Bulletin of the American Physical Society
38th Annual Meeting of the Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Volume 52, Number 7
Tuesday–Saturday, June 5–9, 2007; Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Session W2: Focus Session: Slowing and Stopping Light |
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Chair: D. Tokaryk, University of New Brunswick Room: TELUS Convention Centre Macleod D |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
W2.00001: Towards single photon nonlinear optics with confined photons and atoms Invited Speaker: We will describe two novel approaches for realization of controlled, deterministic nonlinear optics at a single photon level. These approaches combine the ideas of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and slow light with tight confinement of photons and atoms. Progress towards realization of these ideas will be discussed. Specifically, we will describe proof-of-principle experimental realization of strong coupling between individual CdSe quantum dots and surface plasmons localized on nano-sized conducting wire. In addition, progress towards realization of of novel nonlinear optical medium based on ultra-cold atoms confined in a hollow photonic crystal fiber will be discussed. As an outlook we will discuss novel applications of these ideas. These include switching and transistors operating at a single photon as well as strongly interacting many-body physics with photons. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
W2.00002: Observation of Quantum Destructive Interference in Inelastic Two-Wave Mixing. Invited Speaker: Using room-temperature $^{87}$Rb atoms we demonstrate a quantum destructive interference between two one-photon excitation pathways in an inelastic two-wave mixing scheme that corresponds to the ``strong-storage and weak-retrieval" of an optical field. This destructive interference is fundamentally different from the usual electromagnetically-induced-transparency because it is critically dependent on the generation and propagation of a wave-mixing field. We also show that contrary to the common belief, that the maximum atomic coherence in general does not lead to the maximum mixing-wave conversion efficiency. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
W2.00003: Towards storage of squeezed light by electromagnetically induced transparency J\"{u}rgen Appel, Eden Figueroa, Frank Vewinger, Dmitry Korystov, Georg G\"{u}nter, Alexander Lvovsky Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect, in which a strong control laser beam changes a medium's linear dispersion and absorption in such a way that a weak signal beam travels without absorption and its group velocity is greatly reduced. Theoretical models and recent experiments predict that adiabatic switching of the control field while the signal is inside the medium reversibly maps the signal quantum state to the states of the irradiated atoms. We report on our recent progress in storing and retrieving a squeezed optical state by adiabatic conversion to a collective coherent superposition of the hyperfine ground levels of the D1 transition in rubidium-87. A bright narrowband source of nonclassical light for interaction with atoms has been constructed based on an optical parametric amplifier featuring a periodically poled KTP crystal. Ultrafast lossless switching allows us to generate 1 $\mu$s pulses of up to 3 dB squeezed vacuum resonant to the EIT transparency window. We investigate the transmission and storage of these states under EIT conditions by homodyne tomography. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
W2.00004: Slow and stored light in paraffin-coated Rb vapor cells Mason Klein, Michael Hohensee, Yanhong Xiao, Irina Novikova, David Phillips, Ronald Walsworth The slow ground-state decoherence rate of paraffin-coated Rb vapor cells leads to a dual-structured electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectrum with a narrow ($<$100 Hz) transparency peak on top of a broad pedestal. We present an experimental study of the effect of such dual-structured EIT on slow and stored light. Based on dynamical simulations we consider optimal conditions for storage and retrieval of optical information. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
W2.00005: Slow and Stored light optimization procedure. Irina Novikova, Alexey V. Gorshkov, David F. Phillips, Anders S. Sorensen, Mikhail D. Lukin, Ronald L. Walsworth Optimization of slow and stored light for high fidelity retrieval of input pulses requires tailoring of the input probe field shape or the applied control field used in the slow or stored light process. We present an experimental procedure for the optimization of probe and control field profiles in EIT-based stored light to achieve maximum storage and retrieval efficiency for a given optical depth. The details and limitation for application of this procedure in a Rb vapor cell are discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
W2.00006: Stored light optimization and optical depth Mason Klein, Yanhong Xiao, Irina Novikova, David Phillips, Ronald Walsworth Efficient storage of light in an atomic ensemble nominally requires a large optical depth to contain an entire light pulse inside the atomic medium without incoherent absorption. In an idealized theoretical picture, very large optical depths should improve the efficiency of stored light. In practice, however, additional effects such as spin-exchange, radiation trapping, and non-linear processes can reduce the efficiency at large optical depths. Here we present an experimental study of stored light efficiency in Rb vapor as a function of optical depth, varying experimental parameters such as pulse duration and shape, storage time, retrieval field intensity, and cell and beam geometry. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
W2.00007: Electromagnetically Induced Transparency with Broadband Laser Pulses Deniz Yavuz We suggest a scheme to slow and stop broadband laser pulses inside an atomic medium using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency. Extending the suggestion of Harris and colleagues, the key idea is to use matched Fourier components for the probe and coupling laser beams. Using our scheme, one can obtain time-delay-bandwidth products exceeding 1000 with current experimental parameters. Numerical simulations in Rubidium (Rb) vapor demonstrate 100 microseconds time delay for 100 MHz wide probe laser pulses. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
W2.00008: Slow photons as charged quasi-particles, and photonic Aharonov-Bohm effect Karl-Peter Marzlin, Juergen Appel, Alexander Lvovsky Recently we have proposed the method of Raman Adiabatic Transfer of Optical States (RATOS) to manipulate the optical state of light. A four-level atomic medium in double-$\Lambda$ configuration is interacting with two pump fields and a signal photon with very slow group velocity. An adiabatic change in time of the pump fields can then generate a slow photon in a superposition of different frequencies. Here we theoretically analyze the influence of an adiabatic change in the spatial form of the pump fields. We demonstrate that the signal photon then behaves like a charged quasi-particle: in paraxial approximation its dynamics is governed by a Schr\"odinger-like equation that includes a scalar and a vector potential whose form is determined by the shape of the pump fields. We suggest pump field configurations that generate potentials corresponding to a constant electric and a constant magnetic field. Furthermore we devise a scheme of pump fields that generates a vector potential of Aharonov-Bohm type which induces a topological phase shift for slow photons. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, June 9, 2007 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
W2.00009: Phase Dynamics in Electro-magnetically Induced Transparency Frank A. Narducci, Jon P. Davis Electro-magnetically induced transparency is often explained as a manifestation of destructive quantum interference between possible pathways for a probe photon to be absorbed. In this theoretical paper, we explore what determines the phase of this interference and how one might change destructive interference into constructive interference. Using a time-dependent model that describes a three-level lambda system, we explore the reaction of an EIT system to changes in the phase of either the coupling or the probe field, and show that, under the right conditions, enhanced transparency can be changed into enhanced absorption. This effect, different from what is commonly referred to ``electro-magnetically induced absorption,'' is the result of {\em constructive} interference between possible absorption pathways, which occurs when the dipole moment and the effective fields are temporarily shifted out of the phase condition for destructive interference. We further demonstrate that this effect disappears with increasing coupling field, as the system moves from an EIT setting to an Autler-Townes setting. [Preview Abstract] |
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