Bulletin of the American Physical Society
18th Biennial Intl. Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter held in conjunction with the 24th Biennial Intl. Conference of the Intl. Association for the Advancement of High Pressure Science and Technology (AIRAPT)
Volume 58, Number 7
Sunday–Friday, July 7–12, 2013; Seattle, Washington
Session B6: ME.1 Particulate/Porous Materials I |
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Chair: Brandon Lalone, United States Department of Energy Room: Cascade II |
Monday, July 8, 2013 9:15AM - 9:30AM |
B6.00001: The Sakharov Experiment Revisited for Granular Materials Tracy Vogler Sakharov and co-workers in 1965 proposed an experiment in which a sinusoidal perturbation in a planar wave evolves as it travels through a material. More recent, Liu and co-workers utilized gas gun techniques rather than explosives to drive the shock wave, resulting in a better defined input. The technique has been applied to liquids such as water and mercury as well as solids such as aluminum. All analyses of the experiments conducted to date have utilized a viscous fluid approach, even for the solids. Here, the concept of the decay of a perturbation in a shock wave is revisited and applied to granular materials. Simulations utilizing continuum models for the granular materials as well as mesoscale models in which individual particles are resolved are utilized. It is found that the perturbation decay is influenced by the strength (deviatoric behavior) used in the continuum model. In the mesocale calculations, the simulation parameters as well as the computational approach influence the results. Finally, initial experimental results for the technique using granular tungsten carbide are presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, July 8, 2013 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
B6.00002: Shock Propagation and Attenuation in Green River Oil Shale Dennis Grady Shock waves produced by planar impact of thin plates onto samples of oil shale are monitored with time-resolved velocity interferometer diagnostics. Peak shock stresses are below the Hugoniot elastic limit. Stress wave measurements at successive sample thickness are analyzed to determine the experimental shock energy attenuation with propagation distance. Shock attenuation is attributed to stress wave scattering at planes of oil shale kerogen within the shale matrix. Wave scattering from planar defects is evaluated from a shock physics perspective and a scattering model is constructed that sensibly reproduces the experimental measurements of shock energy attenuation in oil shale. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, July 8, 2013 9:45AM - 10:15AM |
B6.00003: Theoretical Equations of State for Porous/Granular Materials Invited Speaker: Jonathan Boettger Although the equation of state (EOS) for a porous/granular material is identical to the EOS for the equivalent non-porous material, the requirement that the EOS must provide a realistic model of the material in its porous/granular state adds additional challenges for EOS modelers. These difficulties can be divided into two broad categories. First, dynamic processes often drive porous/granular materials through regions of thermodynamic phase space that are poorly described by standard wide-ranging tabular EOS. Second, for materials that are only available in a granular form, it can be difficult to accurately measure the material properties/parameters that are routinely used to constrain a theoretical EOS. This talk will attempt to describe in some detail the many challenges posed to EOS modelers by porous/granular materials. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, July 8, 2013 10:15AM - 10:30AM |
B6.00004: Dynamic High-Pressure Behavior of Customized Silica Sand and Natural Moist Sandy Soil Gregory Kennedy, Naresh Thadhani The dynamic high-pressure behavior of two sets of sand based materials is presented. Sand and sandy soils with a wide range of properties have been studied in previous literature. Sand is a broad term that is applied to a wide range of geologic materials found in nature. This work investigates one complicated system, a natural sandy soil with an 8{\%} water content pressed to 1.7g/cm$^3$, and a customized high purity silica sand with rounded grains and controlled size, size distribution and water content. The customized sand was selected with two size ranges, approximately 50$\mu$m and 500$\mu$m, to provide a range of responses to compare with meso-scale simulations. The materials were pressed into a copper capsule ring connected to a copper driver plate and backed by a PMMA window. Experiments were performed in plate impact high velocity gas gun, using VISAR velocity interferometry and PVDF piezoelectric pressure gauges. The shock velocity was calculated from transit times measured from velocity profiles recorded by VISAR probes at the back surface of the driver and the rear surface of the sample in contact with the PMMA window. PVDF pressure gauges were used in some experiments to compare with the VISAR records. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, July 8, 2013 10:30AM - 10:45AM |
B6.00005: The effect of phase transition on the failure behaviors of PZT 95/5 under shock compression Fuping Zhang, Hongliang He, Gaomin Liu, Yusheng Liu PZT 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics has been utilized for the use in shock driven pulsed power supplies for many years. In previous studying, the low impendence failure layer had been confirmed in PZT 95/5 when the shock pressure is up to 2.4 GPa. But to the shock compression of the poled PZT 95/5, the failure behavior of this material is still unknown. In this paper, the failure behaviors of axially poled PZT 95/5 have been tested by measuring the particle velocity of the rear free surface at different pressures. Results show that the failure layer exists in poled PZT 95/5 when the shock pressure reaches 2.4 GPa. Through analysis the velocity profile of free surface, which shows that the velocity of failure layer is the same as the shock-wave speed and the delay time decreases with increasing the shock stress. Comparing the failure behaviors of unpoled PZT 95/5, it finds that the threshold pressure and the velocity of failure layer are the same, but the delay time in poled PZT 95/5 is slight higher than that in unpoled PZT 95/5. The FE to AFE phase transition has been suggested to explain the increase of the delay time in poled PZT 95/5. [Preview Abstract] |
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