Bio-mechanical Modeling and Analysis of Knee Joints Affected by Kyphosis Using Computational and Physical Calculations

The physical and computational analysis can be used in cases where determining the clinical condition of patients is not easy. Kyphosis is one of the most well known disorders that elders suffer from the deformed thoracic vertebra causing incorrect postures and changing the center of mass of the body forward.

 In this paper, the effect of aging kyphosis on the patient 's use of stairs was experimentally investigated, and the most comfortable physical factors for kyphosis patients were suggested. Also, the effect of kyphosis on kinematics of knee joints and legs has been computationally performed. Using the free body of diagram of forces acting on the knee during loading and walking, bio-mechanical model depicting knee joint kinematics has been studied. Moment equilibrium and force equilibrium are also considered.

 Based on the fact that magnitude of the joint reaction force on knee joints can reach several times the body weight, the stability analysis of the knee and lower leg bone has been studied. This research includes two procedures: Study of mathematical modeling of the lower leg using bio-mechanics, and the development of mechanical analysis of the tibial bone.