Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2019 Annual Fall Meeting of the APS New England Section
Volume 64, Number 21
Friday–Saturday, October 11–12, 2019; Warwick, Rhode Island
Session B01: Poster Session |
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Chair: Matthew Riegar, Community College of Rhode Island Room: Knight Campus CCRI Great Hall |
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B01.00001: Computational and Physical Analysis for Bioimage Processing to Increase the Quality of the Image Kyoungwan Woo, Richard Kyung Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique is commonly used to improve the quality of the image of the subject’s anatomy through mathematical and physical transformation. The data for the image is composed of numerical arrays and the information is first transformed into a frequency space. The space is transformed into an image domain through a transformation called Fourier Transformation. In this paper, various numerical filter functions were applied using computer programming as low pass filters to create better images. All the different types of functions as filters showed their distinct features and were compared to one another. A non-conventional approach and trial and error were employed while filters were tested on the full K-space in order to find the efficient filter, The proposed filters were different from the classical square function and the Gaussian function having a few advantages or properties over the old functions. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00002: Characterization of the Muon through Application of Python Data Analysis. Christopher Gamble Muons are subatomic particles that are most commonly the result of cosmic rays or created by particle accelerators. These particles have the same charge as an electron but have two hundred times the mass. The muon is unstable and decays into many different lighter particles, most commonly into an electron, an electron anti-neutrino, and a muon neutrino. Through analyzing these decays, we can understand the mediating mechanism of subatomic particle decay called the Weak Force, a component of our current Standard Model of particle physics. This study uses muons created by neutrino interactions in the MINER$\nu$A detector, a neutrino scattering experiment at Fermilab. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00003: An Applied Mathematics Solution to the Double Slit Experiment. Jeffrey Boyd Unsolved mathematics problems always require an unanticipated angle of attack. The double slit experiment is such a problem. There is evidence that sometimes particles follow zero energy waves backwards, although that is counterintuitive. Putting aside the question ``How?,'' we would increase the tools available if we posited such waves coming from every point on the target screen, passing through the two slits and interfering near the particle gun. Based on the strength of that interference a particle would randomly select one incident wave to follow backwards. After that the particle would follow its wave with a probability of one, subject to no further interference, going through only one of the slits (it doesn't matter which) and impacting the screen at precisely that point from which its wave emanates. It is easy to show that this results in precisely the same mathematics and the same pattern on the target screen. When we search for a model for such a wave, we find a wave designed by Feynman, but we reverse its direction. We can show that such waves form a linear vector space with an inner product, that is a Hilbert space. These hypothetical waves obey the Schroedinger equation, an equation that conveys zero energy but carries probability amplitudes. Wave equations are the same if the waves reverse directions. This unusual approach calls for three new axioms: 1. Wave function collapse precedes measurement; 2. There is no wave particle duality; 3. Particles follow zero energy Schrodinger waves backwards. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00004: Study on EIA spectral profiles as a function of applied static magnetic field Zeeshan Jadoon, Aisar Ul Hassan, Heung-Ryoul Noh, Jin-Tae Kim EIA spectral profiles are studied as a function of applied static B-Field for the hyperfine transition from F$_{\mathrm{g}}=$3 to F$_{\mathrm{e}}=$3 of $^{\mathrm{85}}$Rb atoms at room temperature. We prepare resonant weak probe and strong coupling fields with a single laser using two AOMs. At zero B-field, laser radiation is on resonance with the degenerate N-type system. However, the degeneracy is lifted by the application of B-field, as all the magnetic sublevels are shifted except m$=$0 due to Zeeman effect. Coherence among the Zeeman sublevels is lost by the formation of multiple N-level subsystems. The amplitude of broad EIA spectral profile with the line width of 261 kHz splits into three spectra with the narrower line width of210 kHz at center and broad side bands of line width of 310 kHz. Experimental magneto-optical EIA signals match well with the theoretical calculations solved via time-dependent density matrix equations with multi-photon interactions between hyperfine sublevels. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00005: Detection of Global Atmospheric Oscillations Through Long Term Single Site Measurements Marcus Alcantara Silva, Nimmi Sharma, Seth Gagnon Diurnal and semidiurnal atmospheric oscillations arise from a variety of sources around the globe. These oscillations affect atmospheric pressure, however, their magnitude is typically dwarfed by natural local variations in weather phenomenon. To detect these variations atmospheric pressure data were obtained using a PA-II-SD air quality sensor manufactured by PurpleAir. Atmospheric pressure data were collected approximately every 2 minutes for 57 days. Long term averages of these data allowed for the detection of small semidiurnal atmospheric oscillation. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00006: Study on the CNT Nanoparticles Used in Treatment for Cancer Using Bio-chemical and Computational Analysis Nuo Cheng, Richard Kyung Computational biomedical simulation with nano technology is perceived as a new approach to an alternative method for future solution of cancer research. In recent years, potential solutions in cancer treatment used nano scaled carbon nanotube complexes, since they are believed to be able to stabilize the cells affected by cancer. A free-radical chain reaction capable of propagating in space is the major oxidative reaction in biomembranes. In the light of the promising use of carbon nanotube complexes, this paper studies their thermodynamic safety and stability to inhibit the free-radical chain reaction which propagates in tissue space. For this purpose, we used the program Avogadro to model, optimize, and compare the resulting molecular energy of the clusters. Various types of Carbon Nanotube(CNT) derivatives were tested for their thermodynamic stabilities, which were measured through the optimized energies. The reactivity and conductivity were also measured through the dipole moments to calculate the activity level the molecule could have with other nearby molecules. Lastly, electrostatic potential maps were utilized to visualize the polarization and assess the reactivity level of each molecule. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00007: Study on the Active Optical Layers in the Organic Solar Cell to Improve Electricity Using Physical and Computational Analysis Chris Lee, Richard Kyung Solar cell is a photovoltaic cell which produces electricity in the photoactive layer from sunlight by the photovoltaic effect. Many conductive organic polymers can be used in the photoactive layer to increase the efficiency of light absorption and charge the solar cell. In this paper, optical properties of fullerene derivatives, such as optimized energy(kJ/mol), dipole moment(debye) and electro-potential map were determined in the assessment of efficiency of the solar energy. Also variations of the functional group on the fullerenes were considered to check those dependencies on solar energy output. As electron acceptors in the photoactive layer, various types of organic compounds including PCBM, a fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, were tested in the present organic solar cell simulations. Computational editing programs have been used in an effort to discover the optimal method and to compute the measurements of stability of the organic nanoparticles used in the solar cell. To determine optimization energy and electrical activity, an auto optimize tool was used for each fullerene derivative in this project. Also, the Universal Force Field (UFF) option was selected and applied to all fullerene derivatives modeled in this research. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00008: Study on the Chelators Used in Treatment for Neurodegenerative Disease Using Bio-chemical and Computational Analysis Mia Moon, Amanda Kyung Iron homeostasis is currently emerging as a key factor in maintaining brain health and preventing disease. In several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or macular degeneration, iron homeostasis has been disrupted and elevated levels of redox active metals were detected in the brain. In this research, computational methods employing quantum chemistry were used to model various chelator candidates for iron and other metal ion chelation therapy in the brain. The molecules were assessed for thermodynamic stability, reactivity, and polarization. For certain hydroxyquinoline chelates, moderate molecules and EDTA series were tested for their thermodynamic stabilities, which were measured through the optimized energies. The reactivity and conductivity were also measured through the dipole moments to calculate the activity level the molecule could have with other nearby molecules. Lastly, electrostatic potential maps were utilized to visualize the polarization and assess the reactivity level of each molecule. As antioxidants, hydroxyquinoline chelates showed good activity and stability. However, as multimodal agents, EDTA analogues showed less activity compared to the hydroxyquinoline chelates due to their geometrical aspects. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00009: Systematic studies of MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$/MWCNT nanocomposite for supercapacitor applications. Seth Gagnon, Rian Tucci, Mikaela Santo, Rilind Abazi, Peter LeMaire, Ellen Scanley, Christine Broadbridge, Rahul Singhal We have synthesized MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ multiwall carbon nanotube composites (MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$-CNT) with CNT concentrations of 1, 4, and 10 mg/ml in the reaction mixture. The phase purity of the synthesized nanocomposites was evaluated using X-ray diffraction and the MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$-CNT morphology was studied using conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrodes of MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$/CNT nanocomposites were prepared by coating a slurry of synthesized materials, PVDF binder, and carbon black [wt. ratio 80:10:10] onto Ni mesh. The electrodes were electrochemically characterized using cyclic voltammetry at various scan rate from 20 mV/s -- 200 mV/s. The charge-discharge and cycleability studies were carried out at various current rate between 0.5A/g -- 5A/g using MnO$_{\mathrm{2}}$/CNT electrodes, Pt foil, and Ag/AgCl as working, counter, and reference electrodes, respectively. The detailed results will be presented at the meeting. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00010: Nonlinear Optical Properties of Gold Nanostructures at Strong Laser Excitation Zibo Wang, mengyan shen, zhe kan This research showed positive results that the surface plasmonic effect holds at extreme femtosecond laser fluence. Hole burning experiments and measurement of optics constant at extreme intensity suggested damping factor is tripled at 10e7 J/m2 fluence, which suggested a remaining 10{\%} plasmonic enhancement efficiency at such intensities, which is explained using quantum field theories. Single pulse hole burning experiment performed in a mixture of nanorods with a broad absorption around 800 nm with a 35 fs laser with 800 nm wavelength and 6 mJ per pulse. Optic constants were obtained by measuring single pulse transmission and reflection data from a free-standing gold film that could move along a stage. Those results allow future research of creating neutron beam by irradiating gold nanostructures in deuterated materials. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00011: High spin intruder states of $^{47}$Sc and $^{48}$Sc using fusion evaporation reactions Peter DeRosa, Andrew Macgregor, Daniel FouldsHolt, Peter Bender Identifying collective states with clear n-particle-n-hole structure near closed shells can reveal deformation driving orbital characteristics. Such states, often high-spin in nature, can be populated using the fusion-evaporation reaction mechanism, extracted using gamma-ray spectroscopy techniques and compared to state-of-the-art theoretical shell model calculations. Recently, an experiment to look for intruder states in $^{47,48}$Sc was done using the $^{36}$S$(^{14}$C$,p)$ and $^{36}$S$(^{14}$C,$pn)$ reactions at 34-MeV performed at Florida State University's John D. Fox superconducting Laboratory. The experimental setup included an array of HPGe detectors surrounding the enriched $^{36}$S as well as a Si particle detector telescope located at zero-degrees with respect to the beam axis. The telescope has allowed specific reaction residue to be correlated with observed $\gamma$-rays. We present preliminary results from the experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00012: Detector characterization and spectroscopy with C$^{\mathrm{7}}$LYC n/gamma scintillators Joseph Dopfer, Andrew Rogers, Peter Bender, Partha Chowdhury, Michael Giles, Daniel Hoff, Edward Lamere, Christopher Morse, Sanjanee Waniganeththi Fast-neutron detection and spectroscopy is important for both basic and applied Nuclear Science. Inorganic $^{\mathrm{7}}$Li-enriched Cs$_{\mathrm{2}}^{\mathrm{7}}$LiYCl$_{\mathrm{6}}$:Ce (C$^{\mathrm{7}}$LYC) scintillation detectors are an emerging technology that provide unprecedented ($\approx $10{\%}) energy resolution for fast neutrons in the few MeV range, obtained through the $^{\mathrm{35}}$Cl(n,p) reaction. Additionally, the scintillators are sensitive to gamma rays, having an efficiency and energy resolution similar to NaI. Superior pulse-shape discrimination properties enable extremely clean identification of neutron and gamma events. Measurements using both sources and nuclear reactions generated with a 5.5-MV Van de Graaff accelerator have been carried out at UML to further explore their potential, including scattering experiments as test of their full spectroscopic potential. An overview of C$^{\mathrm{7}}$LYC digital pulse-shape analysis techniques as well as timing and spectroscopy measurements will be presented. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00013: Studying the Population of Variable Objects in the Dark Energy Survey Jennifer Locke It has been proven that locating variable stars such as quasars and RR Lyrae can be very helpful for observational cosmology, such as probing galaxy evolution and mapping black hole growth, and locating low-luminosity dwarf satellites in the Milky Way, respectively. We want to use the LombScargle periodogram to implement an algorithm to locate variable stars, which could help the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) to discover more objects when it opens in the early 2020s. Dark Energy Survey (DES) data can often sample data unevenly in time, so we need to test the periodogram's reliability. We aim to implement an algorithm that can build statistical samples of different types of variable stars in DES and LSST data, and to find the best method of implementation through simulation testing. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00014: Image Fidelity of Legacy vs Modern VLA Data in the Analysis of High Redshift Quasar Morphology Erik Carlson, Victoria Sutherland, Doug Gobeille Utilizing legacy data from both the Very Large Array (VLA) and the upgraded Jansky VLA, we both compare and contrast the snapshot imaging capabilities (time on source approximately 5 minutes or less) of both telescopes as well as using these results to set flux depth limits of the putative morphologies of high redshift quasars (z over 2.5). This analysis is performed on a sample of 374 flux limited quasars, with a minimum flux of 70 mJy in L band (1.4 GHz) found in the region of sky from 7 to 17.5 hours and 0 to 65 degrees, a region covered by the FIRST, GB 86, and SDSS surveys, giving L band, C band, and optical spectra, respectively, of all sources. [Preview Abstract] |
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B01.00015: Two Physics Grads: University President {\&} Research Lab Chief Paul H Carr My friendship with Donald Paul Merrifield, SJ developed when were taking MIT quantum mechanics courses. Before classes started, I would tell him about the theology courses I was taking at Harvard U. He would smile understandingly. Don completed his PhD in theoretical physics. We lost contact in 1961, when I left MIT to serve as a Lieutenant at the Redstone Arsenal AL. In 1962, I worked on microwave acoustics at the AF Research Lab, MA towards my PhD thesis at Brandeis U. My later research on surface acoustic waves(SAW) resulted in much smaller, lower-cost, signal processing filters used in radar and in today's cell phones. This contributed to my promotion to a GS-15 Branch Chief. In 1993, I learned that Don had been the President of Loyola Marymount University. I was amazed that he invited me to have breakfast at his Jesuit residence there. He told me in his same friendly manner that he, after being ordained as a priest and teaching university physics, was selected as President during the student unrest of the Viet Nam War, ``because no one else wanted the job.'' As President, Don increased minority enrollment through scholarships and recruitment drives. Don would of have resonated with Pope Francis ``On care for our common home'' (2015) had Don not died in 2010, age 81. [Preview Abstract] |
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