Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2009 Joint Spring Meeting of the New England Section of APS and AAPT
Volume 54, Number 5
Friday–Saturday, May 8–9, 2009; Boston, Massachusetts
Session APSP: APS Posters |
Hide Abstracts |
Chair: George Alverson, Northeastern University Room: Curry Student Center Ballroom |
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APSP.00001: Evaluating Effectiveness of an Inquiry Curriculum using FCI and CLASS as Assessment Tools J. Russell Harkay The Force Concept Inventory\footnote{D. Hestenes, Arizona State University, modified by E. Mosca} and Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey\footnote{W. K. Adams, N. S Podolefsky, N. D. Finkelstein, Univ. of Colorado} were administered to students enrolled in inquiry and traditional algebra-based courses both before and after completion of courses using the NSF-sponsored Phenomenal Physics curriculum developed by Harkay, et. al. Results are used to interpret course effectiveness in the areas of retention of concepts, knowledge of basic physics, and student attitudes toward physics and learning physics. Information from CLASS is used to probe how student beliefs impact and are impacted by their educational experience. Normalized gains indicate that the inquiry curriculum is both robust and effective. Both of the instruments are well-established and validated using reliability studies and extensive statistical analysis of responses. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00002: On Emergent Physics, Unparticles and Exotic Unmatter States Ervin Goldfain, Florentin Smarandache Emergent physics refers to the formation and evolution of collective patterns in systems that are nonlinear and out-of-equilibrium. This type of large-scale behavior often develops as a result of simple interactions at the component level and involves a dynamic interplay between order and randomness. On account of its universality, there are credible hints that emergence may play a leading role in the Tera-ElectronVolt (TeV) sector of particle physics. Following this path, we examine the possibility of hypothetical highenergy states that have fractional number of quanta per state and consist of arbitrary mixtures of particles and antiparticles. These states are similar to ``un-particles'', massless fields of non-integral scaling dimensions that were recently conjectured to emerge in the TeV sector of particle physics. They are also linked to unmatter, exotic clusters of matter and antimatter introduced few years ago in the context of Neutrosophy. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00003: Darwinian Evolution and Fractals Paul H. Carr Did nature's beauty emerge by chance or was it intelligently designed? Richard Dawkins asserts that evolution is blind aimless chance. Michael Behe believes, on the contrary, that the first cell was intelligently designed. The scientific evidence is that nature's creativity arises from the interplay between chance AND design (laws). Darwin's ``Origin of the Species,'' published 150 years ago in 1859, characterized evolution as the interplay between variations (symbolized by dice) and the natural selection law (design). This is evident in recent discoveries in DNA, Madelbrot's Fractal Geometry of Nature, and the success of the genetic design algorithm. Algorithms for generating fractals have the same interplay between randomness and law as evolution. Fractal statistics, which are not completely random, characterize such phenomena such as fluctuations in the stock market, the Nile River, rainfall, and tree rings. As chaos theorist Joseph Ford put it: God plays dice, but the dice are loaded. Thus Darwin, in discovering the evolutionary interplay between variations and natural selection, was throwing God's dice! [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00004: Hidden Variables: The Elementary Quantum of Light Juliana Brooks Re-interpretation of the work of Max Karl Planck has revealed classical hidden variables in his famous quantum work. A historical background will first be given to help the audience place this re-interpretation into historical perspective. A hidden variable was present in earlier versions of Planck's quantum formula, but omitted from his final version. Upon restoration of the variable to Planck's quantum formula, the interpretation of quantum mechanics is simplified and enriched. Planck's proportionality constant, h, takes on deeper meaning. Prior concepts regarding the photon are placed in a new perspective, and a new elementary particle of light, with an invariant and universal energy constant, is revealed. Wave-particle duality, quantum uncertainty, and reconciliation of quantum mechanics with general relativity become less paradoxical. Awareness of the hidden variable in Planck's quantum formula suggests a means to bring quantum mechanics to a more complete state and resolve some of the quantum paradoxes. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00005: Collapse Condition for a Spherically Symmetric Static Universe Dmitri Rabounski, Larissa Borissova A static model of a universe has been obtained from Einstein's equations for a gravitational field inside a sphere of a radius A, filled with a incompressible liquid of a constant density 10$^{-31}$ g/cm$^{3}$. It is shown that gravitational collapse occurs in the scale 11.94x10$^{28}$ cm $<$ R $<$ 12.69x10$^{28}$ cm so that the gravitational radius is R$_{g}\le $A: at the Hubble radius, R$_{H}$=1.3x10$^{28}$ cm, collapse is impossible. Two models are considered: 1) a Hubble universe (A=R$_{H})$; 2) a universe containing a collapsar inside (R$_{g}<$A). Both cases contain a gravitational inertial force of repulsion, which is proportional to distance R. Three-dimensional curvature is negative and constant in the both cases. Four-dimensional curvature is 1) positive always in a Hubble universe (Case 1, A=R$_{H})$, 2) increasing from a negative value on the sphere's radius A, then getting zero value within the sphere up to positive infinity on the collapsar's surface (Case 2, A$>$R$_{g})$. Redshift in both models is due to the repulsing gravitational inertial force (not the Doppler effect), and is a square function of distance at large R. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00006: Fringe Particles Richard Kriske As energies to generate particles increases, there is a small chance that Particles may appear at lower energies than predicted. The Author of this paper submits a mathematical model that quantifies some of the statistics of these unlikely appearances and makes a prediction at what the least energy of appearance of some of these particles. Some of these energies have been recently reached and the predictions seem reasonable. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00007: Evolved Models for Elementary Particles and Atoms Require Alternating Neutrino/Antineutrino Pairs Along Interlocked or Looped Strings. Traveling Waves, TW, and Standing Waves, SW, Alternate at Nodal Notches Roger David McLeod, David Matthew McLeod Our hydrogen atom interacts with a neutron star. Its stringy TW/SW electron is cut by a neutrino scissor that instantly becomes its end anti-node. The string has one extra neutrino in 100,000. Antimatter remains concealed. Our Dumbo Proton of a TW state is similarly cut. Inside the star, electron string/spring compresses 100,000 and 1836 times more, to proton's linear mass density. Electrostatics encourages that caboose, stringy electron, to couple with a cut proton. Linear charge densities neutralize while composite length contracts 20{\%}. The writhing string evicts an antineutrino at closure on Pauli's authority, becoming Mickey Neutron, with looped quarks. Unstable Mickey Neutron has his ear notch forced into an ear notch of stable Dumbo Proton, achieving immortality in this deuteron marriage. Tritium is in a m\'{e}nage a trois. Alpha Nucleus has a {\#} grid. Meta state Ne-20 predicts alpha eviction to O-16. Schr\"{o}dinger finally prevails, so string theory and Wave Mechanics can prosper. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00008: We Detected Phenomena, Like Africa's Dogon, that Speak of Stellar Gravitational Neutrino Interactions David Matthew McLeod, Roger David McLeod Stick figure equivalents of Kokopelli/Pele/Pamola/Thor/Orion/Osiris, Canis Major/Anubis/Wolf/Fox, Leo/Bird Tailed Jaguar/Beaver Tailed Mountain Lion, were detected by us. They figure heavily in the spiritual/scientific world view of many traditional societies, and their cultural respect for the information such figures convey. Scientific instruments from the past were our laboratories, and theirs. All string/stick figure equivalents may represent types of longitudinally aligned neutrino flux between certain stellar pairs. Neutrino beams from distant pulsars, quasars, or other neutrino sources, cannot penetrate these graviton-like strings. They do pass through sectors of Earth, projecting stick figures within instruments like the Watch House at America's Stonehenge, and perhaps the chamber beneath the Great Pyramid. Sirius B, as the heaviest object in ``our'' universe for the Dogon, means it shares a profound graviton-like neutrino highway to our sun, as Sirius B/A do within Canis Major. It is possibly projected by a source within the Canis Major dwarf galaxy at about 3,000 times as distant as Sirius B/A at 8.7 ly. [Preview Abstract] |
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APSP.00009: Integration of ``Missing'' Antimatter as Constituent Parts of Stringy Standard Particle Physics Silvia Flavia, Roger David McLeod Neutron star physics, merged with aspects of string theory, allows elementary particle models, including quarks, to emerge. An electron, comprised of alternating neutrino/antineutrino pairs vibrating transversely to a string-like closed path, must be cut by a neutrino scissor, since the open string instantly requires a neutrino at its end anti-node. This natural situation adequately conceals interior antineutrinos, alternating in pairs with neutrinos. Models like these depict the progression of elements, and Standard Model constituents. We construct them at Mechanical Engineering lab rooms, using SolidWorks{\texttrademark} extensions as research tools. We model nuclei and their isotopes, in notch-engaged travelling wave, TW, states, which alternate with standing wave, SW, states. The models replicate observed phenomena. A mating model for a cut electron string coupling with a cut proton string requires the cut proton to have an antineutrino acceptor. The proton has a matching antineutrino at the other, antinode end, which consequently can consummate closed loop linkage birthing Dumbo Neutron at the compressed electron loose caboose's linking up neutrino end. This conceals antimatter. [Preview Abstract] |
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