Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Fall 2022 Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics
Volume 67, Number 17
Thursday–Sunday, October 27–30, 2022; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA; New Orleans, Louisiana
Session MD: Neutrinos II: Neutrino Mass II and Neutrino Scattering |
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Chair: Elise Novitski, University of Washington Room: Hyatt Regency Hotel Celestin B |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 8:30AM - 8:42AM |
MD.00001: Atomic hydrogen beam characterization for the Project 8 neutrino mass experiment Larisa Thorne There have been significant gains in characterizing neutrino properties in recent decades, however the absolute neutrino mass scale continues to be elusive. The Project 8 experiment seeks to probe this property directly via kinematic analysis of tritium beta decay in the endpoint region, where the spectral shape is most sensitive to distortions from a non-zero neutrino mass. This measurement is achieved using the cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) technique, a novel frequency-based approach. In order to achieve a design sensitivity of 40meV on the neutrino mass, it is vital to develop an atomic tritium source. This will allow Project 8 to avoid the smearing effect due to final states, which plagues experiments using molecular tritium. As a first step towards achieving this goal, an atomic hydrogen test stand has been developed. This test stand utilizes a thermal cracker to generate an atomic hydrogen beam with flows ranging 4 orders of magnitude, up to 20sccm. Characterization of this atomic hydrogen beam, as well as an analysis of the temperature-dependent dissociation efficiency, will be presented here. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 8:42AM - 8:54AM |
MD.00002: Antenna Arrays for Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy in Project 8 Pranava Teja Surukuchi Venkata The Project 8 experiment is designed to directly measure the electron-weighted neutrino mass using the novel technique of Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) in beta decay. One approach uses arrays of radio-frequency antennas. Detailed simulations of the antenna response to CRES electrons have been developed and are being validated with measurements as a benchmark for Project 8 and other applications. This presentation will describe the design aspects of antenna arrays for the detection of CRES. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 8:54AM - 9:06AM |
MD.00003: Characterizing Waveguide Antennas for Project 8 Jeremy Gaison The Project 8 collaboration is pioneering the technique of Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) and aims to probe the absolute mass scale of the electron antineutrino down to 40 meV. One strategy towards this goal utilizes a ring of waveguide antennas surrounding a detector volume of interest. The antennas measure CRES events around the endpoint region of the beta decay of atomic tritium. Benchtop measurements are performed at room temperature using a full ring of antennas and a source of synthetic CRES signatures. These measurements help characterize a scalable detector prototype and serve to benchmark the technological requirements for both antenna and cavity-based approaches to CRES detectors. In this talk, I will present the status of the measurements to characterize the antenna-based approach for the Project 8 neutrino mass experiment. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 9:06AM - 9:18AM |
MD.00004: Resonant Cavity Development for the Project 8 Neutrino Mass Experiment Juliana Stachurska Project 8 is a next generation experiment aiming to directly measure the neutrino mass using the tritium endpoint method with a targeted sensitivity of 40~meV. Having established a new measurement technique, Cyclotron Radiation Electron Spectroscopy (CRES), the next development phase will demonstrate CRES on a large source volume, culminating in a pilot-scale CRES experiment with atomic tritium. One possibility involves a mode-filtered, cylindrical, resonant cavity in which cyclotron radiation signals from magnetically trapped beta electrons only couple to the lowest eigenmode, maximizing effective volume and minimizing signal complexity. We will show studies of mode-filtered resonant cavities and progress in the design of a small scale cavity CRES proof-of-concept apparatus, which will demonstrate scalability of CRES to large volumes. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 9:18AM - 9:30AM |
MD.00005: Welcoming A New Era of Precision Neutrino Physics with Bubble Chambers Bryan J Ramson Neutrino cross sections are a critical ingredient in all experiments that depend on neutrino scattering to infer neutrino properties, including current and future long-baseline oscillation experiments like NOvA, T2K, DUNE, and Hyper-K. Cross section extractions from world data currently have a broad uncertainty of at least 5%, however, an opportunity exists to reduce this uncertainty by producing more neutrino-nucleon scattering data with light nuclear targets. Bubble chambers are ideal for measuring neutrino scattering on such targets, as previous iterations could support tons of liquid hydrogen, but the most recent device designed for use with an accelerator neutrino source is at least fifty years old. A new bubble chamber design that focuses on light nuclear targets could use recent advancements in the technology pioneered by dark matter experiments to emphasize smaller more modular devices that could be deployed to all active neutrino beamlines. This talk will review the exceptionally broad physics program of a new device with light nuclear targets including the statistics of contributions to world cross-section data, an indirect measurement of the mass of the W-boson a la the NuTev Experiment, contributions to nucleon structure, and the complementarity of future neutrino scattering experiments to the physics program of the Electron-Ion Collider. It will briefly cover the strategy of a new bubble chamber development project using R&D funds at Fermilab. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 9:30AM - 9:42AM |
MD.00006: Status of CEvNS on LAr from the COHERENT Collaboration Bo Johnson Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) is a neutral current interaction first observed by the COHERENT Collaboration in 2017 using CsI(Na). A follow-up measurement was made in 2020 with a single-phase 24 kg liquid argon (LAr) detector, consistent with the predicted N^2 dependence of the CEvNS interaction cross section. Precise measurements of the CEvNS cross section allow for constraints on nonstandard neutrino-quark interactions, determination of the weak nuclear radius, and tests of sub-GeV models of dark matter. Current efforts to develop a 750 kg LAr detector will be presented, which will allow for low-threshold CEvNS measurements and provide sensitivity to inelastic charged current and neutral current interactions. An update on the analysis from a larger data set by the 24 kg detector will also be discussed. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 9:42AM - 9:54AM |
MD.00007: Quantum-based amplification and multiplexing for the Ricochet Coherent Neutrino Scattering Experiment Wouter Van De Pontseele, Jiatong Yang, Mingyu Li, Joseph A Formaggio, Jennifer Wang Readout of low-intensity microwave signals over a wide bandwidth has become increasingly important for fundamental science. The high frequency allows high information transfer, which is ideal for multiplexing detectors and reducing low-frequency noise. |
Sunday, October 30, 2022 9:54AM - 10:06AM |
MD.00008: Background Radiation Characterization at HFIR for Future Neutrino Experiments BLAINE HEFFRON A series of measurements were performed using a collimated Germanium detector at ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) in order to understand the spatial variation of the gamma field. Simulations were performed to characterize the Ge detector's energy response and efficiency. Additionally, the detector was placed inside of a layered shielding package to determine the extent by which passive shielding can reduce gamma and neutron backgrounds in the experiment hall relevant for possible CEvNS measurements. The results from these two studies are presented in this talk, along with strategies for gamma and neutron mitigation relevant for future neutrino experiments. |
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