Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2019; Boston, Massachusetts
Session F35: Apker, Greene, Metropolis Award SessionInvited
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Sponsoring Units: APS Chair: Renata Wentzcovitch, Columbia University Room: BCEC 205B |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
F35.00001: LeRoy Apker Award Talk: Anyons in a Dynamical Toric Code Model Invited Speaker: Nicholas Sherman In 3+1 dimensions, all particles are classified as either bosons or fermions. However the story is different in 2+1 dimensions, where a new type of particle exists: anyons. Beyond the fundamental interest of anyons, they also harness the ability to implement fault-tolerant universal quantum computation. The use of anyons for the purposes of quantum computation was first proposed by Kitaev with the development of the toric code model. However, the anyons in this model are stationary states, and the dynamics of anyons are an essential ingredient in quantum computation. In this work, we introduce a dynamical toric code model by perturbing the toric code Hamiltonian. Anyons in this model have non-trivial dynamics while the anyon numbers are conserved. In this talk I will discuss the model, the dispersion relation of the low energy excitations, and the role symmetry plays in the features of the spectrum. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
F35.00002: Nicholas Metropolis Award for Outstanding Doctoral Thesis Work in Computational Physics Talk: Astrophysical Simulations in the Era of Massively-Parallel Computation Invited Speaker: Evan E. Schneider In this talk, I will describe my thesis work developing Cholla, a new hydrodynamics code for astrophysics that was designed to run natively on the graphics processing units (GPUs) that power the world’s fastest supercomputers. By harnessing the power of this new technology, Cholla is allowing us to run astrophysics simulations with unprecedented numerical resolution, leading to new insights regarding the physical structure of gas in galaxies. In addition to describing the design of the Cholla code (including details of both physical and numerical algorithms), I will also discuss the results of a recent project using Cholla to explore an interesting problem in galaxy evolution - the physics of galactic winds. Star-forming galaxies are commonly observed to be driving gas out at a variety of densities, temperatures, and velocities. These outflows are invoked to explain the discrepancy between the dark matter halo mass function and the stellar mass function of low-mass galaxies. Using petascale simulations run with Cholla on the Titan supercomputer, we can better resolve the hydrodynamic interactions between phases in these outflows, allowing us to constrain their origin and evolution. This combination of new software with new computer architectures has ushered in a new era of massively-parallel astrophysics simulations. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
F35.00003: LeRoy Apker Award Talk: The Aerodynamics of Ballistic Seed Dispersal in the Plant Family Acanthaceae Invited Speaker: Eric Cooper Plants in the Acanthaceae family ballistically launch seeds that rotate at up to 1660 Hz – one of the fastest rotation rates in the natural world. In numerous species, this high rate of backspin stabilizes seeds in a streamlined orientation, which we have analytically determined is a property of all ballistic spinning discs. Using high-speed video, we quantify the effect that this stability has on aerodynamic drag and dispersal range. Study of several species within the Ruellia genus shows plants reach the largest seed dispersal ranges (up to 10 m) when utilizing the aerodynamic benefits of stable backspin. This research opens the door to further comparative study across the 4000+ species of the Acanthaceae family. Combining systematic measurements of seed dispersal aerodynamics with existing phylogenetic data promises to shed light on open biological questions about the adaptive significance of seed dispersal. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
F35.00004: Richard L. Greene Dissertation Award Talk: Coherent Light-Matter Interactions in 2D Materials Invited Speaker: Edbert Jarvis Sie Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides are prime examples of 2D semiconductors that exhibit remarkable electronic properties. They have a pair of electronic valleys that can serve as a new degree of freedom to carry information. However, these valleys are normally locked in the same energy level, which limits their potential use for applications. Here, we discuss a direct optical method to tune the exciton energy levels of monolayer WS2 in a valley-selective manner through the optical Stark effect [1] and the Bloch-Siegert shift [2], performed at MIT. The two effects are found to obey opposite selection rules, which enables us to separate the two effects at two different valleys. Finally, I will briefly discuss our recent experiments where the topological phases of semimetal WTe2 can be manipulated using light-induced atomic-scale lattice distortions [3], performed at SLAC/Stanford University. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2019 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
F35.00005: Richard L. Greene Dissertation Award in Experimental Condensed Matter or Materials Physics: Engineering Synthetic Quantum Operations Invited Speaker: Uri Vool Coherent quantum effects are the hallmark of atomic systems. The field of circuit quantum electrodynamics also allows for the control of coherent quantum systems. However, these quantum states do not correspond to atomic degrees of freedom, but to the quantized behavior of the electromagnetic field in a macroscopic superconducting circuit. These “artificial atoms” simulate many of the effects in atomic systems, with the added benefits of tunability and fast control and measurement. In this talk we present the basic quantum objects accessible using superconducting circuits, and techniques we can use to create a richer variety of artificial atoms and quantum operations. |
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