Bulletin of the American Physical Society
5th Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Volume 63, Number 12
Tuesday–Saturday, October 23–27, 2018; Waikoloa, Hawaii
Session CH: Instrumentation I |
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Chair: Alan Wuosmaa, University of Connecticut Room: Hilton Kona 1 |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 7:00PM - 7:15PM |
CH.00001: Evaluation of front-end readout system with APV25 for Si-PAD and Tungsten based electromagnetic calorimeter FoCal at LHC ALICE Kenichi Tadokoro, for the ALICE-FoCal collaboration In the LHC-ALICE, there is an upgrade plan to construct a Forward Calorimeter(FoCal) intended for the measurement of direct photons at forward rapidity (3.5<𝜂<5.3). The FoCal-detector installation during the long shutdown 3 in 2024 is under discussion. FoCal consists of an electromagnetic calorimeter(FoCal-E) and a hadron calorimeter(FoCal-H). FoCal-E is a sampling-type calorimeter using tungsten as the particle absorption layer and silicon as the detection layer. FoCal-E consists of low granularity layer(LGL) for the mearsurement of the energy of photons and high granularity layer(HGL) for the identification of 𝜋0/𝛾. From 2014 on ward , the Tsukuba group is in charge of evaluating the performance of LGL. We have conducted tests of this system on three occasions by using the CERN PS and SPS beam lines. Based on past results, in 2017, we performed the test-beam experiment for one of the prototype silicon sensors with Tungsten layer at ELPH in Tohoku University in Japan, by using positron beams of 800MeV/c. In this test, we measured the response of the silicon pad and readout electronics with APV25 hybrid for minimum ionizing particles and electromagnetic showers. In this presentation, the results of the new readout system from the test-beam experiment at ELPH will be shown. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 7:15PM - 7:30PM |
CH.00002: Low-noise CCDs for rare-event searches and the DAMIC Experiment Grayson Rich
The DAMIC (Dark Matter in CCDs) Experiment employs the active silicon of low-noise charge-coupled devices (CCDs) as a target to search for a variety of dark matter candidates with masses below 10 GeV. An array of seven 675-um thick CCDs with a target mass of ~40 grams has been collecting data at SNOLAB since early 2017. The collaboration has engaged in an extensive campaign of characterization efforts to understand the response of these CCDs to low-energy nuclear recoils and their unique capabilities, including the use of high spatial resolution for both the rejection and study of backgrounds. This talk will focus on the devices utilized in DAMIC, currently collecting WIMP-search data at SNOLAB, and plans for the CCDs to be used in the next-generation DAMIC-M Experiment to be located at the Modane Underground Laboratory. Potential alternative applications of CCDs in rare-event searches will be also be discussed. Presented on behalf of the DAMIC Collaboration.
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Wednesday, October 24, 2018 7:30PM - 7:45PM |
CH.00003: Digital Signal Emulator for the NAB Experiment Michelle H Gervais, Christopher B Crawford, Aaron P Sprow The goal of the Nab experiment is to measure the electron-neutrino decay correlation coefficient a to a precision of 10-3 and also the Fierz interference term b to a precision of 3x10-3 in neutron beta decay. Our goal is 100 ps systematic timing precision and 2 keV energy resolution in each of the two 128-channel segmented silicon detectors. The data acquisition system is based on waveform digitizers with custom digital pulse processing filters to enhance the efficiency of the low-threshold proton trigger. In order to test the system independent of the detectors, we developed a digital signal emulator that generates pulses based on the input energy spectrum, pulse shape, and spectral noise density. We will present our algorithm and test results of the data acquisition system and discuss further development possibilities. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 7:45PM - 8:00PM |
CH.00004: Development of multilayer plastic-scintillator-based active proton target Dinh Trong Tran, Keishi Hirakawa, Hooi Jin Ong, Satoru Terashima, Nori Aoi, Asahi Kohda, Yohei Matsuda, Masatoshi Itoh, J. Okamoto, Takahiro Nishi, Shota Y Matsumoto Recently, the effect of tensor interactions in 16O was investigated via an inclusive (p,d) scattering on 16O at high-momentum transfer [1]. Possible different contribution of tensor interactions in 6He and 6Li nuclei has also been predicted [2]. To study and determine the effect of tensor interactions in these nuclei, we plan to perform high-momentum-transfer (p,d) reactions in inverse kinematics using secondary beams of 6He and 6Li. A thick proton target is necessary because of limitation of beam intensity (<107 cps). However, the degradation of the energy resolution due to the uncertainty in the depth of reaction vertex becomes an important issue. To address this issue, we have developed a multilayer plastic-scintillator-based active proton target, where the reaction position is determined by utilizing the difference in energy loss due to the particles before and after the reaction. We conducted a elastic scattering experiment with a proton beam of 70 MeV at CYRIC,Tohoku University to evaluate the performance of the active target. In this talk, we will introduce the principle and structure of the active target and report the results of the development experiment.
[1] H.J. Ong et al., Phys. Lett. B 725, 277 (2013). [2] W. Horiuchi et al., Phys. Rev. C 76, 024311 (2007). |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 8:00PM - 8:15PM |
CH.00005: High Pressure, Ultra-high Purity Hydrogen TPCs for Muon Capture Experiments Peter Kammel
Over the past two decades, the MuHe experiment, the MuCap and later the MuSun collaboration have developed a novel active target method based on high pressure time projection chambers (TPCs) filled with pure 3He, ultra-pure hydrogen (1% of liquid hydrogen (LH2) density) or cryogenic deuterium gas (6% of LH2 density). The TPCs were optimized for the specific requirements of measuring muon capture on the proton and light nuclei at the high intensity muon beams of PSI. The successful program reduced experimental uncertainties on the capture rates by typically one order of magnitude. The MuCap chamber employed gas amplification with anode and cathode at 4 mm pitch. The high density MuSun TPC was operated as an ionization chamber with anode pads read out with custom cyrogenic preamplifiers. Even with high drift fields of 10 kV/cm initial recombination is significant for nuclear recoils and shows a pronounced dependence on the track angle. In both chambers chemical purity at the ppb level was achieved with a continuous circulation and filter systems. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 8:15PM - 8:30PM |
CH.00006: Development of a Transversely Polarized Hydrogen-Deuteride (HD) Target for High-Energy Electron-Beam Experiments Kevin Wei, Andrew Sandorfi With the completion of the 12 GeV upgrade to the accelerator at Jefferson Lab, several high-rated experiments have been approved with the highest scientific rating by the JLab PAC for Hall-B. These experiments will study the spin and flavor dependence of transverse space and momentum generalized parton distributions within the nucleon. These experiments require transverse target polarization, which is challenging since the holding field tends to bend the beam into the detector. The polarized hydrogen-deuteride (HD) target is a frozen-spin solid target that has been successfully used with photon beams and is now under study as a potential electron target. Target performance with electrons will be tested and developed at a low energy (10 MeV) Upgraded Injector Test Facility (UITF) at Jefferson Lab, which is nearing completion. This talk will describe the new designs used to optimize heat removal from a polarized HD cell, as well as the testing program with charged particles at the UITF. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 8:30PM - 8:45PM |
CH.00007: Cavallo’s Multiplier for High Voltage Generation in the SNS nEDM Experiment Marie Blatnik, Steven Clayton, Takeyasu Ito, Bradley Filippone For the SNS nEDM Collaboration With a targeted sensitivity of order 10-28 e-cm, the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) experiment to be conducted at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) requires 650 kV in the sub-1-Kelvin central detector volume to produce 75 kV/cm within the measurement cells. Cryostat design constraints -- heat budget and cryostat space -- make bringing in 650 kV from a room temperature high voltage source extremely challenging. We suggest bringing a much smaller voltage, 50 kV, into the central detector and using an 18th century electrostatic induction machine, known as the Cavallo multiplier, operating inside the central detector volume to produce the 650 kV. We expand Cavallo’s original work by predicting the output voltage created as a function of initial voltage and machine cycles in a room-temperature demonstration apparatus, as well as maximizing the gain of the multiplier within our nEDM apparatus design constraints in an electrostatic COMSOL simulation by manipulating electrode geometries. Progress on a cryogenic test apparatus will also be discussed. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 8:45PM - 9:00PM |
CH.00008: Gas-Phase Ion Chemistry with FIONA Jeffrey T Kwarsick, Jacklyn M Gates, Jennifer L Pore, Gregory K Pang, Kenneth Edward Gregorich Identifying the fundamental physical and chemical properties of elements is critical for their correct placement on the periodic table. These properties are least understood for the heavy and superheavy elements (Z ≥ 100). The strong concentration of positive charge in the nuclei of these elements is predicted to result in relativistic behavior of the orbital electrons and therefore different chemistry compared to their lighter homologs. Studies to investigate these properties are difficult due to the low production rates and short-half lives of Z ≥ 100 elements. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 9:00PM - 9:15PM |
CH.00009: Study of Si-W sampling calorimeter for ALICE upgrade through simulation and prototype tests Saori Takasu, ALICE FoCal Collaboration In this abstract we focus on the development of a Si-W type sampling electromagnetic calorimeter to be placed in the forward rapidity region in the ALICE experiment at CERN as a suggested upgrade (Forward Calorimeter; FoCal). The FoCal consists of 20 alternating layers of tungsten (~1 X0) absorbers and finely segmented Si sensors. The main physics goal of this detector is to elucidate partonic structure of the initial state, where gluon saturation a.k.a. the Color Glass Condensate could occur. FoCal is planned to be installed after the Long Shutdown (2024-2026) in the ALICE detector at Z≈7m from the interaction point (3.3<η<5.3) in order to measure EM particles in the forward rapidity region. The key purpose of the detector is to differentiate direct photons from the decay-photon background coming mostly from neutral pions. For this it requires very good two-shower separation. FoCal is designed to meet such a requirement using two types of Si sensors: very high- and low-granularity (30µm and 1cm square). The current design performance will be presented using GEANT4 simulations. In addition, the results from the low-granularity prototype tests will also be presented in this talk. |
Wednesday, October 24, 2018 9:15PM - 9:30PM |
CH.00010: Talk by Oleg Eyser moved to 1WHB.00002
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Wednesday, October 24, 2018 9:30PM - 9:45PM |
CH.00011: Study of HQE-PMT property for KamLAND2-Zen Atsuto Takeuchi KamLAND2-Zen is an upgrade of the existing KamLAND-Zen, which searchs for neutrino-less double beta decay with 136Xe. The update is mainly motivated to improve energy resolution by the combination of brighter LS, HQE-PMT and light collecting mirrors. However, this improvement will make it difficult to measure muon events since the expected number of photo electron will be too large, and non-linear region in PMTs. Increase of after pulse is also serious issue. In this presentation, we study HQE-PMT property and discuss possible optimization of PMT configuration for KamLAND2-Zen. |
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