Bulletin of the American Physical Society
43rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Volume 57, Number 5
Monday–Friday, June 4–8, 2012; Orange County, California
Session N5: Optomechanical Systems and Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency |
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Chair: Junho Suh, California Institute of Technology Room: Garden 3 |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 10:30AM - 10:42AM |
N5.00001: Quadratically-coupled optomechanical systems: spectrum and dynamics M. Bhattacharya, H. Shi Optomechanical systems, which commonly involve a high finesse optical cavity coupled to the linear displacement of a mechanical oscillator, are currently of great interest for applications in quantum information, communication and measurement. Recently instead, a coupling quadratic in the mechanical displacement has been engineered in various systems. These include resonator setups with membranes, cold atoms and microdisks. Neglecting at first dissipation and noise, we present the exact eigenstates of the generic quadratic optomechanical Hamiltonian, examine the corresponding spectrum in the limit of strong coupling, quantify the bipartite entanglement in the system, and describe the unitary-evolution as well as measurement-based engineering of nonclassical states of the system. We show that several of our results are in qualitative contrast with those from the case of linear optomechanical coupling and address briefly the presence of dissipation and the case of quartic coupling recently realized using a tilted membrane in a cavity. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 10:42AM - 10:54AM |
N5.00002: Macroscopic tunneling of a membrane in an optomechanical double-well potential Lukas Buchmann, Lin Zhang, Aravind Chiruvelli, Pierre Meystre The quantum tunneling of a macroscopic mechanical object is considered in a ``membrane-in-the-middle'' optomechanical resonator. We show theoretically that a cavity mode which couples quadratically to the membrane's position can create highly tunable adiabatic double-well potentials, which together with the high Q-factors demonstrated in such membranes render the observation of macroscopic quantum tunneling possible. We also show how a pulsed measurement scheme using a linearly coupled mode of the cavity can be used to monitor the tunneling. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 10:54AM - 11:06AM |
N5.00003: Suppression of extraneous thermal noise in cavity optomechanics Yi Zhao, Dalziel Wilson, K.-K. Ni, H.J. Kimble Extraneous thermal motion can limit displacement sensitivity and radiation pressure effects, such as optical cooling, in a cavity-optomechanical system. Here we present an active noise suppression scheme and its experimental implementation. Our technique involves mapping a measurement of the extraneous noise onto the frequency of the incident laser field to stabilize the associated laser-cavity detuning. The main challenge is to selectively sense and suppress extraneous thermal noise without affecting motion of the oscillator. Our solution is to monitor two modes of the optical cavity, each with different sensitivity to the oscillator's motion but similar sensitivity to the extraneous thermal motion. This information is used to imprint ``anti-noise'' onto the frequency of the incident laser field. In our system, based on a nano-mechanical membrane coupled to a Fabry-P\'{e}rot cavity, simulation and experiment demonstrate that extraneous thermal noise can be selectively suppressed without substantially affecting motion of the oscillator and that the associated limit on optical cooling can be reduced. Details of this work are presented in [1].\\[4pt] [1] Y. Zhao, D. J. Wilson, K.-K. Ni, and H. J. Kimble, Optics Express (in press); arXiv:1112.3362. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 11:06AM - 11:18AM |
N5.00004: Characterization of the motional state of a quantum mechanical oscillator by coherent state transfer HyoJun Seok, Lukas Buchmann, Swati Singh, Steven Steinke, Pierre Meystre We investigate theoretically a measurement scheme for the characterization of the motional state of a mechanical oscillator operating deep in the quantum regime. It is based on the coherent optomechanical transfer of the state of the mechanical element to the intracavity light field of an optical resonator with one end-mirror mounted on that oscillator. We consider both the case where the optical field is present at all times and the situation where it is turned on following the preparation of mechanical state. The roles of decoherence and dissipation on the fidelity of state transfer are considered in detail. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 11:18AM - 11:30AM |
N5.00005: Indirect position sensing and state control in a coupled BEC-mechanical system Steven Steinke, Swati Singh, Pierre Meystre, Keith Schwab, Mukund Vengalattore We investigate the dynamics of a moving mechanical micromembrane magnetically coupled to a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The Larmor precession frequency of spins in the condensate depends on the position of the membrane; thus, non-destructively imaging the spin state of the atoms reveals the motion of the membrane. By considering the quantum back-action of the measurement procedure and including the effects of dissipation on the membrane, we obtain the ultimate sensitivity of such an indirect measurement protocol. In addition, we explore the possibility of using the entanglement between the membrane and the highly non-classical spin state of the BEC to produce exotic states of the membrane. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
N5.00006: Anderson localization and anomalous Slow Absorption of Stationary Light by Disorder Razmik Unanyan, Nikolai Lauk, Michael Fleischhauer We investigate the long time behavior of stationary light generated in a electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium in the present of randomly distributed absorbing impurities. By assuming a Poisson distribution for impurity atoms in the EIT medium we show that the absorption process can be much slower than naively expected. We show that this anomalous\ absorption of light is a consequence of the analogue of Anderson localization in the diffusion regime. A simple expression for the absorption for long times is derived in the case of perfect absorbing atoms. We show that it is described by $\exp\left( -\alpha t^{1/3}\right)$, where $\alpha$ is a constant depending on the concentration of impurities and thus is much slower than expected exponential decay. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
N5.00007: Co- and Counter- propagating fields in an four level `N-scheme' Frank A. Narducci, Jon P. Davis A four level ``N-scheme'' atomic system consists of a standard $\Lambda$ EIT configuration with an additional level being driven by an additional switch field. We theoretically extend our earlier studies of this model to include a counter-propagating, weak probe field. We investigate the dispersion experienced by the weak probe under a variety of conditions including cold and warm samples, as well as weak and strong switching fields. We find conditions in which the forward propagating probe field experiences normal dispersion while the backward propagating field experiences negative dispersion. We examine regions of high dispersion with vanishing absorption. We discuss applications of our results to high-dispersion gyroscopes. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
N5.00008: Optical storage with electromagnetically induced transparency in cold atoms at a high optical depth Shanchao Zhang, Shuyu Zhou, Chang Liu, J.F. Chen, Jianming Wen, M.M.T. Loy, G.K.L. Wong, Shengwang Du We report experimental demonstration of efficient optical storage with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a dense cold $^{85}$Rb atomic ensemble trapped in a two-dimensional magneto-optical trap. By varying the optical depth (OD) from 0 to 140, we observe that the optimal storage efficiency for coherent optical pulses has a saturation value of 50{\%} as OD $>$ 50. Our result is consistent with that obtained from hot vapor cell experiments which suggest that a four-wave mixing nonlinear process degrades the EIT storage coherence and efficiency. We apply this EIT quantum memory for narrow-band single photons with controllable waveforms, and obtain an optimal storage efficiency of 49$\pm $3{\%} for single-photon wave packets. This is the highest single-photon storage efficiency reported up to today and brings the EIT atomic quantum memory close to practical application because an efficiency of above 50{\%} is necessary to operate the memory within non-cloning regime and beat the classical limit. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 7, 2012 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
N5.00009: Improved Optical Magnetometer Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Ring-Cavity Setup Bhaskar Roy Bardhan, Moochan Kim, Jonathan Dowling We propose and simulate a ring-gyro optical magnetometer based on polarization rotation of an optical field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system. By properly choosing the polarization orientations of the optical field and the transition energy levels, the transparency conditions for the polarization components are derived for the EIT system inserted into the ring-cavity setup as a cell. As the optical field passes through the cell, the fluctuations of the Rabi frequency as well as the density inside the cell, due to the fluctuations in the laser field, give rise to the dephasing of the polarization vector. We show that using the setup it is possible to achieve very sensitive measurement of the magnetic field. Besides, by making several round trips of the photons, the dephasing effects can be removed by some suitable dynamical decoupling schemes implemented with additional waveplates in the setup. This enables us to obtain long interrogation length for the EIT based optical magnetometer. [Preview Abstract] |
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