Bulletin of the American Physical Society
48th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 62, Number 8
Monday–Friday, June 5–9, 2017; Sacramento, California
Session J6: Optomechanics |
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Chair: Andrew Geraci, University of Nevada, Reno Room: 311-312 |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
J6.00001: Proposal for an quantum optomechanical straight-twin engine Keye Zhang, Weiping Zhang We propose a scheme to realize a quantum polariton heat engine in a hybrid microwave-opto-mechanical system. The engine transfers the heat obtained from the effective temperature difference between the microwave and optical cavity fields to the work extracted through the radiation pressure force. In our design a pair of polariton modes works alternately in the quantum Otto cycle, similar to a classical twin-cylinder four-stroke engine. And the other polariton is quasi-dark to suppress the disturbance from the mechanical noise. Different from its classical counterpart, the works from the two polariton modes are correlated in quantum fluctuations. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
J6.00002: Exploring the thermodynamic limit of optomechanical systems Stephen Ragole, Haitan Xu, John Lawall, Jacob Taylor Optomechanical systems enable exploration of novel nonlinear optical elements and even quantum domain experiments. Recently, symmetric membrane-in-the-middle systems have been driven into stable buckled configurations, where the membrane spontaneously breaks the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry and buckles to a fixed position. We identify a parameter regime in which a natural thermodynamic limit arises for the optical spring even though the system is nominally out of equilibrium. In this regime, we describe the phase diagram for the experimental system, a many-mode membrane with two optical modes. We discuss potential realizations of a $U(1)$ symmetry breaking experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
J6.00003: Abstract Withdrawn
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Wednesday, June 7, 2017 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
J6.00004: Quantum optomechanics with superfluid helium density waves Alexey Shkarin, Anna Kashkanova, Charles Brown, Nathan Flowers-Jacobs, Lilian Childress, Scott Hoch, Leander Hohmann, Konstantin Ott, Sebastien Garcia, Jakob Reichel, Jack Harris The field of optomechanics deals with the interaction between light and mechanical objects. One of the challenges in this field is to coherently manipulate mechanical states with single-quantum precision and to interface these states with electromagnetic radiation without loss. To achieve this goal, one generally aims to create a system with strong coupling between optical and mechanical systems, while maintaining low optical and mechanical losses and low temperature. Superfluid helium is a material which is uniquely well-suited to meet these requirements. In this talk I will describe a cavity optomechanics system in which we couple infrared light to a standing acoustic wave in superfluid helium. With this system, we used light to coherently excite acoustic vibrations and manipulate their frequency and damping rate using the dynamic back-action effect. In addition, we measured thermal fluctuations of the mechanical mode corresponding to mean phonon number of five. These measurements had sufficient precision to reveal quantum signatures in the motion of the acoustic waves and in their interaction with light. Specifically, we measure the quantum asymmetry and correlations between the motional sidebands. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
J6.00005: A hybrid quantum interface between a mechanical resonator and an ultracold spin ensemble Jialun Luo, Yogesh S Patil, Hil F H Cheung, Mukund Vengalattore Cavity optomechanical systems of a diverse range of mass and size scales have been realized both for fundamental studies of quantum measurement as well as technological applications of force and mass sensing. However, in contrast to cavity QED systems, the comparatively large rates of dissipation and weak optomechanical interactions have stymied the robust quantum state preparation and control of macroscopic mechanical resonators purely via optomechanical interactions. To circumvent these limitations, we demonstrate a hybrid quantum system in which a macroscopic resonator is optically coupled to an ultracold spin ensemble and show that the optomechanical interaction can be dramatically enhanced and dynamically tuned by the effective spin-phonon coupling, thereby creating a robust platform for quantum state preparation, transduction, and beyond-SQL measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
J6.00006: Optical coupling of cold atoms to a levitated nanosphere Cris Montoya, Apryl Witherspoon, Jacob Fausett, Jason Lim, John Kitching, Andrew Geraci Cooling mechanical oscillators to their quantum ground state enables the study of quantum phenomena at macroscopic levels. In many cases, the temperature required to cool a mechanical mode to the ground state is below what current cryogenic systems can achieve. As an alternative to cooling via cryogenic systems, it has been shown theoretically that optically trapped nanospheres could reach the ground state by sympathetically cooling the spheres via cold atoms[1]. Such cooled spheres can be used in quantum limited sensing and matter-wave interferometry, and could also enable new hybrid quantum systems where mechanical oscillators act as transducers. In our setup, optical fields are used to couple a sample of cold Rubidium atoms to a nanosphere. The sphere is optically levitated in a separate vacuum chamber, while the atoms are trapped in a 1-D optical lattice and cooled using optical molasses. [1] G. Ranjit, C. Montoya, A. A. Geraci, \textit{Phys Rev. A 91, 013416 (2015).} [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
J6.00007: Trapped atoms along nanophotonic resonators Brian Fields, May Kim, Tzu-Han Chang, Chen-Lung Hung Many-body systems subject to long-range interactions have remained a very challenging topic experimentally. Ultracold atoms trapped in extreme proximity to the surface of nanophotonic structures provides a dynamic system combining the strong atom-atom interactions mediated by guided mode photons with the exquisite control implemented with trapped atom systems. The hybrid system promises pair-wise tunability of long-range interactions between atomic pseudo spins, allowing studies of quantum magnetism extending far beyond nearest neighbor interactions. In this talk, we will discuss our current status developing high quality nanophotonic ring resonators, engineered on CMOS compatible optical chips with integrated nanostructures that, in combination with a side illuminating beam, can realize stable atom traps approximately 100nm above the surface. We will report on our progress towards loading arrays of cold atoms near the surface of these structures and studying atom-atom interaction mediated by photons with high cooperativity. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
J6.00008: Controlling the temperature and chemical potential for light with laser-cooled motional modes in an optomechanical system Chiao-Hsuan Wang, Jacob Taylor Massless gauge bosons, including photons, do not exhibit particle conservation and thus have no chemical potential. However, in parametrically driven systems, near equilibrium dynamics can lead to equilibration of photons into a thermodynamic ensemble with a finite number of photons. This Gibbs-like ensemble then has an effective chemical potential. Here we build upon this general concept with an optomechanical implementation appropriate for a nonlinear photonic or microwave quantum simulator, as well as a parallel neutral atom approach. We consider how laser cooling of a narrow mechanical mode or atomic motion can provide an effective low frequency bath for other photon modes. In the optomechanical approach, the parametric interaction between the optical system and the low frequency bath is mediated through a beam-splitter coupling between the optical system and another laser-driven photonic mode, which can be potentially realized in a Michelson-Sagnac interferometry design. The engineered matter-light interaction enables control of both the chemical potential -- by drive frequency -- and temperature -- by the effective temperature of the motional mode induced after laser cooling -- of the resulting photonic grand canonical ensemble. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
J6.00009: Optomechanics in a Levitated Droplet of Superfluid Helium Charles Brown, Glen Harris, Jack Harris A critical issue common to all optomechanical systems is dissipative coupling to the environment, which limits the system's quantum coherence. Superfluid helium's extremely low optical and mechanical dissipation, as well as its high thermal conductivity and its ability cool itself via evaporation, makes the mostly uncharted territory of superfluid optomechanics an exciting avenue for exploring quantum effects in macroscopic objects. I will describe ongoing work that aims to exploit the unique properties of superfluid helium by constructing an optomechanical system consisting of a magnetically levitated droplet of superfluid helium., The optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of the droplet, as well as the mechanical oscillations of its surface, should offer exceptionally low dissipation, and should couple to each other via the usual optomechanical interactions. I will present recent progress towards this goal, and also discuss the background for this work, which includes prior demonstrations of magnetic levitation of superfluid helium, high finesse WGMs in liquid drops, and the self-cooling of helium drops in vacuum. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, June 7, 2017 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
J6.00010: Detecting continuous gravitational waves with superfluid helium Swati Singh, Laura De Lorenzo, Igor Pikovski, Keith Schwab We study the sensitivity to continuous-wave strain fields of a kg-scale optomechanical system formed by the acoustic motion of superfluid helium-4 parametrically coupled to a superconducting microwave cavity. This narrowband detection scheme can operate at very high $Q$-factors, while the resonant frequency is tunable through pressurization of the helium in the 0.1-1.5 kHz range. The detector can therefore be tuned to a variety of astrophysical sources and can remain sensitive to a particular source over a long period of time. For reasonable experimental parameters, we find that strain fields on the order of $h\sim 10^{-23} /\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ are detectable. We show that the proposed system can significantly improve the limits on gravitational wave strain from nearby pulsars within a few months of integration time. [Preview Abstract] |
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