Augment high-resolution-impedance-manometry using biophysical analysis and model*

Using biophysical analysis, we first evolved high-resolution-impedance-manometry (HRIM) into a 4 dimensional construct that allows one to assess the relationship between esophageal wall shape and bolus transit during swallowing. This provides 3D lumen morphology concurrent with pressure and signifies how the bolus transit pattern is modulated by contraction waves. It also extends previous bolus-retention analysis based on impedance change to direct visualization of evolution of bolus volume. Related results from normal and abnormal cases were compared. Furthermore, using our previously developed constraint-based immersed-boundary method, we developed a bio-mechanical model that augments the morphology data of HRIM. This augmented model enabled us to predict esophageal wall properties and flow characteristics. Results on the flow field and wall tension based on this augmented model were presented and discussed.