Bulletin of the American Physical Society
84th Annual Meeting of the APS Southeastern Section
Volume 62, Number 13
Thursday–Saturday, November 16–18, 2017; Milledgeville, Georgia
Session B1: Applied Physics |
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Chair: David Lawrence, Jefferson Lab Room: MSU Building University Banquet Room A |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 11:00AM - 11:12AM |
B1.00001: Composite reinforced metallic cylinder for high speed rotation Dr. Sahadev Pradhan The objective of the present study is to design and development of the composite reinforced thin metallic cylinder to increase the peripheral speed significantly and thereby improve the separation performance in a centrifugal gas separation processes through proper optimization of the internal parameters. According to Dirac equation (Cohen (1951)), the maximum separative work for a centrifugal gas separation process increase with 4th power of the peripheral speed. Therefore, it has been intended to reinforce the metallic cylinder with composites (carbon fibers: T-700 and T- 1000 grade with suitable epoxy resin) to increase the stiffness and hoop stress so that the peripheral speed can be increased significantly, and thereby enhance the separative output. Here, we have developed the mathematical model to investigate the elastic stresses of a laminated cylinder subjected to mechanical, thermal and thermo-mechanical loading. A detailed analysis is carried out to underline the basic hypothesis of each formulation. Further, we evaluate the steady state creep response of the rotating cylinder and analyze the stresses and strain rates in the cylinder. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 11:12AM - 11:24AM |
B1.00002: Residual stress analysis based on an optical interferometric method Sagnhun Oh, JUN shitaka, Sanichiro Yoshida This paper discusses a method of residual stress analysis based on an optical interferometric method known as Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry (ESPI). We apply a small tensile load to the specimen and measure the resultant displacement with ESPI. Our hypothesis is that compressive/tensile residual stress causes acceleration in the same/opposite direction to the displacement due to the tensile load as the material returns/deviates from the equilibrium. Here we evaluate the acceleration by numerically differentiate displacement data taken successive time steps. Our preliminary study supports this hypothesis. The challenge is that the high frequency speckle noise superposed on the ESPI fringe patterns used for the displacement measurement compromises the evaluation of displacement and acceleration. We apply low-pass filtering techniques to remove the noise. Estimated residual stress data is being compared with results from X-ray diffractometry. Recent progress on the low-pass filtering and X-ray diffraction measurement will be reported. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 11:24AM - 11:36AM |
B1.00003: Quantum Efficiency Determination using Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy Brandon Couch, Stephen Johnson In this study, we present a new method to measure the fluorescence quantum efficiency (QE) of organic dyes using photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS).~ While PDS has been used in the past to measure QE, the data presented in this study were taken without the use of reference standards.~ Dyes used in the study had QE~ranging from 0-1 and data agree well with reported literature values.~ This new method obviates the need for integrating sphere setups and multiple calibration measurements, thereby streamlining the entire measurement process. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 11:36AM - 11:48AM |
B1.00004: Noninvasive method of detecting blistering in thin-film specimens David Didie, JongSung Kim, Sanichro Yoshida With our newly created noninvasive technique of detecting blistering in thin-film systems, we analyzed platinum-silicon specimens. These thin-film specimens were configured as an end-mirror of the Michelson interferometer with the film surface facing the beam splitter and oscillated with an acoustic transducer from the rear in driving frequency of 3 kHz- 10 kHz. The reference arm was slightly tilted horizontally so that the interference image had carrier fringes. The fringe pattern was monitored with a digital camera. Since the digital camera’s frame rate was significantly lower than the acoustic frequency, the fringe contrast reduced as the oscillation amplitude increased. The film-surface oscillation amplitude was evaluated from the reduction in the fringe contrast. We hypothesized that blistered area had weaker adhesion, hence resonance frequency of oscillation is lower than well-adhered region. Our experimental results indicate that at some driving frequencies, the fringe contrast of certain regions is clearly lower. These results support our hypothesis. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 11:48AM - 12:00PM |
B1.00005: Scalable patterning using laser-induced shock waves Saidjafarzoda Ilhom, Khomidkhodzha Kholikov, Peizhen Li, Claire Ottman, Dylan Sanford, Zachary Thomas, Omer San, Haluk E. Karaca, Ali Oguz Er An advanced direct imprinting method with low cost, quick, and minimal environmental impact to create thermally controllable surface pattern using the laser pulses is reported. Patterned micro indents were generated on Ni$_{\mathrm{50}}$Ti$_{\mathrm{50}}$~shape memory alloys (SMA) and aluminum using an Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm combined with suitable transparent overlay, a sacrificial layer of graphite, and copper grid. Laser pulses at different energy densities which generate pressure pulses up to a few GPa on the surface was focused through the confinement medium, ablating the copper grid to create plasma and transferring the grid pattern onto the surface. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope images show that various patterns were obtained on the surface with high fidelity. Optical profile analysis indicates that the depth of the patterned sample initially increase with the laser energy and later levels off. Our simulations of laser irradiation process also confirm that high temperature and high pressure could be generated when laser energy of 2 J/cm$^{\mathrm{2}}$~is used. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 12:00PM - 12:12PM |
B1.00006: Evaluation of residual stress by measuring resonant frequency with Optical Method Shuhei Miyazaki, Sanichiro Yoshida, Tomohiro Sasaki Residual stress in dissimilar welding is important for quality management. A number of techniques are available for residual stress analysis such as X-ray diffraction and hole-drilling methods. However, these methods are time-consuming. We propose to assess residual stress of dissimilar lap-welded plates from analysis of harmonic response of the specimen. We hypothesize that residual stresses alters the elastic modulus and hence shifts the resonant frequency. In this study, as the first step for the above approach, we used annealed and quenched cantilever specimens of the same material for a proof of the principle. We oscillated the cantilever by applying sinusoidal forced at the free end. By sweeping the driving frequency around theoretical resonant frequency, we observed resonant behaviors of the oscillation. We used optical interferometry to visualize the out-of-plane oscillation of the specimen. We develop a technique to use a digital camera whose frame rate is significantly lower than the driving frequency. As expected, the amplitude of specimen changed remarkably around the resonant frequency, and digital camera was able to detect this as fringe images. We were able to identify the resonant frequency. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 12:12PM - 12:24PM |
B1.00007: Laser-induced hydrogen generation from graphite and coal Khomidkhodzha Kholikov, Dovletgeldi Seyitliyev, Byron Grant, Omer San, Ali Er We present a simple way of obtaining hydrogen gas from various ranks of coal, coke, and graphite using nanosecond laser pulses under different conditions such as water, air and argon atmosphere. Coal samples were initially characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and calorimeter. It was observed that 532 nm laser pulses were more effective than 1064 nm pulses in gas generation and both were nonlinearly correlated with respect to the laser energy density. Gas chromatography measurements indicate that mainly hydrogen and carbon monoxide were generated. The hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio shows that the highest efficiency rank was anthracite coal, with an average ratio of 1.4 due to its high fixed-carbon content and relatively high hydrocarbon amount. Graphite was used as a pure carbon source to study the possible reactions of gas yielded during the irradiation process. In addition, theoretical simulations using a standard finite difference method supported experimental observations. The possible mechanisms of gas generation were explained with chemical reactions. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, November 16, 2017 12:24PM - 12:36PM |
B1.00008: Residual stress analysis with visualization thermal deformation using Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry Jun Shitaka, Sanichiro Yoshida, Tomohiro Sasaki A nondestructive method to analyze brazing-induced residual stress is proposed. This method applies thermal loads to the specimen and visualizes the resultant deformation using optical interferometry known as Electronic Speckle-Pattern Interferometry (ESPI). Using the temperature dependence of the thermal expansion and elastic modulus known for the material, we estimate the residual stresses from the visualized deformation. As a temperature rise, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases and elastic modulus decreases. On the other hand, compressive/tensile residual stress increases/decreases elastic modulus as the inter-atomic distance decreases/increases. This is because the inter-atomic potential energy curve is steeper on the short interatomic distance side of the equilibrium. In this study, we used a dissimilar joint tool steel SKD11 and cemented carbide V30, as a sample specimen. We plan to compare the estimated residual stress with an analysis based on X-ray diffractometry. Our final goal is to develop a totally nondestructive method based on the thermal loading and ESPI deformation analysis. We will report our preliminary results of the research. [Preview Abstract] |
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