3D morphology of the hot spot and shell of warm ICF implosions at OMEGA*

The 3D morphology of the hot spot and surrounding high-density shell of warm implosions at OMEGA have been measured using knock-on deuteron imaging (KODI). Data is presented from experiments in which several absolutely co-aligned penumbral images of knock-on deuterons were obtained in three nearly orthogonal directions. The KODI technique utilizes the fact that neutrons from DT-fusion reactions in the central hot spot of an ICF implosion elastically scatter deuterons as they transit the surrounding material. The energy of these knock-on deuterons depends on the scattering angle, which means that energy-resolving knock-on deuteron images provides information about different parts of the implosion. The most energetic knock-on deuterons are forward-scattered and probe the shape of the central hot spot, whereas lower-energy knock-on deuterons are made by side-scattering or ranging in the shell and carry information about the dense shell around the hot spot. These measurements provide new insights into the causes and effects of low-mode asymmetries in ICF implosions.