'Cool' Coatings: Turning the Sticky to Slippery*

Nature inspired synthetic materials engineered to repel solid foulants on functional surfaces are lucrative for widespread real-world usage. To address the ‘sticky’ problems of our quotidian lives, we have explored novel material design strategies aimed at curbing the accretion of different types of solid contaminants, ranging from common hard foulants like ice to soft foulants including bacteria. The feat is achieved through the incorporation of a cryoprotectant phase switching liquid in a polymeric matrix, resulting in the formation of a family of hygro-responsive coatings capable of generating a slippery surface hydration layer which inhibits direct contact of the foulants with the underlying substrate. This empowers the coatings with fascinating functionalities like optical transparency, anti-icing/frosting, ice-shedding properties, in situ interfacial deicing, potential for ambient water vapor harvesting, prevent biofilm growth and ability to self-repair upon being physically damaged. Additionally, this bottom-up design approach involves use of only bio-friendly materials which have a low environmental footprint. It is envisioned that with this versatile portfolio of high impact applications these designer surfaces will find commercial usage in a broad spectrum of modern industries.