Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2019; Boston, Massachusetts
Session F68: Undergraduate Research VIIFocus Undergraduate
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Sponsoring Units: APS/SPS Chair: Brad Conrad, American Institute of Physics Room: BCEC 051 |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
F68.00001: Simple Acoustic Tweezers Based on Fourier Acoustics Hanwen Tai
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Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
F68.00002: Mysterious Dark Matter with a Rare Form of Electromagnetism Andres Florez, Alfredo Gurrola, Will Johns, Jessica Maruri, Paul Douglas Sheldon, Savanna R Starko Most theories and models assume dark matter (DM) interacts through exotic forces, but this research develops a new methodology, including improved particle detectors for the LHC experiments, to discover a DM particle that is electrically neutral, has a similar mass as a proton, the same spin as an electron, and possesses a form of electromagnetism called an anapole. The anapole dark matter (ADM) model is implemented into MadGraph and performs simulations of ADM production via photon-photon fusion (PPF) in glancing proton-proton collisions. The evolution of the cross-section and kinematic distributions with varying ADM masses provides insight into how often ADM particles (from PPF) at the LHC are expected to be produced and the discovery signature inside the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. The current proton-proton collision data at CMS provides discovery potential for ADM particles up to masses of 1000 GeV. Over the next 10 years, the LHC is expected to deliver over 10 times the amount of data currently available, expanding the discovery reach mass to 1400 GeV. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
F68.00003: Tailoring machine learning for tackling the Large Hadron Collider problems Antony Halim Machine learning has proven its vitality in devising complex systems. The wide range of tasking techniques allowed machine learning to be a qualified tool for analyzing the vast amount of data obtained from the Large Hadron Collider. These tasks can range from tracking pattern recognition, particle identification, to search for rare decays. As a new tool starts to spread, the need for modifying increases to adapt to the new users' tasks. One approach is the design of packages. Here I present a machine learning package in R, designed for analyzing the Large Hadron Collider data, focusing mainly on particle identification through the measured particle parameters and the detector system, and also spotting rare decays using the supervised learning based classification techniques of machine learning. Machine learning does not only focus on easing the data analysis process that is already taking place, but it offers an opportunity for implementing new search strategies for rare phenomena through novel techniques. This step aims to assist physicists and researchers, and it also takes a further step ahead of enabling users to personalize more the tool through having an open source of the package accessible to users. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
F68.00004: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN
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Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
F68.00005: Heavy Graviton Search at the Large Hadron Collider Yuhan Guo, Alfredo Gurrola, Savanna R Starko, Paul Douglas Sheldon, Will Johns, Oishik Ray, Andres Florez The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, aimed to relate particles and forces, fails to build such relation for gravitation. Certain theories predicting “Graviton,” mediator for gravitation, to be a massive (hence potentially detectable) spin-2 particle have raised high experimental interest. Yet so far no search has discovered such particle at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This research develops a search methodology for a massive spin-2 particle using Vector Boson Fusion (VBF) processes at the LHC. We consider potential reasons the current searches, mainly relying on Drell-Yan (DY) production mechanisms, have observed no graviton, including potentially low coupling strength between the graviton, quarks, and gluons. The VBF topology, with no reliance upon the QCD coupling strength, offers an alternative and complementary search strategy. We further combine the VBF topology with the diphoton decay channel, a novel search for the LHC. We show that the requirement of a high mass diphoton pair combined with two high pT forward jets with large dijet mass and with large separation in pseudorapidity can significantly reduce the SM backgrounds. We expect discovery potential for TeV scale graviton masses. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
F68.00006: Survey of Tensor Networks Samuel Desrosiers, Glen Evenbly, Thomas E Baker Tensor networks have become a robust method over the past few decades to represent quantum systems and solve them efficiently. These numerical methods can optimize a system by keeping the most important degrees of freedom, allowing us to solve large systems more efficiently. We review the fundamentals of this field, including a deep connection with entanglement. Basic aspects of tensor networks and common algorithms are presented. Specifically, algorithms for classical spin systems are compared to study their effectiveness. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
F68.00007: Clifford Algebraic Representations of SU(n) David Kelley The SU(n) groups are Lie groups defined as the set of all unitary n-by-n matrices with determinant 1, whose operation is multiplication. Although defined in terms of matrices, these groups are abstract mathematical structures, and are thus indepenent of their representation. One representation of SU(n), often used in the standard model of particle theory, constructs the elements using Clifford Algebra. This representation has been shown to be valid for SU(3), but higher dimensions remain unexplored. We investigate such representations of the SU(n) groups. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
F68.00008: Enhanced Global Symmetry of N = 4 Gauge Theories in 3d Zhaozhen Tong Moduli spaces of some 3d N = 4 quiver gauge theories are studied by computing the Hilbert series of their Coulomb branch. Although this had been recognized as the traditionally difficult branch to study due to quantum correction, development of monopole formula has provided a simple approach to solving the problem. Our work focuses on obtaining the global symmetry of a quiver gauge theory from its Hilbert series. Many of the quivers being studied are A,D,B Dynkin diagrams with a minimally unbalanced gauge node and the results show that their global symmetries have been enhanced to symplectic groups, corresponding to freely generated Coulomb branches. We have made an argument that simplifies the process of identifying symplectic global symmetries. A potential class of quivers is also proposed as a generalisation of some obtained results, and the quiver is compared with some previous work that takes different approaches to the problem, such as brane construction etc.. B type quivers are not included in the proposed generalisation, and its symplectic global symmetry may indicate an extension of previous work to non-simply laced quivers. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
F68.00009: Numerical analysis of nonlinear localized modes in vibrational and magnetic lattices Hieu Le, Lars Q English We numerically investigate the existence of nonlinear, spatially localized modes for various lattice Hamiltonians using Newton-Raphson method to obtain numerically exact solutions. We start by examining the well-known one-dimensional Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice with quadratic and quartic potentials and obtain solution branches in both frequency and nonlinear coefficient via continuation. We continue by propagating the solution in time with Runge-Kutta degree 4 (RK4) method. We then turn to two-dimensional ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic lattices: here intrinsic localized modes were demonstrated in previous research, and more recently the topological magnetic skyrmions has stimulated intense interest. We again apply the Newton-Raphson method to obtain nontrivial solutions for certain spin-lattice Hamiltonians, and then propagate the solution in time with RK4-method. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
F68.00010: Using Eclipses to Probe Physical Conditions Along the Jet in the X-Ray Binary SS433 Xinyi Liu, Herman Marshall, Dipankar Maitra, Michael Nowak, Nobert Schulz, Diego Altamirano, Jack Steiner The Galactic X-ray binary SS 433 is the only known astrophysical object to exhibit strong, relativistically red- and blue-shifted emission lines from elements such as S, Si, Fe, Ni. The X-ray emission lines originate in a jet outflow that is launched somewhere very close to the compact accretor (a black hole or a neutron star). Between 2018 August 10-14, SS 433 was observed using the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer system on the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and also using the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) mission aboard the International Space Station. The observations were designed to take advantage of the eclipse and carry out time-resolved spectroscopy and timing studies to infer spatial variation of physical properties such as composition, temperature, and density at different distances along the jet. Preliminary analysis of the Chandra data reveals a plethora of emission lines due to various ionization states of different elements such as Fe XXV, Si XIV, and others. In addition to phenomenological fits to determine properties of the observed emission lines, we will present results from fitting collisionally ionized plasma models, and timing results from NICER. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
F68.00011: Science as an Institution Nathan Foster This past summer, I worked as an intern for the American Institute of Physics' FYI science policy newsletter. FYI is a small but extremely productive group of four reporters who write about funding, policy, and personell decisions in the world of government-funded physical sciences research. As an intern taking notes on everything from Congressional hearings to lobbyist events, writing blurbs, and occasionally writing full articles, I was lucky enough to have a front row seat to many of the political dynamics shaping American physics. Science policy is often inaccessible, sometimes intentionally so. But decisions made by Congress and government agencies deeply affect scientists, and they determine how our work impacts the broader world. In this presentation, I hope to shine a light on how funding and policy decisions are made, who they are made by, and who, ultimately, they are meant to benefit. I will discuss specific issues I reported on this past summer, from a proposal to privatize the International Space Station to concerns about Chinese scientific and technological competition to the movement for open science. |
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