Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Joint Spring 2016 Meeting of the Texas Sections of APS, AAPT, and Zone 13 of the SPS
Volume 61, Number 3
Thursday–Saturday, March 31–April 2 2016; Beaumont, Texas
Session P1: Poster Session (AAPT, SPS, APS) |
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Chair: Ming Lou, Lamar University Room: Ballroom |
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P1.00001: Teaching physics with Learning Assistants: Impacts on student outcomes Aaron Collins, Jessica Conn, Joseph Hook, David Donnelly, Eleanor Close The Texas State University physics department has implemented reformed instructional methods in all sections of our calculus-based introductory sequence, introducing a Learning Assistant (LA) program in 2012 and re-structuring our use of lecture time to include LA-supported small group work with research-based curriculum materials. In this presentation we examine changes in student outcomes in introductory mechanics over the past five years, in particular conceptual understanding as measured by the Force Concept Inventory (FCI), and student success as represented by DWF rates. Overall during this time, student gains on the FCI have more than doubled, and DFW rates have been cut in half. These data are complicated by other changes taking place over the same time span, including faculty turnover and explosive growth of majors in the new Ingram School of Engineering. We will examine changes in the student population over time as well as relationships between student learning gains, student major, and instructors' level of experience with reformed teaching. In researching this subject matter, we hope to further the Texas physics community's understanding of the possibilities of reformed teaching techniques for improving student learning and success in introductory courses. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00002: Assessing Knowledge Gain for General Physics Courses Anthony Cooper \documentclass{article} \begin{document} \newline In fall 2014, the Department of Physics and Astronomy at TAMU introduced important changes in the general physics courses that are taken mostly by freshmen engineering majors. The impact of these changes is assessed by several tools, including the widely-used Force Concept Inventory (FCI) that is testing Newtonian thinking. The FCI can diagnose the students at the beginning of their Calculus-based Mechanics course, and can identify the concepts the students did or did not learn before the final exam of that course. We have isolated subsets of items from the FCI and calibrated them invariantly on the target population. If the invariance of this calibration across semesters is confirmed, this item scale can be established as a reference for learning gain measurement in any Mechanics course. The reference scale would allow objective comparison across semesters and rapid adaptation of the teaching based on the needs of the students. The results reported here refer to the population of the summer 2015 semester. \end{document} [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00003: Service Learning in a Physical Science Program: Implementation of a Water Filtration System and Relevant K-12 Energy-themed Pedagogic Material in a Post-Conflict Community Juan Blandon, Jaime Velez, Boris Rodriguez We present a project with undergraduate physical science, physics, and engineering students to design and build a water treatment system and create corresponding pedagogic material to be used in a Study Abroad Program that engages post-conflict, under-served communities in Medellin, Colombia. Under the concept of a ``physical science ambassador,'' students are working to implement a three-stage system to coagulate, filter and disinfect water from a flowing stream. The aim is to teach area K-12 students and teachers how to provide potable water, and to use the project as a bridge to foster dialogue amongst community groups. Students will investigate electro-flocculation, multi-layer media filtration, RO, 3-D printed filter parts, a water pump, a power generator, UVC light, bleaching, and ozone generation. The pedagogic material will focus on K-12 students, and will implement the 5-E approach to help certify area high school physics teachers. For K-6, emphasis will be placed on conceptual understanding and original scientific thinking using the 5-E approach. Study abroad students will be tested and surveyed on ability to apply classroom lessons to ``real life'' problems, and appreciation of science. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00004: Investigating Dwarf Spiral Galaxies Sachithra Weerasooriya, Jacqueline Dunn Several studies have proposed that dwarf elliptical / spheroidal galaxies form through the transformation of dwarf irregular galaxies. Early and late type dwarfs resemble each other in terms of their observed colors and light distributions (each can often be represented by exponential disks), providing reason to propose an evolutionary link between the two types. The existence of dwarf spirals has been largely debated. However, more and more recent studies are using the designation of dwarf spiral to describe their targets of interest. This project seeks to explore where dwarf spirals fit into the above mentioned evolutionary sequence, if at all. Optical colors will be compared between a sample of dwarf irregular, dwarf elliptical, and dwarf spiral galaxies. The dwarf irregular and dwarf elliptical samples have previously been found to overlap in both color and surface brightness profiles shape when limiting the samples to their fainter members. A preliminary comparison including the dwarf spiral sample will be presented here. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00005: Effect of Flow on Plasma Instabilities Gabriela Vasquez, Sudip Sen We report here the results of study of the effect of inhomogeneous flow on drift waves. The results show that the curved flow can stabilize the modes and this might have important consequences in fusion and space plasma instabilities. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00006: Synthesis of BaMo$_{\mathrm{3}}$ from Colloidal MoS$_{\mathrm{2}}$ Andres de la Garza, Benjamin Martin MoS$_{\mathrm{2}}$ is typically considered to be a highly stable structure, but we have found that it spontaneously reacts with aqueous solutions containing Ba$^{\mathrm{2+}}$ to generate BaMoO$_{\mathrm{4}}$. This reaction occurs rapidly when the MoS$_{\mathrm{2}}$ is first exfoliated into nanoparticulate plates. In this study we investigate the oxidizing agent in this reaction, the fate of sulfur, and how the pH of the solution affects the production of BaMoO$_{\mathrm{4}}$. The reaction was found to be most efficient at high pH indicating that hydroxide may be involved in the mechanism. Inert atmosphere conditions and non-oxidizing anions were used to determine that water is the oxidizing agent. H$_{\mathrm{2}}$S was found in the product using GC-MS, implying that sulfur leaves as S$^{\mathrm{2-}}$. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00007: Effect of Temperature and Particle Size On the Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Two-dimensional V$_{\mathrm{2}}$O$_{\mathrm{5\thinspace }}$Nanosheets. Campbell Saint-Vincent, Carol Ly, Randall Archer, Ryan McFeron, Christopher Rhodes Atomically thin two-dimensional nano materials exhibit unique features for charge storage including ultra high accessible surface area and the ability to better accommodate structural changes than bulk material. These two-dimensional materials potentially can provide charge storage with enhanced reversibility, capacity, rates and cycling. Analysis of the size and heat treatment of hydrated two-dimensional vanadium pentoxide (V$_{\mathrm{2}}$O$_{\mathrm{5}}$\textbullet nH$_{\mathrm{2}}$O) was done to determine the effect on the electrochemical properties of the material. Characterization of V$_{\mathrm{2}}$O$_{\mathrm{5}}$\textbullet nH$_{\mathrm{2}}$O was done via x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Initial results of the electrochemistry suggest smaller two-dimensional particle size indicates better electrochemical performance. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00008: A Study on the Role of Art Therapy and Neuroimaging in Treatment of Alzheimer Suh Yeon Won, Richard Kyung In recent years, the importance of art therapy has been increasing, and neuroscientists began to study to figure out how art therapy, or neuroaesthetics works. Through neuroscience, researchers are attempting to find specific areas of the brain or activity patterns that may be caused exclusively by art-making. Using tools such as functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI), that shows different activated areas and functions of the brain, studies were conducted by observing the brain activity that goes on while either creating artworks, or while viewing art. Case study examples involved in expressing and reflecting art, and activating different areas and functions of the brain are illustrated for the two different groups in art therapy; active visual art production group and art evaluation group. In this research, computational histogram analysis was carried out for the two groups of images obtained by fMRI. The study of Alzheimer’s disease was incorporated along with the study of art therapy in this paper, because studies have uncovered that artistic skills help patients suffering from Alzheimer’s to communicate and express themselves. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00009: The Elasticity Response to Substrate Stiffness in Cancer Cells Nicolas Nikoloutsos, Ian Lian, Ching-Hwa Kiang, Raymond Fang, Gabriel Graham, Kevin Jiang, Jingqiang Li, Sithara Wijeratne We measured the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness on cancer cell behavior with a silicone-based substrate platform that mimics relevant physiological tissue stiffness ranges. Cell lines grown on this platform exhibit drastically different morphologies depending upon the microenvironment stiffness. In order to study the effect of substrate stiffness on cellular membrane tension, the forces from extracted membrane tethers were quantified using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Based on the results obtained from HeLa, EKVX, and MDA-MB-453 cell lines, an increase in the membrane tether forces was observed as the substrate stiffness increased, suggesting the differences in morphological outcomes are a result of changes in membrane elasticity. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00010: CUDA\textsuperscript{\textregistered} Simulations of Granular Flow Matthew Aaron, Martin Melhus \emph{We have written CUDA\textsuperscript{\textregistered} code to perform granular simulations on GPUs. Normal interactions are modeled by a spring-dashpot model using a Gear's 5th order predictor-corrector scheme, while the tangential interactions are modeled by a new surface velocity difference scheme. Boundaries are created by using additional particles with constrained positions and velocities. Initial results show qualatative behavior expected from bulk particles.} [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00011: Simulated Laboratories - Vpython Zakary Noel With the ever-expanding scope of technology in the physics classroom, simple programming tools such as Vpython are becoming more relevant to STEM students who benefit from the introduction of computational modeling in their learning curriculum. By becoming immersed in a fairly easy to learn coding language, students are able to visualize and simulate three-dimensional laboratory environments by combining their knowledge of the mathematical and conceptual principles of a given system. Working with vectors and 3D space allows students to better understand how a system works, and in addition allows them to draw conclusions about how the math connects with the overall behavior of the system. However, besides representing simple forces and interactions, Vpython can also be used to describe wave phenomena, illustrate derived behaviors, and model subjects such as special relativity. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00012: Dependence of thick-target bremsstrahlung produced by monoenergetic low-energy electrons on the atomic number of the target Sean Czarnecki, Ashton Short, Scott Williams The dependence of bremsstrahlung emitted by monoenergetic incident electrons of low energy (4.25 keV and 5.00 keV) on the atomic number of thick aluminum, copper, silver, tungsten, and gold targets has been investigated experimentally. The data suggest that the intensity of the thick-target bremsstrahlung emitted is more strongly dependent on the atomic number of the target material for photons with energies approximately equal to the incident electron energy than for photons of lower energies. The data also suggest that the dependence of thick-target bremsstrahlung on the atomic number of the target material is stronger for incident electrons of higher energies than for incident electrons of lower energies. The results of these experiments are compared to the results of simulations performed using the PENELOPE program, which is commonly used in medical physics, and also to the results of thin-target bremsstrahlung theory. Comparisons suggest that the experimental dependence of thick-target bremsstrahlung on the atomic number of the target material may be slightly stronger than the results of the PENELOPE code suggest. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00013: Fourier ptychographic microscopy using a computer-controlled hemispherical digital condenser Meznh Alsubaie, Sanchari Sen, Darshan Desai, Ayrton Bernussi, Luis Grave de Peralta A computer-controlled hemispherical digital condenser is used in combination with an optical microscope for implementing Fourier plane imaging (FPIM) and Fourier ptychographic (FPM) microscopy techniques. Notable improvement in image resolution was obtained. We discuss some limitations of FPM, the relationship between FPM and FPIM, and the advantages and disadvantages of these two optical microscopy techniques. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00014: Manipulation of the spontaneous emission of atoms trapped in a harmonic trap Alexander Andkerson, Yuri Rostovtsev We consider an atom trapped in a harmonic trap. The evolution of excited atomic states is theoretically studied under adiabatic approximation. The emission spectra for trapped atoms are calculated. We have shown interference effects as well as trapping effect in a trap that has a size larger than the wavelength of radiation. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00015: Measurement of the velocity of a quantum object: a role of phase and group velocities Mikaila Lapinski, Yuri Rostovtsev We consider a free motion of a quantum particle. Introducing an explicit measurement procedure for velocity, we demonstrate that the measured velocity is related to the group and phase velocities of the corresponding matter waves. We have obtained the dispersion relations for a particle using the Schrodinger equation (for non relativistic motion) and Dirac equation (for relativistic motion), and We show that for long distances the measured velocity coincides with the matter wave group velocity. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00016: Experimental determination of the relationship between electron time of flight and energy for the UTA Time of Flight Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectrometer K. Imam, V. Chirayath, R. Gladen, A. Mcdonald, M. Chrysler, A. Koymen, A. Weiss In Positron Annihilation induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES), a sample is irradiated using low energy positrons. Chemical information about the surface is obtained through the analysis of the energy of electrons emitted from the surface as a result of the annihilation of positrons bound in a surface state. In the UTA Time of Flight (TOF) PAES system, the energy of the electrons is determined from the TOF obtained by measuring the time between pulses generated by the detection of the 511 keV annihilation gamma and the detection of the positron induced electron after traversing a \textasciitilde 1 m flight path. In this study, histograms of the TOF distributions of positron-impact-induced secondary electrons leaving the sample for a series of sample biases, V$_{\mathrm{s}}$, (- 0.5V to -900V), were obtained using a time-to-amplitude converter and a multichannel analyzer. The distributions were analyzed to determine the (cutoff) channel corresponding to the TOF of the lowest energy electrons leaving the sample which were assumed to enter the TOF spectrometer with an energy (eV) given by (-e)V$_{\mathrm{s}}$. An analytic functional form was obtained from a fit of Cutoff-channel vs. sample bias data which was used to convert the TOF data into energy spectra for identifying the energy of electrons in PAES spectra. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00017: Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide under Oxidative and Thermal Treatment Md. Tanvir Hasan, Bryan Senger, Price Mulford, Anton Naumov Graphene possesses a number of advantageous properties, however does not exhibit optical emission, which limits its use in optoelectronics applications. Unlike graphene, its functional derivative: graphene oxide (GO) exhibits active optical response. Influence of oxidative and thermal treatment on GO optical properties was observed. Oxidative ozone treatment of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) produced the change in color and absorption spectra of samples, indicative of transforming RGO into GO. Upon ozone treatment a broad fluorescence spectrum was observed in the visible previously not detected for RGO. Fluorescence signal measured continuously for the sample ozone-treated inside the spectrometer showed gradual increase with processing time.~ Temperature treatment of GO up to 95\textordmasculine C has shown reversal of optical signatures induced by ozonation, including fluorescence quenching and darkening of the sample. These optical changes help elucidate electronic origins of emission in graphene oxide. Theoretical modeling of GO based on our experimental data showed localization of the electronic density in the graphitic regions surrounded by functional groups, that may act as origins for emission. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00018: EEG-base study of driver's cognitive response in virtual traffic light environment via parametric spectral analysis in term of event related potential (ERP) MD RESHAD UL HOQUE, Gleb Tcheslavski Traffic accidents due to the lack of concentrations during traffic light changes are common and may lead to fatalities. Studies of driver's cognitive response to traffic light may be important to mitigate such road accidents. The present report discusses the analysis of Electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded in the virtual traffic light environment. After preprocessing, event related potentials (ERPs) are evaluated for the red, green, and yellow traffic light stimuli. ERPs are analyzed via parametric spectrum analysis (Burg method and modified covariance method) and the corresponding features are calculated. Our results indicate that drivers may respond differently to different traffic lights suggesting that an EEG-based detection of traffic light may be possible. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00019: Dependence of Ionospheric Flows on Solar Wind Mach Number Kathleen Brackney, Walter Slaven, Kevin Pham, Ramon Lopez The Sun emits the solar wind, which carries a part of the Sun's magnetic field into interplanetary space. As this interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) travels to Earth, it interacts with Earth's magnetic field. In this study, we are looking for events that have a steady southward component of the IMF. We separate the events into two categories, high mach and low mach numbers. Mach number corresponds to the density. High mach numbers relate to high density and low mach numbers to low density. Then we look at corresponding ionospheric flows measured by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). We will determine if there are any dependence between ionospheric flows on the solar wind mach number. We will present any differences found between the ionospheric flows under these conditions. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00020: Investigation of Factors That Influence a Student's Performance in an Introductory Physics Course Colbey Hair, Amanda Horton, Michael Greene, Ramon Lopez We are investigating a variety of factors related to student performance in a calculus-based introductory physics course. These factors include cognitive ability (mental rotation and scientific reasoning ability), academic acumen (grades in previous courses, high school performance), affective factors (perception of physics ability), and nonacademic factors (free time, commuting time, amount of sleep, etc.). The overall performance is represented by the final grade in the class. We will also include one factor that should have no effect on performance (length of hair) as a control. We will use traditional correlation methods to investigate the effects of these factors on the student's final grade. Initial results show a positive correlation between the reported amount of sleep per night and the overall performance, and a negative correlation between the length of commute and overall performance. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00021: How Taking A Calculus-Based Introductory Physics Course Can Affect Students' Self-Efficacy With Regard To Physics Amanda Horton, Colbey Hair, Michael Greene, Ramon Lopez We are investigating how participating in a calculus-based physics course can affect students' self-efficacy with regard to physics and its applications. Data was collected by means of a survey taken near the end of the course, using Likert-type statements to determine attitudes from before and after taking the course. Students' responses are compared and correlated with various performance metrics, including academic background (high school performance, prior college courses, GPA, standardized tests), cognitive ability (mental rotation, scientific reasoning), nonacademic factors (length of commute, time slept per night, etc.), and final grade in the course. Preliminary results indicate that students who made a final grade of B or better have a greater increase in confidence than students who performed poorly (final grade lower than a B). [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00022: Effect of ion size and charge on carbon based electrodes. Juan Icaza, ramesh guduru Electrochemical supercapacitors are one of the most reliable power sources with high power density. Among various types, activated carbon based supercapacitors store the charge through formation of double layer of ions at the electrode and electrolyte interfaces. However, the extent of double layer formation and thereby the total charge stored in these capacitors is quite dependent on the ion size as well as charge of the ions. In this research, we investigated the effect of ion size and the ion charge on the capacitance of activated carbon based supercapacitors in two electrode configuration. We employed a commercial microporous activated carbon (pore size \textless 2 nm, area \textgreater 1000 m$^{\mathrm{2}}$/g) cloth for these investigations, and the electrolytes were LiNO$_{\mathrm{3}}$, Mg(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{2}}$ and Al(NO3)3.$_{\mathrm{\thinspace }}$ We conducted impedance and cyclic voltammetry measurements. The capacitance values decreased in the following order 1m Mg(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{2}}$\textgreater 1/3m Al(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{3}}$ \textasciitilde 1m Al(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{3}}$\textgreater 0.5m Mg(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{2}}$ \textasciitilde 1m LiNO$_{\mathrm{3.\thinspace }}$The electrolyte solution with Mg(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{2}}$ showed the largest capacitance of 240 F/g, while Al(NO$_{\mathrm{3}})_{\mathrm{3}}$ showed 140 F/g and scan rate employed was 2 mV/s, and further in-depth analysis on ion size and charge effects will be conducted with respect to the type of the electrolytes used and presented. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00023: Vibrational and Thermal Properties of Ammonia Borane supported on Polyacrylamide: Composites and Electrospun Fibers Radhika Gangineni, Lauren Ware, Suying Wei, Ozge Gunaydin-Sen We investigated the phase transition and decomposition properties of Ammonia Borane (NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}})$ blended with polyacrylamide (M$_{\mathrm{n}}$\textasciitilde 150,000) which is a potential hydrogen storage system. The heat capacity measurements over a temperature range of 180--300 K exhibited an anomaly at around \textasciitilde 223 K, indicating a first-order structural phase transition. The transition enthalphy and entropy showed a decrease by increasing the polymer content in the composites and the phase transition was supressed in the fibers. Those changes could be due to the interaction between polyacrylamide and NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}}$ after blending. The supression of the phase transition in the fibers could be attributed to the possible changes in bonding and disturbance in dihydrogen bonding network of NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}}$. Our deyhdrogenation studies between 300-570 K revealed enhanced kinetics. Activation energies were calculated quantitatively and showed a significant decrease after mixing with the polymer, specifically for the electrospun fibers E$_{\mathrm{a}}$ dropped from about 140 kJ/mol to 67 kJ/mol. The improved kinetics was also supported by infrared measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00024: Study of Ammonia Borane -- Polyvinylpyrrolidone Hydrogen Storage Composite Materials Sahithya Pati, Ozge Gunaydin-Sen Ammonia borane (NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}})$, a potential hydrogen storage system, reveals a structural phase transition around \textasciitilde 223 K. The transition mechanism was studied by heat capacity measurements, clearly indicating a first-order transition. When blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) the transition quantitates (i.e enthalpy and entropy) exhibited a decrease by increasing the polymer content but still showed the solid-solid phase transition. The decomposition properties of the composites were also conducted via differential scanning calorimeter at high temperatures (300-570 K) to investigate the dehyrogenation kinetics. Various heating rates were used and the activation energies were calculated. The activation energies of the composites were found to be lower than the bulk NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}}$. The decrease in the temperature for the release of hydrogen revealed for the composites indicated the enhanced kinetics. All of these changes could be due to the interaction between PVP and NH$_{\mathrm{3}}$BH$_{\mathrm{3}}$ after blending which is also supported by the infrared studies. It also explains the hydrogen release pattern during decomposition at higher temperatures ranging from 350-450 K. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00025: MRI Image Sampling and Reconstruction of a Brain with Alzheimer's Disease Heejae Chung, Richard Kyung When the domain of the square function increased, more data in the K-space were captured, resulting in images of higher resolution. When the domain of square function decreased, less data in the K-space were captured, resulting in lower resolution. In addition to the observation of the consequential resolution of the images produced, when a wide square function was used, a narrow Sinc function formed as a result. When a narrow square function was used, a wide Sinc function formed. However, Ringing Artifact existed in every resulting image using a square function as a LPF. In this research, computational approach to enhance the quality of the image was carried out for the analysis of various cases. Also, removal of ringing artifact in the magnetic resonance image using Fourier transform and mathematical morphology was presented. To improve the resolution of the brain with Alzheimer’s Disease from low contrast MRI films, high pass filter and redesigned filter were used, achieving a good tradeoff between the code running time and resolution of the MRI image of the Alzheimer’s Disease. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00026: Modes of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Optical Transmission through Single and Multiple Layered Arrays Richard Kyung, Heekyoung Woo Metamaterials are artificially created combinations of two different media, which normally consist of a metal and a dielectric. The setup of the metamaterials consisted of four major parts, which included air, metal oxide, metal, and prism. The purpose of this research is to find an example of a metamaterial in which the surface plasmon polaritons(SPP) will occur when a beam of light is entered at a certain angle, through the use of computer programs such as COMSOL and Matlab. In this paper, modes of surface plasmon polaritons have been observed and demonstrated. Using the computer programs, metamaterials with specific dimensions and indices of refractions have been constructed, then simulated photons passing through it. In order to find the accurate incident angle and the effective index, the point at which the reflectivity (the y-axis) reaches zero has been found. This suggests that the light hasn’t been reflected; instead, it is now traveling directly parallel to the media inside. The approximate incident angle for a given sample(silver+dielectric) and the effective index are found in this paper. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00027: ATE Workshops for Physics Faculty Abstract APS The ATE Workshop for Physics Faculty project is into its final year and has finished its 23rd workshop/conference. In this poster, we will display information about the 15 workshops that were held since the first one, conducted in 2011. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00028: Introductory Physics Laboratory Writing Conferences Tom O'Kuma The Introductory Physics Laboratory Writing Conferences (IPLWC) is one of the two major components of the ATE Workshop for Physics Faculty project. Since 2011, nine IPLWCs conferences were conducted. The invited participants to the IPLWCs were experienced twoyear college and high school physics faculty. Some of the IPLWCs were dedicated to types of laboratory activities, such as computational activities, conceptual activities, video activities, and others. Many of the developed activities were tested (and later modified) at the institutions of the IPLWC participants that developed them. In this poster, we will display information about the IPLWCs and some of the developed activities. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00029: Physical Properties of Enzymatically Stabilized Dredged Material Saeed Rabbanifara, T. Thuy-Minh Nguyenb, Qin Qiana, Paul Bernazzanib, Mien Jao The constant process of river-way sediment removal leads to an accumulation of dredge material in landfills. This poor-quality soil has no real application. However, improvement of physical properties and stabilization of dredged material makes it possible to efficiently use the soil in a variety of applications. The purpose of this research is to investigate improvements in the physical properties including load bearing capacity of dredge soil through the environmentally friendly addition of enzymes. Once added the enzymes are thought to alter the crystal structure of the clay particles resulting in a modification of the surface charge distribution. The enzymes later biodegrade leaving a fine particle material with improved mechanical properties that is more structurally reliable. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00030: Nanoparticles Enhance the Formation of 3D Crystals in Thin Polyethylene Films Blessy Kumpati |
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P1.00031: Optimal Proportioning, Tempering, and Testing of Adobe Brick, Compressed Stabilized Earthen Block, and Rammed Earth for Low-Cost, Sustainable Construction: A Literature Review LaDonna M. Waters, M. Waters, Mien Jao Soil bricks have been used for building and construction for thousands of years. They are environmental friendly and 20 - 30% more energy efficient in heating and cooling as building material than concrete blocks or regular bricks that are cured in an energy consuming kiln. The energy saving is due to the presence of the adsorbed water within the clay minerals of the soil bricks that will increase the latent heat production. The research goal is to develop a next generation masonry construction bricks utilizing advanced materials (polymers and nanotubes) that are energy efficient, have low cost of production and are more environmentally sustainable than traditional soil bricks. As a step toward the ultimate research goal, this study investigates different types of soil brick construction, and examines the optimal proportions of clay, sand, and tempering material that results in the highest strength for each type. The brick types examined are adobe, compressed stabilized earthen block (CSEB), and rammed earth. Natural and synthetic tempering materials are compared, and optimal dimensions of temper material are examined. Preferred testing methods to determine compressive strength and optimum moisture content are also investigated in this study. Based on the results of the study, types of stabilization agent, percentage of sand, silt, and clay content, dimensions of fibers, and testing method for strength and durability are recommended to obtain the optimum results for future study. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00032: Towards Clean Water Combining Multiple Filtration and Disinfection Techniques Rafael Sanchez, Tony Roy, Juan Blandon, Jaime Robinson, Matthew Smith, Deyton Riddle, Alyssa Davenport-Herbst, Daniel Anable We are working on a research project in which we are designing and building a water treatment system for an under-privileged community in Colombia. Our plan is to implement a 2-stage system in which we will filter and disinfect water from a flowing stream to provide safe water for people in this community for everyday use. Right now, our plan involves introducing bleach into the water, using a multi-layer filtration system, which includes using sand-like media of various sizes to filter the water, reverse osmosis, and a UV source with a proper setup to disinfect it. We will also be creating a generator specifically for this stream in which we will use the flow of the water from the stream to produce our own source of electrical energy in order to provide power to our UV setup. We will be using 3-D printing techniques to produce parts for this system. We will construct a sensor that will focus on testing the turbidity levels of the water. In addition, we will also create teaching modules for grade school kids as well as do some K-12 educational work with electro-flocculation along with elequa.io from San Antonio, TX. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00033: Modification of the Planck-Einstein Equation and de Broglie Wavelength Relations by Adding Derivations of Flow of Time (Relative Time) With Respect to the Both Space and Time Based on the "Substantial Motion" Theory of Iranian Philosopher; Sadra. Hassan Gholibeigian, Kazem Gholibeigian Two different natures of space and time work together and form the all sorts of motions in the universe. "The nature has two magnitudes and two elongations, one is gradual being (wavy-like motion) which belongs to the time and dividable to the former and the next times in mind, and the other one is jerky-like motion which belongs to the space and dividable to the former and the next places " [Asfar, Sadra, (1571/2-1640)]. Sadra separated two natures of the space and time. So, in this definition, the nature of time might be wavy-like and the nature of space might be jerky-like. These two natures can be matched on particle -wave duality. Therefore, for getting more precise of results we should account effect of variations of time's flow with respect to space-time in our calculations. Here, we propose two terms of derivations of relative time's function to add to the generalized Planck-Einstein equation by de Broglie: \begin{figure}[htbp] \centerline{\includegraphics[width=1.60in,height=0.33in]{230220161.eps}} \label{fig1} \end{figure} where \textbf{\textit{P}} is four-momentum, \begin{figure}[htbp] \centerline{\includegraphics[width=0.13in,height=0.19in]{230220162.eps}} \label{fig2} \end{figure} is Planck time, $h $is Planck constant, \begin{figure}[htbp] \centerline{\includegraphics[width=1.42in,height=0.19in]{230220163.eps}} \label{fig3} \end{figure} is flow of time, \textbf{\textit{K}} is four wave-vector, \textbf{\textit{I }}is information, $m $is particle's mass, $v $ is particle's speed and $n $ is natural numbers. [Preview Abstract] |
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P1.00034: Recurring Substructures from the Weakness of Gravity to Massive Particles and Heavy Nuclei Rob Allen Recurring Substructures are repeatedly implied by equations that calculate force ratios, particle masses, and other physical constants. On larger scales, there is evidence that mass comes from interactions with Higgs fields and particles. Identified repeating substructures at the Higgs scale were encountered. Those structures were not unexpected because the Higgs is between a few of the equation substructures for the Planck Mass and far less massive scales. On the smaller energy scales in this abstract, particles with masses are created when light splits apart and collapses. Logrithmic functions collapse the light velocities. Exponentials then accumulate and greatly increase the numbers of split quantas to make particles with masses often based on 17, 16, and 6. PI operations imply circling of split quantas into clusters and the powers of PI may indicate nested repeating cycles within cycles. For example, five PI cycles times a structural multiplier of 6 produces the number of electron masses in protons. Many other particle masses can be derived from PI to the fifth power as a starting point. The author has calculated a great many particle masses and physical constants that will require publishing a series of papers. [Preview Abstract] |
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