Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS April Meeting 2017
Volume 62, Number 1
Saturday–Tuesday, January 28–31, 2017; Washington, DC
Session Y10: Particle and Gravity Theory II |
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Sponsoring Units: DPF Chair: Ilias Cholis, Johns Hopkins University Room: Roosevelt 2 |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 1:30PM - 1:42PM |
Y10.00001: Geometric constraints on the space of N=2 SCFTs Matteo Lotito, Philip Argyres, Yongchao Lu, Mario Martone We present a classification of 4d rank-1 $\mathcal{N}=2$ Superconformal Field Theories (SCFTs). Our approach is based on the analysis of the low energy properties of such theories, by studying the features of their Coulomb Branches, i.e., their moduli space of vacua. The amount of supersymmetry and the residual gauge symmetry in the low energy description provide enough constraints to keep these theories under control, at the same time they are still rich enough that studying them in detail could give good insight on general properties of QFTs. I will describe the method we use to construct the rank 1 theories. It consists in starting by determining the allowed scale invariant geometries for these Coulomb Branches, subsequently extending the analysis by introducing "deformations" of these geometries. I will comment on the constraints that we impose to determine the allowed set of deformations. Finally I will conclude by providing a classification of these spaces - deformations and their interpretation as SCFTs (or IR-free theories), commenting on the possible extensions and generalizations of our approach. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 1:42PM - 1:54PM |
Y10.00002: Higher Rank ABJM Wilson Loops from Matrix Models Jonathan Cookmeyer, James Liu, Leopoldo Zayas We compute the expectation values of 1/6 supersymmetric Wilson Loops in ABJM theory in higher rank representations. Using standard matrix model techniques, we calculate the expectation value in the rank $m$ fully symmetric and fully antisymmetric representation where $m$ is scaled with $N$. To leading order, we find agreement with the classical action of D6 and D2 branes in $AdS_4 \times \mathbb{CP}^3$ respectively. Further, we compute the first subleading order term, which, on the AdS side, makes a prediction for the one-loop effective action of the corresponding D6 and D2 branes. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
Y10.00003: Open Effective Field Theories from Deeply Inelastic Reactions Eric Braaten, Hans-Werner Hammer, G. Peter Lepage Effective field theories have often been applied to systems with inelastic reactions that produce particles with large momenta outside the domain of validity of the effective theory. The effects of the deeply inelastic reactions have been taken into account in previous work by adding local anti-Hermitian terms to the effective Hamiltonian density. We show that an additional modification is required in equations governing the density matrix when multi-particle states are considered. We define an effective density matrix by tracing out states containing high-momentum particles, and show that it satisfies a Lindblad equation, with Lindblad operators determined by the anti-Hermitian terms in the effective Hamiltonian density. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
Y10.00004: Haag's Theorem and Parameterized Quantum Field Theory Edwin Seidewitz ``Haag's theorem is very inconvenient; it means that the interaction picture exists only if there is no interaction'' (Streater and Wightman, 1964). In traditional quantum field theory (QFT), Haag's theorem states that any field unitarily equivalent to a free field must itself be a free field. But the derivation of the Dyson series perturbation expansion relies on the use of the interaction picture, in which the interacting field is unitarily equivalent to the free field, but which must still account for interactions. So, the usual derivation of the scattering matrix in QFT is mathematically ill defined. Nevertheless, perturbative QFT is currently the only practical approach for addressing realistic scattering, and it has been very successful in making empirical predictions. This success can be understood through an alternative derivation of the Dyson series in a covariant formulation of QFT using an invariant, fifth \emph{path parameter} in addition to the usual four position parameters. The parameterization provides an additional degree of freedom that allows Haag's Theorem to be avoided, permitting the consistent use of a form of interaction picture in deriving the Dyson expansion. The extra symmetry so introduced is then broken by the choice of an interacting vacuum. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 2:18PM - 2:30PM |
Y10.00005: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 2:30PM - 2:42PM |
Y10.00006: Derivation of the singlet/doublet structure of the chiral electroweak fields. Gene McClellan In the Standard Model of particle physics, the neutrino field and the left chiral component of the electron field compose a doublet related by an SU(2) transformation. The right chiral component of the electron field is a singlet with no counterpart neutrino field. This chiral asymmetry, fully supported by experiment, is an assumed rather than a derived feature of the Standard Model. We show a derivation of this asymmetry using straightforward techniques of Clifford algebra in an inertial laboratory frame having one temporal and four spatial dimensions. A parallel result is derived for the relationship between antineutrino and positron fields. These derivations hinge on representations of SU(2) in vector algebra. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 2:42PM - 2:54PM |
Y10.00007: Composite reinforced metallic cylinder for? high-speed rotation. Dr. Sahadev Pradhan The objective of the present study is to design and development of the composite reinforced thin metallic cylinder to increase the peripheral speed significantly and thereby? improve the separation performance in a centrifugal gas separation processes through? proper optimization of the internal parameters. According to Dirac equation (Cohen? (1951)), the maximum separative work for a centrifugal gas separation process increase? with 4th power of the peripheral speed. Therefore, it has been intended to reinforce the? metallic cylinder with composites (carbon fibers: T-700 and T- 1000 grade with suitable? epoxy resin) to increase the stiffness and hoop stress so that the peripheral speed can? be increased significantly, and thereby enhance the separative output. Here, we have developed the mathematical model to investigate the elastic stresses of? a laminated cylinder subjected to mechanical, thermal and thermo-mechanical loading.? A detailed analysis is carried out to underline the basic hypothesis of each formulation.? Further, we evaluate the steady state creep response of the rotating cylinder and analyze? the stresses and strain rates in the cylinder. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 2:54PM - 3:06PM |
Y10.00008: Time as a dynamical variable Christopher Thron Since the time of Galileo, the equations of physics have expressed dynamical variables such as particle position or electromagnetic field strength as functions of time. In this paper, we argue that this assumption reflects observational bias, and that there are many good reasons for viewing time also as a dynamical variable. We hypothesize that the spacetime universe is an outcome of a process, rather than a process unfolding in time. This new viewpoint gives rise to a physical interpretation of the wavefunction as a complex vibrational amplitude in a non-spacetime independent variable. It resolves quantum mechanical paradoxes involving wavefunction entanglement, and gives a much simpler solution to the problem of wavefunction collapse than the many-worlds interpretation. The Born rule is also shown to be a natural consequence. We also show that small deviations from conventional quantum probabilities are predicted. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
Y10.00009: Field Theory of Fundamental Interactions Shouhong Wang, Tian Ma First, we present two basic principles, the principle of interaction dynamics (PID) and the principle of representation invariance (PRI). Intuitively, PID takes the variation of the action under energy-momentum conservation constraint. We show that the PID is the requirement of the presence of dark matter and dark energy, the Higgs field and the quark confinement. PRI requires that the SU(N) gauge theory be independent of representations of SU(N). It is clear that PRI is the logic requirement of any gauge theory. With PRI, we demonstrate that the coupling constants for the strong and the weak interactions are the main sources of these two interactions, reminiscent of the electric charge. Second, we emphasize that symmetry principles--the principle of general relativity and the principle of Lorentz invariance and gauge invariance--together with the simplicity of laws of nature, dictate the actions for the four fundamental interactions. Finally, we show that the PID and the PRI, together with the symmetry principles give rise to a unified field model for the fundamental interactions, which is consistent with current experimental observations and offers some new physical predictions. [Preview Abstract] |
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