Effect of drop oscillations on the drop splash*

The dynamics of a liquid drop impact on a liquid surface is studied experimentally on deep water by using high speed imaging and particle image velocimetry techniques. This study has provided deeper understanding of the effect of drop shapes on the fully developed splashing. Based on the experimental observations, it can be concluded that the liquid drop after impact with the target liquid, the kinetic energy possessed by the impinging drop divides between the drop and the target. Prolate drop, after the impact on the free surface of water, distributes kinetic energy more in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. Oblate drop, after the impact on the free water surface, distributes kinetic energy more in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction, and spherical drop distributes it almost symmetrically. This uneven distribution of transferred kinetic energy from the drop to the target liquid is possibly the reason for variations in the various features observed in crown, cavity, and jets for different drop shapes at the time of impact. Such as crown shape, cavity shape and size, and maximum jet height. Prolate drop at the time of impact gives rise to unevenly expanded unsymmetrical thick crown, oblate drop at the time of impact gives rise to unevenly expanded unsymmetrical thin crown and spherical drop at the time of impact gives rise to symmetrically expanded crown. The maximum cavity depth for the prolate drop impact is greater than the maximum cavity depth for the oblate drop impact, and the maximum depth of cavity for the spherical drop impact is almost equal to that for prolate drop impact, and the radius of cavity for the spherical drop impact is greater than the cavity radius for both prolate and oblate drop impacts. Prolate drop at the time of impact gives rise to longer jets than the jets formed due to oblate and spherical drop at the time of impact. Oblate drop at the time of impact gives rise to the smallest jets. It is also found that the velocity field around the cavity is majorly influenced by the drop shapes at the time of impact.