Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Annual Meeting of the Four Corners Section of the APS
Volume 59, Number 11
Friday–Saturday, October 17–18, 2014; Orem, Utah
Session B5: General Relativity and Gravity |
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Chair: David Kieda, University of Utah Room: Science Building 260 |
Friday, October 17, 2014 10:15AM - 10:39AM |
B5.00001: Electromagnetic Radiation from Neutron Stars Forrest Glines Binary neutron stars are likely candidates for the sources of short, hard Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). We study the possible electromagnetic radiation from a binary neutron star merger event using data from a fully relativistic simulation, and then solving the classical radiation equation along geodesics in the space-time. The emission model includes bremsstrahlung and blackbody radiation, and Kramer's opacity law is used for absorption. We compare the current results with a finite-temperature nuclear equation of state to earlier results using the ideal gas equation of state. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 17, 2014 10:39AM - 10:51AM |
B5.00002: Magnetars in General Relativity Eric Hirschmann Magnetars are neutron stars for which surface magnetic fields can be in excess of a quadrillion Gauss. The magnitude and orientation of the magnetic field internal to these stars is largely unknown. We describe an effort to understand the magnetic field configuration of such stars within full general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics. Taking a self-consistent approach and assuming only axisymmetry, we numerically calculate the spacetimes and the electromagnetic field configurations of neutron stars with ultra-strong magnetic fields. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 17, 2014 10:51AM - 11:03AM |
B5.00003: Stability of a bound system of electron or proton orbiting a small black hole in cosmic conditions Daniel Gray Mini black holes (BH) of various mass could be left over in space from the early expansion Big Bang phase (so called primordial BHs) and can be a part of dark matter (DM). As a result of interaction of those BHs with the interstellar hydrogen they could form a bound system with an electron or a proton (or both). However, the stability of such system depends on a few factors -- BH mass, limits imposed by both special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR) on such quantum system, gravitational radiation they could emit, as well as the environmental factors -- ionizing effects of starlight, starwind, cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR), interstellar magnetic field, etc. We analyze those limitations to find lifetimes of such ``gravitational atoms'' in typical interstellar space conditions [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 17, 2014 11:03AM - 11:15AM |
B5.00004: Chaotic Scattering in the Post-Newtonian Three-Body Problem Jared Jay, David Neilsen, Taylor Morgan A general solution for the three-body problem in Newtonian gravity does not exist, and the system is known to be chaotic. We consider the three-body problem in general relativity using the Post-Newtonian equations of motion that include the first gravitational-wave emission terms. Using a model problem of a binary that interacts with a third object, we present evidence that this system also has chaotic solutions. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 17, 2014 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B5.00005: Optimizing the LIGO Gravitational Wave Search for Two Detector Systems David Stiles, Brennan Hughey The LIGO and Virgo collaborations operate a sensitive global network of gravitational wave interferometers. There are times however when at least one of the three detectors, Hanford, Livingston, or Virgo, are inoperational. We are interested in optimizing the LIGO gravitational wave search algorithm XPipeline to search for gravitational waves in coincidence with external signals, such as radio pulses from the Green Bank telescope, during these times. We therefore present a study that characterizes two interferometer combinations to determine which of five veto methods utilized by XPipeline is most sensitive to gravitational waves. This is done by determining the gravitational wave amplitudes required to reach 50{\%} and 90{\%} efficiency for several types of simulated waveforms. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 17, 2014 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B5.00006: Conformal gravity, dark matter and time Jeffrey Hazboun, James Wheeler Starting with the conformal symmetries of Euclidean space, we construct a manifold where time manifests as a part of the geometry. Though there is no matter present in the geometry studied here, geometric terms analogous to dark energy and dark matter appear when we write down the Einstein tensor. Specifically, the quotient of the conformal group of Euclidean 4-space by its Weyl subgroup results in a geometry possessing many of the properties of relativistic phase space, including both a natural symplectic form and non-degenerate Killing metric. We show that the general solution possesses orthogonal Lagrangian submanifolds, with the induced metric and the spin connection on the submanifolds necessarily Lorentzian, despite the Euclidean starting point. We also find that two new tensor fields exist in this geometry, not present in Riemannian geometry. The first is a combination of the Weyl vector with the scale factor on the metric, and determines the time-like directions on the submanifolds. The second comes from the components of the spin connection. Finally, we show that in the absence of Cartan curvature or sources, the configuration space has geometric terms equivalent to a perfect fluid and a cosmological constant. [Preview Abstract] |
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