Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2019 Annual Fall Meeting of the APS New England Section
Volume 64, Number 21
Friday–Saturday, October 11–12, 2019; Warwick, Rhode Island
Session C01: General Physics I |
Hide Abstracts |
Chair: Grant O'Rielly, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth Room: Knight Campus CCRI 4090 |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
C01.00001: The first observation of an optical counterpart to a Short GRB from the Czech Republic: GRB160927A Simon Trcka The robotic telescope D50, located at the Ondrejov Observatory in Czech republic, routinely follows-up triggers of Gamma-Ray Bursts in order to study their optical counterparts. While the afterglows of long gamma-ray bursts are relatively bright, the optical emission of short bursts is much weaker and more difficult to detect. We present the first-ever optical counterpart of a short burst detected in the Czech Republic by our robotic system. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
C01.00002: Global warming impact on low frequency sound absorption in the sea: update and possible projection. David Browning, Peter Herstein Of the estimated 2.5 million pounds of carbon dioxide that is ejected every second into the earth's atmosphere, approximately 25\% is absorbed into the ocean resulting in increasing ocean acidification. In addition to harmful effects on marine life, this acidification also impacts the principal cause of low frequency sound absorption in seawater, resulting in a decrease in low frequency sound propagation loss in the ocean. Recent data show a continuation of the steady increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide with a corresponding decrease in ocean surface pH (thereby increasing acidification) that has occurred in this century. The United Nations Climate Action Summit 2019 strongly recommends that these levels be stabilized in 12 years which would limit the decrease in low frequency absorption to 25\%. The potential impact on the SONAR equation will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
C01.00003: Effect of Gold Nanoparticle Size on Radiation Therapy Enhancement for JC cells Bindeshwar Sah, Jing Wu, Michael Antosh Radiation therapy is a regularly used technique for the treatment of cancer therapy. Radiation therapy aims to maximize damage in cancer cells while minimizing effects on surrounding healthy cells. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown the potential to enhance the effects of X-ray irradiation on cancer cells. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate what size of gold nanoparticles can enhance radiation therapy. We performed an in vitro experiment (JC mouse breast cancer cells) using X-rays and gold nanoparticles of size 5, 15, 30, 50 and 100 nm. Cells were treated with the same total mass of gold (0.05 µg) for each size, and different radiation energies were used (100, 250 and 350 kVp). A linear mixed model was performed with the logarithm transformation of survival fraction as the response variable, experiment id as the random effect covariate, and nanoparticle size, radiation dose and energy as fixed effect covariates. The results showed that all sizes of gold nanoparticles were able to reduce cell survival, and that 50 nm nanoparticles had the strongest effect. These results demonstrate that the size of gold nanoparticles plays a key factor in radiation enhancement. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
C01.00004: The emergence and persistence of applied physics as a broad horizon Allan Pierce Prompted by this meeting's provocative theme of "The Broad Horizon of Careers in Physics," the author first gives a historical account as to how applied physics emerged during WW II in the United States as a way for persons trained in physics to "spend one's days." The physics departments were more or less emptied out and the faculty and graduate students went to a variety of government-sponsored labs, and there was also a huge importation of physicists from abroad. The work was heavy on physics and applied to defense problems, including radar, sonar, and of course nuclear energy. After the war, the defense-related applied physics work continued in a variety of newly created organizations, some carry-overs of those created during the war. Such became a major source of employment for physicists. Employing firms included the RAND Corporation, the Institute for Defense Analysis, MITRE, Avco, Arete, SAIC, Applied Physical Sciences, American Science and Engineering, Lincoln Laboratories, Physical Sciences, Inc., Cambridge Acoustical Associates, and many others. The report will dwell on how these firms got started, who funds them, who they hire, and the types of projects they work on. The procedures of starting small businesses of this type are discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
C01.00005: Educational Opportunities at Physics Unlimited. Pavel Shibayev As recent graduates of Princeton University, we have built from scratch a small nonprofit organization with the goal of developing long-term extracurricular learning and enrichment opportunities for high school students in physics and STEM across the globe. Expanding an annual physics competition, the original venture we founded in 2014, we now partner with several organizations and institutions of higher education in several countries through our independent 501(c)(3) nonprofit, run fully on a voluntary basis. At this point, besides plans to substantially grow our base of competitors, we have several new directions we would like to pursue in order to benefit students who statistically have less exposure to physics in high schools here in the U.S. and those who are historically underrepresented in this subject area. Our newest initiative, the Moonshot Program, is designed to teach a series of physics lessons to incarcerated learners over the course of 12 weeks, engaging them in the subject matter, and we are actively seeking volunteer instructors for this program. We have other ideas to both uncover hidden talent and bring many new people into this field. To learn more about our plans and get involved you may visit our website, http://physicsu.org [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
C01.00006: The Geological Characteristics of Spacetime Kevin Harding The fabric of spacetime travels through the planet earth. Time inside the planet earth moves slower than the time near the planet's surface and slower than the time in space. The visual depiction of earth sitting on a 2-dimensoinal fabric of spacetime is inaccurate. The earth is encased in cubes of spacetime that pass through the planets center and extends outwardly into space approaching infinity. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 12, 2019 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
C01.00007: Mirrors for Earth's Energy Rebalancing (\textit{MEER:ReflEction}): Resource-driven engineering leveraging Earth's chemistries to immediately offer remediation Ye Tao Anthropogenic aerosols (AA) and greenhouse gases (GHG) co-emit into the atmosphere as peoples exercise unalienable rights in pursuit of well-being and prosperity. Airborne, AA cool the Earth almost as much as GHG warm it. This balancing act has masked an additional 1C of warming, should the AA disappear along with fossil fuel burning without compensatory solar radiation management. In this scenario, knowledge of ecology would project the annihilation of already shifting and collapsing ecosystems. The inconvenient truth of cooling by AA renders the sum of incremental adaptation measures insufficient, regardless of implementation scale and speed of implementation, for halting an ongoing extinction of complex life on this planet. Here, we step back, take a holistic view of the Earth, and design a geoengineering project compatible with the laws of physics, empirical evidence of ecosystem functioning, as well as constrains in material, energy, economics, and sociopolitics. \textit{MEER:ReflEction} applies aluminum-coated glass mirror arrays for solar radiation management. We find it feasibly necessary to deploy the arrays on land and at sea within single-digit years to fully rebalance Earth's energy. The cost for full deployment is comparable to the projected increase in risk to global assets by 2030 in the event of inaction. Decisive co-benefits, including a concurrent global transition to 100{\%} solar thermal energy, make \textit{MEER:ReflEction} the only plan available to \textit{homo sapiens} that optimizes its near-term survival and future prosperity as a people. [Preview Abstract] |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700