Bulletin of the American Physical Society
38th Annual Meeting of the Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Volume 52, Number 7
Tuesday–Saturday, June 5–9, 2007; Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Session N1: Herbert Walther Memorial Session |
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Chair: P. Meystre, University of Arizona Room: TELUS Convention Centre Macleod D |
Friday, June 8, 2007 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
N1.00001: QUANTUM CONTROL OF LIGHT: From Slow Light and FAST CARS to Nuclear $\gamma $-ray Spectroscopy Invited Speaker: In recent work we have demonstrated strong coherent backward wave oscillation using forward propagating fields only. This surprising result is achieved by applying laser fields to an ultra-dispersive medium with proper chosen detunings to excite a molecular vibrational coherence that corresponds to a backward propagating wave [PRL, \underline {97}, 113001 (2006)]. The physics then has much in common with propagation of ultra-slow light. Applications of coherent scattering and remote sensing to the detection of bio and chemical pathogens (e.g., anthrax) via \underline {C}oherent \underline {A}nti-\underline {R}aman \underline {S}cattering together with \underline {F}emtosecond \underline {A}daptive \underline {S}pectroscopic \underline {T}echniques (FAST CARS [Opt. Comm., \underline {244}, 423 (2005)]) will be discussed. Furthermore, the interplay between quantum optics (Dicke super and sub-radiant states) and nuclear physics (forward scattering of $\gamma $ radiation) provides interesting problems and insights into the quantum control of scattered light [PRL, \underline {96}, 010501 (2005)]. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
N1.00002: Cavity quantum electrodynamics: From one-atom maser to single-photon server Invited Speaker: The first experiment demonstrating strong coupling between single Rydberg atoms and single microwave photons was performed in Herbert Walther's laboratory 20 years ago [G. Rempe, H. Walther, and N. Klein, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 353 (1987)]. At that time, investigation of light-matter interaction at the single-particle level was considered academic. Today, fundamentally new applications are on the horizon, in particular in the optical domain where laser cooling and trapping techniques for atoms can be implemented. New light forces have been discovered, enabling one to store atoms for such a long time that genuine quantum protocols can now be realized with just one single intracavity atom. A first example is the realization of a deterministic single-photon server with realtime control of its performance. A second experiment has achieved deterministic entanglement of an atom and a photon emitted from the cavity. Subsequent mapping of the atomic state onto a second photon makes possible to produce entangled photons on demand. Such novel experiments constitute important steps towards the production of highly entangled many-photon quantum states and scalable quantum networks of atom-cavity systems. The fascinating possibilities opened up by cavity quantum electrodynamics continue to keep the field young and exciting. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
N1.00003: Interactions of cold Rydberg atoms Invited Speaker: Rydberg-atom clouds excited from cold atomic gases exhibit a rich variety of collision processes. A review of state-changing and ionizing collisions in these systems will be provided. I will then focus on the role of attractive / repulsive interatomic forces between Rydberg atoms. The effects of Rydberg-excitation blockades that result from these interactions will be discussed. I will also report on progress in experiments on the interaction of cold Rydberg atoms with modulated ponderomotive potentials. In the second part of the talk, advances in the laser-cooling and trapping of ground-state and Rydberg atoms in strong magnetic fields of several Tesla will be described. Collisions in cold, magnetized Rydberg-atom gases lead to the production of long- lived atoms in so-called drift states, also known as guiding-center states. In low-temperature collision-rich environments, such as in the cold Rydberg atom gases and plasmas studied in this work, they are quite abundant. Results on the trapping of such atoms in conservative potentials and on the evolution of Rydberg-atom gases in cold plasmas in strong magnetic fields will be presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, June 8, 2007 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
N1.00004: Precision Experiments with Single Particles in Ion Traps for Tests of Fundamental Interactions Invited Speaker: Ion trap technology has made it possible to store, cool and observe single ions or ensembles of few ions under well controlled experimental conditions and at very low temperatures [1]. Single particles in traps allow for clean investigations of basic interactions and also for the determination of fundamental constants. This has been demonstrated by investigations of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) with respect to the g-factor of the free electron [2] and of the electron bound in hydrogen-like carbon and oxygen [3], which form the most precise determinations of the fine-structure constant and of the mass of the electron, respectively. A precision test of CPT invariance has been performed in a proton-antiproton mass comparison with single particles in a Penning trap [4]. Optical quantum jump spectroscopy with single laser-cooled ions in rf traps has paved the way for optical frequency standards and for the investigation of a possible variation of fundamental constants. With the novel technique of deceleration, trapping and cooling, even high-accuracy experiments with highly charged ions up to uranium U91+ will be possible at the HITRAP facility at GSI Darmstadt [5]. \newline \newline [1] Observation of a Phase Transition of Stored Laser-Cooled Ions, F. Diedrich, E. Peik, J.M. Chen, W. Quint, H. Walther, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2931 (1987) \newline [2] New Determination of the Fine Structure Constant from the Electron g Value and QED, G. Gabrielse et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 030802 (2006). \newline [3] New Determination of the Electron's Mass, T. Beier et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 011603 (2002). \newline [4] Precision Mass Spectroscopy of the Antiproton and Proton Using Simultaneously Trapped Particles, G. Gabrielse et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3198 (1999). \newline [5] Trapping ions of hydrogen-like uranium: The HITRAP project at GSI, T. Beier et al., NIM B 235, 473 (2005). [Preview Abstract] |
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