Bulletin of the American Physical Society
54th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 68, Number 7
Monday–Friday, June 5–9, 2023; Spokane, Washington
Session M08: Quantum Gases in Reduced Dimensions |
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Chair: David Weiss, Penn State University Room: 206 C |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
M08.00001: Relaxation dynamics of a two-dimensional Bose gas Martin Gazo, Andrey Karailiev, Tanish Satoor, Nishant Dogra, Maciej Galka, Zoran Hadzibabic Quantum many-body systems out of equilibrium are notoriously hard to treat theoretically. In past years it has been suggested that in certain scenarios the relaxation dynamics of such isolated many-body systems exhibit self-similar spatiotemporal scaling as they approach a non-thermal fixed point. So far, self-similar relaxation dynamics were observed with quasi-1D gases and with 3D gases; here we report the first such observation in a box-trapped 2D Bose gas. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
M08.00002: Quantum Simulation of a One-Dimensional Luther-Emery Liquid Aashish Kafle, Ruwan Senaratne, Danyel Cavazos-Cavazos, Xiwen Guan, Han Pu, Randy Hulet We investigate the one-dimensional behavior of attractively interacting spin-1/2 fermions in optical lattices. With repulsive interactions, the continuum model as described by the Tomonaga-Luttinger theory has low energy excitations characterized by bosonic charge and spin excitations that propagate with different velocities. With attractive interaction, however, one expects pairing that leads to a gap in the spin sector, thus inducing a decay in the spin correlations- as explained by the Luther-Emery theory. We use a 2D optical lattice to realize an array of quasi-1D tubes. The tubes contain a pseudo-spin-1/2 system consisting of the lowest and third-to-lowest hyperfine sublevels of 6Li. We tune the interspecies interactions with a magnetic Feshbach resonance and use radiofrequency (RF) spectroscopy to probe dimer formation in the attractively interacting liquid. Furthermore, we implement Bragg spectroscopy to obtain low-energy excitation spectra for the charge and spin modes. Our work aims to better understand the equivalent of the “BCS-BEC crossover” in 1D. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
M08.00003: Spontaneous formation of ring dark solitons and vortex dipole necklaces in a two-dimensional atomic superfluid Hikaru Tamura, Sambit Banerjee, Cheng-An Chen, Chen-Lung Hung Unveiling non-equilibrium dynamics of a nonlinear medium is a current frontier across diverse fields. Two-dimensional (2D) quantum gas in an arbitrarily painted box potential offers a versatile platform for studying microscopic details of nonlinear phenomena, ranging from patterned defect formations at repulsive interactions to fragmentation and collapse occurring under attractive interactions. In this talk, we will present the observation of spontaneous defect formation in a 2D superfluid in a circular box. By quenching either the repulsive interaction strength or the confining box potential, we observe ring dark solitons emerging from the edge and their transverse instability at discrete azimuthal angles, resulting in a patterned formation of vortex dipole necklaces. Through collisions of the vortex dipoles with the box trap, we observe vortex unbinding, vortex pinning to the edge, and emission of rarefaction pulses. Our realization of ordered vortices with alternating charges potentially opens a doorway to study a variety of many-body dynamics, including persistent revivals and clusterization of vortex dipoles, which do not occur in disordered vortex matter.
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Wednesday, June 7, 2023 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
M08.00004: Observation of wave collapse in a two-dimensional Bose gas Tanish Satoor, Andrey Karailiev, Martin Gazo, Nishant Dogra, Maciej Galka, Zoran Hadzibabic Degenerate Bose gases can become unstable for attractive two-body interactions, leading to the process of wave collapse, as described by the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The stability depends on competition between the kinetic and interaction energies, and on the system's dimensionality. In three dimensions, the gas is always prone to collapse, while in one-dimension, it remains stable and supports soliton solutions. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
M08.00005: Rapidity and momentum distributions of 1D dipolar quantum gases Zhendong Zhang, Kuan-Yu Li, Yicheng Zhang, Kangning Yang, Kuan-Yu Lin, Sarang Gopalakrishnan, Marcos Rigol, Benjamin L Lev We explore the effect of tunable integrability breaking dipole-dipole interactions in the equilibrium states of highly magnetic 1D Bose gases of dysprosium at low temperatures, using measurements of rapidity and momentum distributions. In the strongly correlated Tonks-Girardeau regime, those distributions are nearly unaffected by the dipolar interactions. This suggests that bare quasiparticles can be used to characterize that regime. By contrast, decreasing the strength of the contact interactions results in higher 1D densities and stronger dipolar interactions, which produce significant changes of the rapidity and momentum distributions. This indicates that the dressing of the quasiparticles needs to be accounted for to characterize that regime. We show that modeling the system as an array of 1D gases with only contact interactions, dressed with the contribution of the short-range part of the dipolar interactions, captures the main experimental observations. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
M08.00006: Confinement in a mixed-dimensional XXZ model Matjaz Kebric, Ulrich Schollwöck, Annabelle Bohrdt, Fabian Grusdt We present our latest results on a mixed-dimensional XXZ model where one-dimensional XXZ chains are coupled through a simple Ising interaction. Our study is motivated by the progress in cold atom experiments, where such models can be readily simulated. We study the ground state phase diagrams of the mixed-dimensional XXZ model at zero and non-zero magnetization by using DMRG calculations where long-distance correlations are easily accessible. In addition, we also consider finite temperature calculations of the mixed-dimensional model and quenching the system from ordered to disordered regime. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
M08.00007: Mixed Bubbles in a one-dimensional Bose-Bose mixture Philipp Stuermer, Stephanie M Reimann, Mikael Nilsson Tengstrand We investigate a Bose-Bose mixture across the miscible-immiscible phase transition governed by quantum fluctuations in one dimension. We find the recently predicted so-called mixed bubbles as ground states close to the mean-field miscible-immiscible threshold. These bubbles form a pocket of miscibility, separated by one of the components. The collective excitations reflect the symmetry breaking resulting from the bubble formation. The partial miscibility of the system allows for persistent currents in an annular confinement. Intriguingly, the mixed bubble acts like an intrinsic weak link, connecting the rotational behavior of the mixed bubble state to current efforts in atomtronic applications. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
M08.00008: Associating emergent s-wave dimers along strongly confined directions of a spin-polarized Fermi gas Kevin G. S. Xie, Kenneth G Jackson, Colin J Dale, Jeffrey Maki, Shizhong Zhang, Joseph H Thywissen Scattering channels activated with orbital degrees of freedom provide new routes for exploring few- and many-body phenomena. Here, we prepare orbitally excited systems of spin-polarized fermionic potassium (40K) in quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) confinement near a p-wave Feshbach resonance. Although interactions have three-dimensional p-wave symmetry at short range, orbital singlet wave functions in the confinement direction allow effective s-wave scattering in the quasi-2D plane. |
Wednesday, June 7, 2023 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
M08.00009: Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a Rabi-coupled binary Bose mixture Koichiro Furutani, Andrea Perali, Luca Salasnich We discuss the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition in a 2D binary Bose mixture with a Rabi coupling under balanced densities. BKT transition is a transition originating from unbindings of vortex-antivortex pairs in 2D systems such as a 2D Bose gas. In contrast to single-component Bose superfluids, a Monte Carlo simulation of a binary Bose mixture suggests distinct vortex excitations responsible for the BKT transition in the presence of a Rabi coupling. We include the effects of the distinct topological excitations to perform the renormalization group analysis of the binary Bose mixture with a Rabi coupling. Adopting the Nelson-Kosterlitz renormalization group approach, we clarify the dependence of the BKT transition temperature on the Rabi coupling and the inter-component interaction strength. In particular, we find an amplification of the BKT transition temperature with a strong Rabi coupling due to a large gap in one branch of the elementary excitations. We also find that the Rabi coupling suppresses a quasicrossing behavior of the first sound and second sound modes in the low-temperature regime. It indicates that, in contrast to a single-component Bose superfluid, the second sound is detectable by a density probe in the low-temperature regime, which can be tested experimentally. |
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