Numerical modeling on the dynamic behavior of immune cells*

Leukocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) are responsible for extremely effective immune functions in the human body. Each leukocyte has a dynamic behavior such as the ability to autonomously find bacteria (migration) and capture and sterilize them (phagocytosis), and they kill bacteria that invade the body in groups. The wound healing effect of low-temperature plasma is one that was recognized from a relatively early time. Plasma exposure to the affected area shortens the time required for healing. It has been suggested that this is mainly due to the bactericidal effect of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generated by plasma exposure. While recently, it has also been suggested that plasma can affect the behavior of immune cells, the effect of plasma on the process of colonial leukocyte bactericidal action is still unknown. In addition, no attempt has yet been made to elucidate this event through mathematical modeling. Here, we develop a time-dependent two-dimensional mathematical model to simulate the most basic functions of immune cells, i.e. migration and phagocytosis. As a primary stage, this model describes the dynamic behavior of leukocyte bactericidal action, in which neutrophils and macrophages play important roles as innate immunity (cell-mediated immunity) agents.