Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2019
Volume 64, Number 3
Saturday–Tuesday, April 13–16, 2019; Denver, Colorado
Session R04: DAP Prize & Award SessionInvited Undergraduate
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Sponsoring Units: DAP Chair: Josh Frieman, Fermilab Room: Sheraton Plaza F |
Monday, April 15, 2019 1:30PM - 2:06PM |
R04.00001: First Stars: Their Supernova Explosions and Connections to Extremely Iron-Poor Stars Invited Speaker: Ken'ichi Nomoto First stars in the universe must have played crucial roles in the evolution of early universe, yet their nature has not been well-understood. I will present possible theoretical models of first stars, i.e., their evolution with mass accretion, explosions as first supernovae, and explosive nucleosynthesis. I will show how the comparison between the nucleosynthesis yields and the peculiar abundance patterns observed in extremely iron-poor stars can constrain the properties (mass function, explosion energy, asphericity, etc.) of first stars and first supernovae. |
Monday, April 15, 2019 2:06PM - 2:42PM |
R04.00002: Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize talk: The Dark Matter in the Universe Invited Speaker: Katherine Freese “What is the Universe made of?” This question is the longest outstanding problem in all of modern physics, and it is one of the most important research topics in cosmology and particle physics today. The bulk of the mass in the Universe is thought to consist of a new kind of dark matter particle, and the hunt for its discovery in on. I'll start by discussing the evidence for the existence of dark matter in galaxies, and then show how it fits into a big picture of the Universe containing 5% atoms, 25% dark matter, and 70% dark energy. Neutrinos only constitute 1Ž2% of the content of the Universe, but much can be learned about neutrino properties from cosmological data. Leading candidates for the dark matter are Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), axions, sterile neutrinos, and light dark matter. WIMPs are a generic class of particles that are electrically neutral and do not participate in strong interactions, yet have weak-scale interactions with ordinary matter. There are multiple approaches to experimental searches for WIMPS: at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva; in underground laboratory experiments; with astrophysical searches for dark matter annihilation products, and upcoming searches with the James Webb Space Telescope for Dark Stars, early stars powered by WIMP annihilation. Current results are puzzling and the hints of detection will be tested soon. At the end of the talk I'll briefly turn to dark energy and its effect on the fate of the Universe. |
Monday, April 15, 2019 2:42PM - 3:18PM |
R04.00003: Re-examining Astrophysical Constraints on the Dark Matter Model Invited Speaker: Alyson Brooks The cosmological model based on Cold Dark Matter (CDM) and Dark Energy has been hugely successful in describing the observed evolution and large scale structure of our Universe. However, at small scales (in the smallest galaxies and at the centers of larger galaxies), a number of observations seem to conflict with the predictions of CDM galaxy formation theory, leading to a recent interest in alternative dark matter models. I will show that a proper consideration of the physics of ordinary matter (gas and stars) can significantly alter the dark matter structure and substructure of galaxies, alleviating the small scale problems. I will examine what future observations can help to put constraints on the nature of dark matter. |
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