Laser Wavefront Metrology using Point Source Atom Interferometry with 3-D imaging reconstruction

In atom interferometry, position dependent wavefront aberrations from the atom optics laser beam can induce phase shifts in the atom cloud and result in major systematic phase shift errors and dephasing.

An atomic cloud that expands from a point source (point source interferometry) can sample the aberrated transverse laser wavefront profile, by establishing a position-velocity correlation, where velocity-dependent phase shifts, which encode information about the wavefront, are therefore mapped onto a spatial interference pattern. Wavefront aberrations can be characterized by measuring this spatial interference. The atom cloud is imaged from multi-viewing angles and 3-D reconstruction is implemented using a differentiable ray-tracing simulator in conjunction with methods from modern neural rendering. We will introduce a protocol for machine learning enhanced wavefront metrology using point-source atom interferometry and discuss progress toward its experimental implementation.