Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 3
Saturday–Tuesday, April 13–16, 2019; Denver, Colorado
Session D12: Undergraduate Research IIIUndergraduate
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Chair: Brad Conrad, Society of Physics Students/Sigma Pi Sigma Room: Sheraton Plaza Court 1 |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 3:30PM - 3:42PM |
D12.00001: The Most Fundamental Formulation of the Special Theory of Relativity Jamal Khayat The special theory of relativity is conventionally formulated using five postulates: the homogeneity of time, the homogeneity of space, the isotropy of space, the Einstein principle of relativity, and the invariance of the speed of light. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 3:42PM - 3:54PM |
D12.00002: The Wave Mechanics of Gravity Lauren Williams-Arnes It has often been believed that Schrodinger's equation cannot be derived from classical mechanics. He himself founded the equation, based on the solution given by the wave. Newtons laws apply to waves over time. With methods of careful calculations and experiments, classical physics can be explained as waves through several methods of execution. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 3:54PM - 4:06PM |
D12.00003: Probing Quantum Gravity with Large Molecular Wave-packets Carlos Villalpando, Sujoy K. Modak One of the biggest obstacles behind a direct test of Quantum Gravity (QG) is its energy scale (1019 GeV), which remains well outside of the capabilities of any human made machine. The next best possible approach to probe QG is to provide indirect tests on some effective theories, which can be performed in a lower energy scale; this paper is aimed in this direction and shows a promising path to test the minimal length scale of Nature using the dispersion of free, large molecular wave-packets. The existence of the minimal length is believed to be the reason for a modified commutation relation between the position and momentum operators; in this paper, we show that such a modification of the commutator has a profound effect on the dispersion rate of free wave-packets, and precise measurements on the broadening times of large molecular wave-packets (such as the C60 and C176 buckyballs, as well as larger organic molecules) provide a promising path for an indirect test of quantum gravity in a laboratory setting. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 4:06PM - 4:18PM |
D12.00004: THERMODYNAMICS OF CHARGED GENERALIZED UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE BLACK HOLES HEATHER ROSE MENTZER, Heather R Mentzer, JONAS R MUREIKA
This research evaluates the event horizon, Hawking Temperature and the entropy of Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) modified charged quantum black holes, as they evaporate in accordance with Hawking Radiation. In order to resolve the classical thermodynamic instabilities in the sub-Planckian regime, a self-dual version of the GUP in which the mass M, is replaced by M + 1/M, is applied to the Reissner-Nordström metric. In the large mass regime, the GUP modified temperature, T, increases as Mp decreases, reaching a maximum value at the Planck mass (Mp). Below this point, the temperature rapidly decreases to zero when M = 0. As the black hole’s electric charge increased, the peak temperature drops. Upon reaching the maximum charge QMax the temperature vanishes at the extremal mass, TExtremal= 0 as approached from both small and large mass regimes. For Q > QMax the temperature profile splits into two separate, unphysical solutions. The implications of this research will deepen our comprehension of the quantum limit and black hole evaporation. The more extensive applications of the results from this research will replicate the dimensional reduction of the Schwarzschild GUP solution. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 4:18PM - 4:30PM |
D12.00005: Theory on velocity,mass ,radiation relations on the formation of black holes and superposition of photons -a new concept on dark matter and dark energy formation. Karthik R There have been many debates going on about the Einstein’s theory of relativity and its indirect approach on the explanation on formation of black holes. So far through astronomical observations only, we are studying about black holes and their formation as predicted by Einstein is due a huge space time distortion. Stephen Hawking predicted the death of a black hole through his famous Hawking radiation relations which indirectly relates black hole with quantum mechanics.The present paper considers all these findings and totally modified the assumptions in to a new theory which states that Black holes are not just mere space time distortion instead a huge mass might be travelling above the speed of light in it that eventually radiated radiations as per Hawking’s relations and ultimately vanished from space. The paper also proposes a new theory on formation of new state of matter that happens in black hole just like Bose Einstein condensate ,instead of 0 K temperature condition ,what happens if all seven electromagnetic radiation(photons) are together falling into a black hole? and what if they produce a new state of matter(Dark matter) with unlimited amount of energy (Dark Energy)that may be causing the expansion of universe? |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 4:30PM - 4:42PM |
D12.00006: Creating a Database of Yang-Mills Solutions for the Differential Geometry Package in Maple Eli T Atkin, Ryan Bevan, Alan Parry Using non-Abelian Lie groups, Yang-Mills theory describes the behavior of elementary particles. This system of geometric PDEs successfully unifies the electromagnetic and weak forces and accurately describes quantum chromodynamics. Because of this, it is vital for understanding the standard model of particle physics. The main goal of this project is to make solutions to the Yang-Mills equations easily accessible. We did this by creating a database of solutions and their properties. This database will be available as a free addition to the differential geometry package in Maple. Initially, the database will have 37 solutions from a review paper by Alfred Actor, but we plan to continue adding to this database in the future. The solutions are first input into Maple to find the connection one-form for each solution and add it to the database. Various properties presented in the paper for each solution are then tested and cataloged alongside the connection one-form. From the entries in the database, these Yang-Mills solutions can be called up in a format that can be manipulated in Maple lending a great deal of readily available computing power to studies about these solutions. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 4:42PM - 4:54PM |
D12.00007: A Computational Study of Nucleo-Synthesis Inside Stars Jose pacheco, Ajit S Hira, Alicia Sandoval, Edwardine Fernandez, Arrick Gonzales, Tommy Cathey We continue our interest in Astrophysical objects in this computational study of nucleosynthesis inside stars. in the past, research showed that a combination of the shock-wave nucleosynthesis and of hydrostatic-burning processes create most isotopes of the elements carbon (Z = 6), oxygen (Z = 8), and elements with Z = 10–28 (from Ne to Ni). It is now generally accepted that the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) is fundamentally important for explaining the origin of approximately half of the stable nuclei with A > 60. The models that used to obtain our results are based on the theoretical methods used in the work of S. Goriely, A. Bauswein and H. Janka. The work of these researchers revealed that the merger of binary Neutron Stars (NSs) are a credible primary source for the heavy (A >~ 140) galactic r-nuclei for rates of 10-5 yr-1. We utilized C and C++ languages to implement the theoretical models. Novel data about the r-process was discovered in 2017,by the LIGO and Virgo observatories from a merger of two neutron stars. With more data from the gravitational wave detectors, we will test our theoretical models, and our theoretical predictions on nucleosynthesis. We will also simulate the formation of some quarks composites in supernovae. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 4:54PM - 5:06PM |
D12.00008: Theoretical nuclear modeling for Massive Neutron Stars Joseph Moscoso Neutron stars represent the densest visible stellar objects whose dynamics are controlled by the nuclear forces at high densities. In the proposed research, we will consider different models for high density nuclear interactions based on the fundamental theory of quark-gluon interactions. Recently, the dominance of the proton-neutron interaction in the Short-Range Correlations (SRCs) of the nucleons in high density asymmetric nuclear matter predict that protons will populate the high-momentum parts of the stellar interior. Using these models, we will calculate the neutron star parameters, such as mass and the radius. and compare them with current observations. The primary goal of the research is to understand dynamics which are responsible for recently observed anomalously massive neutrons stars exceeding two solar masses. The nuclear equation of state describes dense nuclear matter and its correlation with the critical mass of the object and must be tweaked to incorporate relevant nuclear effects. Identifying the most relevant nuclear force model that describes the current astrophysical observations will allow us to make new predictions related to the neutron star radiation and mergers. The latter is being considered as the main source of gravitational waves. |
Saturday, April 13, 2019 5:06PM - 5:18PM |
D12.00009: Multi-filter Photometric Analysis of Six W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) Type Eclipsing Binary Stars Tatsuya Akiba, Vayujeet Gokhale We present light curve analysis of six variable stars: KID 11405559, V0342 Boo, AZ Vir, KID 7259917, V2363 Cyg, and KID 10253421. These targets are selected from the Kepler Eclipsing Binary Catalog published by Kirk et al. (2016) and a list of eclipsing binaries published by Kreiner (2004). Light curves are generated using data collected at the 31-inch NURO telescope at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, AZ, and a 17-inch PlaneWave telescope at Truman State Observatory in Kirksville, MO, using the Bessel B, V and R filters. We then produce truncated eight-term and twelve-term Fourier fits for these light curves, and quantify the O'Connell Effect exhibited by these systems by calculating the difference in the heights of the primary and secondary maxima, the "Light Curve Asymmetry" (LCA) coefficient, and the "O'Connell Effect Ratio" (OER). Our analysis shows that KID 11405559, V0342 Boo, and KID 7259917 exhibit significant O’Connell Effect. Additionally, we use the Fourier coefficients to suggest KID 7259917 as a β Lyrae-type system, and KID 10253421 as an Algol-candidate. |
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