Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2007 Ohio Section APS/SOS/AAPT Joint Fall Meeting
Volume 52, Number 15
Friday–Saturday, October 19–20, 2007; Oxford, Ohio
Session C3: High Energy and Nuclear Physics |
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Chair: Perry Rice, Miami University Room: Culler Hall 216 |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 8:30AM - 8:42AM |
C3.00001: Undergraduate research in nuclear physics in Youngstown State University's Isomer Physics Project James Carroll Experimental research into the interaction of isomeric nuclei with the electromagnetic field has been conducted by the YSU Isomer Physics Project for more than a decade. Among the numerous studies have been a detailed investigation of the induced depletion of nature's rarest isotope, $^{180}$Ta, and the characterization of a new 2.29 s isomer in $^{174}$Tm. The backbone of these efforts has been comprised of undergraduate students from a variety of majors, performing experiments at facilities such as SPring-8 (Japan), Argonne National Laboratory (with Gammasphere), TRIUMF (Canada) and YSU's own X-ray Effects Laboratory (XEL). This talk with briefly survey the involvement of undergraduate students in this work. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 8:42AM - 8:54AM |
C3.00002: Status of a test of induced depletion of $^{108m}$Ag using bremsstrahlung at Youngstown State University's X-ray Effects Laboratory Trevor Balint, Geoffrey Trees, Matthew Ragan, Nathan Caldwell, Stephen Smyczynski, Sean Ludt, Stephanie McCann, Robert Gurney, Marc Litz, George Merkel, Nino Pereira, Mike Helba, Hill Roberts, Joe Schumer, Sarkis Karamian, James Carroll It has been suggested that long-lived nuclear isomers could provide energy storage for applications. Utilizing an isomer in an application would require some means by which to induce a premature energy release due to a depletion of the number of nuclei in the isomeric state within a sample. An experiment is in development as part of Youngstown State University's Isomer Physics Project to test if an induced depletion of the 418 year isomer of $^{108}$Ag can be caused by bremsstrahlung at YSU's X-ray Effects Laboratory (XEL). This talk will discuss the aims, design and status of the experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 8:54AM - 9:06AM |
C3.00003: Data analysis for the level scheme of $^{175}$Tm obtained with the TRIUMF ``8-$\pi $'' gamma-ray array Nathan Caldwell, John Hoffman, James Carroll TRIUMF's ISAC accelerator/mass-separator system was used to produce $^{175}$Tm, which was deposited onto a tape-drive system at the center of the ``8-$\pi $'' array. Subsequent gamma decays were recorded by the array's 20 Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. Sorting of the resulting $\gamma -\gamma $ coincidence matrices can be used to investigate the level scheme, including electromagnetic transition intensities. This talk will discuss the status of analysis for this experiment, using the programs in the Radware software suite. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 9:06AM - 9:18AM |
C3.00004: Determination of the Secondary Emission Coefficient $\gamma$ Used in Electron Capture Cross Section Measurements in Low-Energy Collisions of Multiply-Charged Ions with Atoms J.D. Thomas, T.J. Kvale, D.G. Seely, C.C. Havener Total cross section measurements of electron capture processes are important to the understanding of plasmas. One beamline at the Multicharged Ion Research Facility (MIRF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is devoted to the study of electron capture processes in low-energy, ion-atom collisions of the form, A$^{q+}$ + H(D). In these experiments, the projectile and target beams are detected via Faraday cup detectors in which electrical currents are measured. The secondary emission coefficient, $\gamma$, is defined to be the number of secondary electrons emitted from the surface of the detector upon impact of an ion or atom. Definitive values of $\gamma$ are necessary to accurately convert the measured electrical currents to the correct particle beam currents and thus obtain accurate cross section values. In this talk, the methods employed to determine $\gamma$ and plans for testing its dependence on incident neutral beam energy will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 9:18AM - 9:30AM |
C3.00005: Cockcroft-Walton Base Design for Photomultiplier Tube Experiments Caitlin Malone Economical generation of the high voltage required to run a photomultiplier tube motivates the development of a low-cost voltage multiplier circuit. The Cockcroft-Walton design circuit, in which an oscillating signal drives a diode-capacitor chain, utilizes the parasitic capacitance of the diodes in generating the high voltage. Controlling the oscillating signal with a microcontroller permits the novel strategy of further amplifying the voltage by running the circuit at its natural resonant frequency. Additionally, the microcontroller can provide for a serial interface for controlling and monitoring high voltage, stabilize the high voltage via a feedback mechanism, and enable other features such as an LED pulser for phototube calibration and testing. Careful choices in the microcontroller and circuit design allow for a low-cost, flexible voltage multiplier circuit for photomultiplier tubes. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 9:30AM - 9:42AM |
C3.00006: Improving the Higgs Mass Resolution Jessica Hanzlik The search for the Higgs boson is of great interest, with a variety of searches ongoing at the CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron at Fermilab, as well as planned searches in the upcoming LHC detectors ATLAS and CMS. At Fermilab, one primary mode for a low mass Higgs is via ZH production. In this channel, the Z boson decays into a neutrino pair, and the Higgs boson decays into a bottom quark and an anti-bottom quark pair. In these events, there are two jets (from the two quarks) ass well as a large energy imbalance from the undetected neutrinos. This analysis investigates the use of the energy imbalance to improve the measurement of the individual jets and thus the determination of the resulting Higgs mass. The method we investigate involves the use of Artificial Neural Networks. We present expected improvements in Higgs mass resolution. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 9:42AM - 9:54AM |
C3.00007: Measurement of the Branching Fractions for $B^0_s\rightarrow J/\psi\,\phi$ and $B^0_s\rightarrow J/\psi\, K^0_S$ at the $\Upsilon(5S)$ Resonance Kazi Sayeed, Alan Schwartz We measure the branching fractions for $B^0_s\rightarrow J/ \psi\,\phi$ and $B^0_s\rightarrow J/\psi\, K^0_S$ decays using 23.5~fb$^{-1}$ of data collected on the $\Upsilon(5S)$ resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The $J/\psi$ candidates are reconstructed from both $e^+e^-$ and $\mu^+\mu^-$ pairs; $\phi$ candidates are reconstructed from $K^+K^-$ pairs; and $K_S^0$ candidates are reconstructed from $\pi^+\pi^-$ pairs. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 9:54AM - 10:06AM |
C3.00008: GLAST Gamma-Ray Identification using a Neural Network Lindsey Perry Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), are the brightest events in our universe and last anywhere between milliseconds to a few minutes. GRBs are thought to occur when a giant star collapses into a black hole, or when two neutron stars collide. The Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) is a satellite mission which will detect gamma ray photons which come from GRBs as well as other astrophysical phenommena. Although GLAST is designed to detect gamma rays, approximately 90 percent of the events which are downlinked are background events such as protons, electrons, and positrons. A major limitation of GLAST is the limited alloted downlink bandwidth, and so understanding these backgrounds may allow us to improve both the background rejection and gamma-ray purity of the resulting data. This analysis describes a technique for identifying backgrounds in the GLAST data sample, based on Artificial Neural Networks. Understanding the particle composition will help in the identification of true Gamma-rays, therefore impacting all science done with GLAST. GLAST is managed by NASA in partnership with the Department of Energy, and is scheduled to launch in early 2008. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 20, 2007 10:06AM - 10:18AM |
C3.00009: An Exactly Soluble Quantum Mechanics Problem and its String Theory Applications Jeremy Michelson A Hamiltonian which can be exactly solved using algebraic techniques will be presented. Both supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric versions of this problem exist. Exactly solvable quantum mechanics are interesting in their own right, but this one also has applications to the quantum Hall effect and to string theoretic understandings of black holes. [Preview Abstract] |
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