Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 6
Minneapolis, Minnesota (Apr 15-18)
Virtual (Apr 24-26); Time Zone: Central Time
Session H16: Nuclear Physics: Structure and Astrophysics |
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Sponsoring Units: DNP Chair: Miguel Madurga, University of Tennessee Room: Marquette VII - 2nd Floor |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 1:30PM - 1:42PM |
H16.00001: Study of 1/2+ states in 11B using the 10Be(d,n)11B reaction Carl R Brune, Yenuel Jones-Alberty, Thomas N Massey, Kristyn H Brandenburg, Bikash Chauhan, Joseph Derkin, Gulakhshan M Hamad, Michael Jeswald, Zach Meisel, Som Paneru, Mansi Saxena, Nisha Singh, Douglas B Soltesz, Shiv K Subedi, A. V Voinov, Justin Warren Recent experiments have provided some evidence for a 1/2+ level in 11B located just above the proton threshold, with a large lp=0 spectroscopic factor. Such a level could have important implications for 11Be beta decay and 10Be+p reaction rates. We have measured angular distributions of the proton transfer reaction 10Be(d,n)11B in normal kinematics for incident deuteron energies of 4 and 7 MeV. Neutrons were detected using the time-of-flight technique, with experimental conditions optimized to provide an excitation energy resolution of ≈40 keV in the proton threshold region of ∼11 MeV. The angular distributions to specific final states allow the orbital angular momentum of the transferred proton lp to be identified, while the absolute cross sections provide information about the spectroscopic factors. We see no evidence of a 1/2+ level near Ex=11.4 MeV. The deduced excitation energies, spectroscopic factors, and total widths of the observed 1/2+ levels will be presented. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 1:42PM - 1:54PM |
H16.00002: Study of the 34Ar(α,p)37K reaction rate via proton scattering on 37K, and its impact on properties of modeled X-Ray bursts Amber C Lauer-Coles, Catherine M Deibel, Jeff C Blackmon, Kevin T Macon, Erin C Good, Ashley A Hood, Daniel Santiago-Gonzalez, Steven D Pain, Kelly A Chipps, Tony Ahn, Fernando Montes, Hendrik Schatz, Wei Jia Ong, Justin Browne, Konrad Schmidt, Grigory V Rogachev, Sriteja Upadhyayula, Joshua Hooker, Heshani Jayatissa, Ingo L Wiedenhoever, Lagy T Baby, Maria Anastasiou, Nabin Rijal Type I X-Ray bursts (XRBs) are extremely energetic stellar explosions that occur on the surface of a neutron star in an accreting binary system with a low mass H/He rich companion. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
H16.00003: νi13/2 Structure in 159Gd: Supporting Evidence of a Z = 60 Deformed Subshell Gap Daryl J Hartley, Filip G Kondev, Michael P Carpenter, Robert V Janssens, Mark A Riley, Kalisa A Villafana, Kalle Auranen, Akaa D Ayangeakaa, John Baron, Andrew Boston, Jason A Clark, John P Greene, Jacob Heery, Calem R Hoffman, Torben Lauritsen, J Li, David R Little, Eddie Paul, Guy Savard, Dariusz Seweryniak, John Simpson, G.L. Wilson, Jin Wu, Shaofei Zhu While ground-state deformation should maximize at mid-shell in either the proton or neutron Fermi surfaces, subshell gaps can exist that stabilize large deformation at other values. Indeed, a gap at Z = 60 may be present in the rare-earth region as the energy of the first 2+ states in even-even nuclei are often lowest in an isotonic chain for neodymium rather than the midshell isotopes of dysprosium (Z = 66). Further evidence of this deformed gap has now been observed by investigating the signature splitting systematics of the νi13/2 bands in the odd-N, rare-earth nuclei. These were aided by the recent observation of the νi13/2 band in 159Gd resulting from a multi-nucleon transfer reaction utilizing Gammasphere at Argonne National Laboratory's ATLAS Facility. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
H16.00004: Constraints on Dense Matter from Neutron Star Observations and Effective Field Theory Calculations Rahul Somasundaram, Ingo Tews, Jerome Margueron, Duncan A Brown Neutron stars are one of the most fascinating objects in the universe, exploring matter at the highest densities that we can observe. Recent gravitational wave observations of binary neutron star mergers, as well as radio and X-ray observations of millisecond pulsars, have constrained the global properties of neutron stars such as their masses, radii, and tidal deformabilities. This has given us valuable new insights into the Equation of State of dense matter. Simultaneously, there have been significant efforts in the theoretical modeling of the dense matter Equation of State. In this talk, I will discuss how state-of-the-art Effective Field Theories based on the symmetries of QCD can be used to make predictions for nucleonic matter present in neutron stars. I will also discuss the plausible existence of exotic, i.e. non-nucleonic matter in neutron stars and how one could potentially use the recent experimental data as well as perturbative QCD calculations to detect their presence in the inner cores of neutron stars. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 2:18PM - 2:30PM |
H16.00005: From ENSDF to NuDat: Search, Filter and Visualize Nuclear Data Donnie Mason, Elizabeth McCutchan, Alejandro A Sonzogni The National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) developed NuDat, a web application where users can explore several databases containing nuclear structure, nuclear decay, and neutron-induced nuclear reaction information. NuDat is the primary web application used to query and visualize nuclear data from the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF). ENSDF contains meticulously evaluated recommended values derived from all published experimental nuclear structure and decay data. Over 4 million people use NuDat each year for research, education, and a wide range of applications. The current technology used within NuDat was first developed over 15 years ago and since then significant improvements to web technologies have been made. By modernizing NuDat, the NNDC aims to provide an enhanced user experience that promotes discovery and exploring nuclear data properties.. The modernized NuDat is implemented using HTML Canvas to create a dynamic chart of nuclides. Users can seamlessly interact with over 3,300 nuclides with intuitive pan and zoom gestures. NuDat has customizable filters and export options. A 3D version of NuDat is being developed using Three.js. Users can visualize the chart of nuclides in 3D with customizable settings. The NNDC aims to improve NuDat based on community feedback with a focus on disseminating digestible data to a broad spectrum of users. NuDat's novel visualization tools provide users with an intuitive interface to the authoritative nuclear data within ENSDF. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 2:30PM - 2:42PM |
H16.00006: Trace anomaly as signature of conformality in neutron stars Yuki Fujimoto, Kenji Fukushima, Larry D McLerran, Michal Praszalowicz The recent observational data suggest that the equation of state of neutron star matter stiffens rapidly around a few times the saturation density. We discuss an interpretation that a peak in the sound velocity in neutron star matter, as suggested by the observational data, signifies strongly-coupled conformal matter. The normalized trace anomaly is a dimensionless measure of conformality leading to the derivative and the non-derivative contributions to the sound velocity. We find that the peak in the sound velocity is attributed to the derivative contribution from the trace anomaly that steeply approaches the conformal limit. Smooth continuity to the behavior of high-density QCD implies that the matter part of the trace anomaly may be positive definite. We discuss pros and cons for the trace anomaly being positive definite and a possible implication of the positivity condition of the trace anomaly on the observable quantities of the neutron stars. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 2:42PM - 2:54PM |
H16.00007: Preliminary investigations of storage rings for rare isotopes at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Paul L Gueye, Jeremy Rebenstock, Peter N Ostroumov, Ambar C Rodriguez Alicea The use of storage rings is being investigated at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) for two possible configurations: a low energy SR (1<20 MeV/u) and a high energy SR (>100 MeV/u). While the former has high impacts on nuclear astrophysics, the latter could be used to enable electron scattering off rare isotopes as is currently being studied at several facilities in Japan (SCRIT at RIKEN) and in Europe (ELISE at FAIR, GANIL, and DERICA in Dubna). In a first stage of this project, a model of the Test Storage Ring (TSR) at CERN was performed. Recently, we have started looking at the parameters for such a system that could be coupled with the FRIB slow and fast beamlines. Preliminary results from this work will be presented and discussed. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 2:54PM - 3:06PM |
H16.00008: Ab initio calculation of the $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be astrophysical $S$ factor Mack C Atkinson, Konstantinos Kravvaris, Sofia Quaglioni, Petr Navratil, Guillame Hupin The $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be radiative-capture reaction rates between 20 and 500 keV are essential in understanding the primordial $^7$Li abundance in the universe. The Coulomb repulsion between the fusing nuclei suppresses the capture cross section at these low energies, making it difficult to measure directly. Theoretical calculations are needed to guide the extrapolation to the solar energies of interest. To this end, I will present NCSMC calculations of the $^3$He$(alpha,gamma)^7$Be reaction within the no-core shell model with continuum starting from two- and three-nucleon chiral interactions. To demonstrate that the NCSMC provides an accurate $S$ factor, I will also compare NCSMC $^{3}$He + $^{4}$He elastic-scattering cross sections with those recently measured by the SONIK collaboration. |
Sunday, April 16, 2023 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
H16.00009: The 2022 Physicists Inspiring the Next Generation: Exploring the Nuclear Matter – Light Attenuation in Scintillators Paul L Gueye, Thomas Baumann, Casey Hulbert, Yannick Gueye, Joshua S Marshall, Dominic I Davis, Jayla Edwards, Donovan L Flagg, Tieler Graham, Rocio Di Maria, Trysten Harris, Drake Hollins, Jacob Ryabinky, Kevin Brooks-II, Bradley Thomas, Skyler Hamlin, Guhyun Jeong, Addison Hannah, Thomas Hays, Philip Carrington, Bryan Robles, Han Truong, Brenden Lamp, Nolan Tusing The 2022 cohort of the “Physicists Inspiring the Next Generation (PING): Exploring the Nuclear Matter” included eighteen pre-college students that worked with six undergraduate students at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams of Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. Over the Summer 2022, the students tested the performances of 25 cm long scintillators with cross sectional areas of 2.5x2.5 cm2 and 5x5 cm2 as part of a R&D effort for a next generation neutron detector proposal to the National Science Foundation by the MoNA Collaboration. Results from this work were presented during the APS/DNP2022 meeting. During the Spring 2023 semester, the students evaluated a light attenuation correction in scintillators due to the increased path length of the photons while propagating through the material. This work could have an impact on the position resolution of neutron detectors used by the MoNA Collaboration. The students also designed a possible small scale prototype that could be placed and used in parasitic mode during FRIB experiments. The status of this research will be presented and discussed. |
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