong, Byeongyeop Choi, Youbin Seol, Sanghoo Park, Daewoong Kim, Shinjae You Arcing has attracted great interest in both industrial and academic fields for over 120 years, as it induces severe damage to the material surface regardless of the materials involved and originates from multi-dimensional scale dynamics. However, its mechanism, especially under a moderate-density (1009–1011 cm-3) plasma environment, has yet to be fully understood. This presentation provides an experimental study on the initiation mechanism generated on an arcing-inducing probe under a radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasma environment. We employed multi-diagnostic methods, including voltage/current probes, an ultra-high-speed camera, and an optical emission spectrometer. We found that the light emission from the arcing spot corresponds to the arcing current induced by thermofield electron emission. Furthermore, metal evaporators were observed in the optical emission spectra, indicating a high temperature on the arcing spot sufficient for vaporization. Based on these findings, we reveal that ionization collisions between emitted electrons and evaporated atoms initiate an electron avalanche near the emission spot, leading to the initiation of arcing. |
Thursday, October 12, 2023 8:30AM - 8:45AM |
GR1.00003: Experimental determination of the electron energy anisotropy inside an electron-driven magnetic nozzle thruster Federico Boni, Victor Désangles, Julien Jarrige Electrodeless electron-driven magnetic nozzle (ed-MN) thrusters are an interesting alternative to more widespread electric propulsion technologies, such as gridded ion thrusters or Hall effect thrusters, due to their ability to generate thrust without relying on accelerating grids or cathode neutralizers, thus potentially reducing erosion and poisoning issues, especially when used with alternative propellants such as iodine or air. |
Thursday, October 12, 2023 8:45AM - 9:00AM |
GR1.00004: Scramjet engine ignition by ns aperiodic discharge Andrey Starikovskiy, Yiguang Ju, Michael Klassen Numerous attempts have been made to improve the combustion characteristics with the help of electrical discharges. In particular, ignition of the fuel in the cavity was initiated and stabilized using standard aviation spark plugs based on a sliding spark. all existing solutions for ignition systems have significant drawbacks that limit the effectiveness of their use for hypersonic systems. This is mainly due to conflicting requirements for such an ignition system. It must work stably both at moderate and at very high gas velocities; it should provide effective ignition both at low temperatures and at temperatures close to the self-ignition threshold; finally, it must have low energy consumption. The solution proposed in this paper is a high-voltage NS aperiodic discharge. The feature of the discharge is the generation of high-frequency, low-amplitude NS pulses in combination with low-frequency, high-amplitude pulses to initiate the discharge. We use the pulses of alternating polarity to increase the potential difference between the residual space charge and high-voltage electrode and to facilitate the discharge start and propagation. Because of the combined excitation with two different types of high-voltage pulses the total energy consumption for the system operation is relatively low and could be estimated as P = 5-10 kW for 1000 cm3 ignition volume for a core of a supersonic gas flow. |
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