Bulletin of the American Physical Society
50th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics APS Meeting
Volume 64, Number 4
Monday–Friday, May 27–31, 2019; Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Session N08: Atom and matter-wave interferometry |
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Chair: Seth Aubin, College of William and Mary Room: Wisconsin Center 103C |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
N08.00001: BECCAL - Atom Optics with BECs on the ISS Dennis Becker, Sven Abend, Kai Frye, Waldemar Herr, Christian Schubert, Ernst M. Rasel The NASA-DLR Bose-Einstein condensate and Cold Atom Laboratory - called BECCAL - is a joint multi-user, multi-purpose facility to exploit the unique microgravity conditions on the International Space Station (ISS) for complementary experiments with ultra-cold and condensed Rb and K atoms in regimes inaccessible on ground. In microgravity, no gravitational sag acts on an atomic ensemble, and it stays at rest with respect to its environment. This enables an extended time of flight in free fall at the order of seconds to tens of seconds, beyond the possibilities on earth. These two aspects are essential for the various experiments enabled by BECCAL. The system will be based on the drop tower and sounding rocket experiments QUANTUS and MAIUS including an atom chip for efficient evaporation and excellent control of the quantum degenerate atomic clouds. The setup will provide a variety of trapping potentials including static and RF-dressed magnetic as well as red- and blue-detuned optical potentials. It will serve as a platform to realize experiments in atom optics, physics of quantum degenerate gases, their mixtures, and atom interferometry. Here, we present an insight on some of the proposed experiments and the current design of the apparatus. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
N08.00002: Gravity measurements below 10$^{\mathrm{-9}}$ g with a transportable absolute quantum gravimeter Jean Lautier Gaud, Pierre Vermeulen, Vincent Ménoret, Laura Antoni-Micollier, Camille Janvier, Bruno Desruelle, Arnaud Landragin, Philippe Bouyer This paper presents the Absolute Quantum Gravimeter (AQG), a transportable gravity sensor based on light-pulse atom interferometry with laser-cooled $^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb atoms. Several units have been integrated so far and we present the detailed analysis of their performances. We report on a stability of the measurements of g at a level below 10$^{\mathrm{-9}}$ g in various types of environment and on the capability to sustain month-long drift-free continuous acquisitions. The AQG is an industry-grade gravity sensor which meets the objective to provide a device based on atom interferometry with laser-cooled atoms as a mobile and automated turn-key device. It is leaving the laboratory for geophysical studies in hydrology, geodesy and volcanology. This paper will also be the occasion to describe in more details the high degree of maturity of several key enabling technologies such as intelligent integrated laser systems that can help Quantum Technologies with cold atoms in Quantum Computing, Quantum Simulation and Quantum Communication. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
N08.00003: Lattice interferometry in an optical cavity Matthew Jaffe, Victoria Xu, Sofus Kristensen, Holger Mueller Optical cavities have attracted interest for use in atom interferometers, in hopes that the pristine cavity mode wavefronts would enable reliable matter wave manipulations. In particular, a spatially-separated atomic wavefunction could be held in an optical lattice for long durations, boosting interferometer sensitivity. In this talk, I will present our realization of a trapped atom interferometer inside an optical cavity. The cavity's high quality wavefronts allow interferometer durations an order of magnitude longer than any previously demonstrated. I will present experimental results, and discuss exciting aspects of our interferometer geometry. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
N08.00004: Continuous cold atom source for stable inertial sensing Charles Fancher, Adam Black, Mark Bashkansky, Jonathan Kwolek Laser-cooled atomic ensembles are useful tools for inertial sensing based on atom interferometry. Pulsed cold-atom sensors suffer from dead time in the measurement cycle. Meanwhile, sensors that employ continuously cooled atom sources can suffer contrast reduction and phase shifts due to near-resonant scattered light produced in the laser cooling process. We present progress towards a beam source of alkali atoms that is continuously cooled is three dimensions and that substantially reduces the scattered light from laser cooling that reaches the sensor region. A 2D MOT produces a high-flux beam of transversely cooled atoms incident on the second stage, which is physically rotated by 10 degrees and has a continuously operating 3D moving optical molasses. This angular offset combined with in-vacuum apertures and mirrors eliminate all line-of-sight paths between the 2D MOT and the sensor region. The 3D molasses in the second stage is detuned by at least 5$\Gamma $ from atomic resonance to reduce near-resonant light scatter. The reduction in 3D molasses capture velocity caused by this detuning is acceptable because only relatively small velocity changes (few m/s) are necessary to redirect and 3D-cool the atom beam from the 2D MOT. Recent experimental progress indicates success in continuous 3D cooling of the atomic beam from the 2D MOT and response of the atomic velocity distribution consistent with moving-frame optical molasses. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
N08.00005: Bloch-band analysis of optical beam splitters in a matter-wave interferometer Daniel Gochnauer, Katherine E McAlpine, Tahiyat Rahman, Subhadeep Gupta Using standing-wave light pulses on a Yb Bose-Einstein condensate source, we demonstrate a matter-wave contrast interferometer (CI) with large momentum separation of up to 112 photon recoils between outer paths [1]. The CI phase evolution is quadratic with the number of recoils and the observed phase stability depends crucially on the suppression of undesired diffraction phases. We apply a Bloch-band approach to the analysis of our pulsed optical standing waves, which predicts accurate Rabi frequencies for diffraction pulses and is useful in understanding diffraction phases, an important systematic effect in precision atom interferometry. We have demonstrated a method to determine atomic band structure in an optical lattice through the analysis of the consequent diffraction phase shifts in our CI. The Bloch-band approach also illuminates a solution to minimize the phase instability typically observed in the usage of Bloch oscillations (BO) as beam splitters by conducting the BO in the second excited band rather than the ground band. We will report on our work toward demonstrating a phase stable CI with BO beam splitters and report on a comparison with other beam splitting techniques. [1] B. Plotkin-Swing et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 133201 (2018). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
N08.00006: Phase-space representations of thermal Bose-Einstein condensates Peter Drummond Phase-space methods allow one to go beyond the mean-field approximation to simulate the quantum dynamics of interacting fields. Here, we obtain a technique for initializing either Wigner or positive-P phase-space simulations of Bose-Einstein condensates with quantum states at a finite temperature. As a means to calculate the initial states, we introduce the idea of a nonlinear chemical potential, which removes the zero-momentum phase-noise divergences of Bogoliubov theory to give a diagonal Hamiltonian. The resulting steady-state quantum theory is then directly applicable to calculations of initial conditions for quantum simulations of BEC dynamics using phase-space techniques. These methods allow efficient and scalable simulation of large Bose-Einstein condensates. We suggest that nonlinear chemical potentials may have a general applicability to cases of broken symmetry. The technique is applied to simulating an experimental two-state BEC interferometer in three dimensions. The resulting calculations of fringe visibility in an interacting BEC are in excellent agreement with experimental fringe measurements over time-scales of seconds. This gives an improved estimate of BEC temperature well below the critical point, and allows a new dynamical calculation of condensate fraction. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
N08.00007: Progress toward an interferometer with T^3 sensitivity scaling J. G. Lee, M. Zimmermann, M. A. Efremov, W. P. Schleich, F. A. Narducci An atom interferometer in which the two internal states experience differing accelerations has a phase that scales as the cube of the time during which the atoms experience the acceleration. This increase in scaling over the quadratic scaling of a standard interferometer can potentially lead to higher sensitivity to acceleration. This system can be realized experimentally by using magnetically sensitive sublevels of rubidium 85 as the states for the interferometer and applying a linear magnetic field gradient along the ballistic path of the atoms. We present our progress on rebuilding an apparatus to study this idea in a new lab space, including measurements of Raman transitions and Ramsey interference, as well as discussion of the technical challenges encountered and their solutions. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
N08.00008: Transporting long-lived quantum spin coherence in a photonic crystal fiber Mingjie Xin, Wui Seng Leong, Zilong Chen, Shau-Yu Lan Confining particles in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers has opened up new prospects to scale up the distance and time over which particles can be made to interact with light. However, maintaining long-lived quantum spin coherence and/or transporting it over macroscopic distances in a waveguide remain challenging. Here, we demonstrate coherent guiding of ground-state superpositions of 85Rb atoms over a centimeter range and hundreds of milliseconds inside a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The decoherence is mainly due to dephasing from residual differential light shift (DLS) from the optical trap and the inhomogeneity of ambient magnetic field. Our experiment establishes an important step towards a versatile platform that can lead to applications in quantum information networks and matter wave circuit for quantum sensing. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
N08.00009: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Thursday, May 30, 2019 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
N08.00010: Vacuum mediated dipole-dipole interaction and collective Lamb shift in circuit QED systems Kuan-Ting Lin, Ting Hsu, Io-Chun Hoi, Guin-Dar Lin This work investigates the dipole-dipole interaction between two artificial atoms in a 1D geometry, implemented by two transmon qubits coupled through transmission lines. Here we effectively set one end of the transmission line to be a mirror, in front of which two qubits are placed. We calculate the reflected field as probing the dipole-dipole shifts and linewidths of the reflective spectrum while separations between qubits can vary. We clearly observe that one qubit's response to the field can be affected by another qubit even when the second one is located in the node of the resonant mode and is thought to be decoupled from the pumping field. We observe the so-called collective Lamb shift indicating dipole-dipole interaction mediated by exchanging virtual photons. We also generalize our calculation to multi-atom cases and discuss how these effects scale with the qubit number [Preview Abstract] |
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