Dynamical generation of skyrmion spin texture in a ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate

In this talk, we present an experimental demonstration of generating skyrmions in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The process begins by preparing a single magnetic domain wall in the easy-axis ferromagnetic phase. We then imprint the spin current onto the domain wall using a magnetic field gradient. When the spin current exceeds a critical value, a flutter-finger pattern of domain wall waves is observed, which can lead to the formation of skyrmion spin textures [1, 2]. To verify the skyrmion spin texture, we employ the simultaneous readout of magnetization along x and z directions and matter-wave interference technique. An isolated spin up (down) domain is formed in the background of spin down (up) domain, and we observe a fork-shaped interference patterns at the center of the isolated spin domain.

[1] H. Takeuchi, Phys. Rev. A 105, 013328 (2022)

[2] S. K. Kim and Y. Tserkovnyak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 047202 (2017)