Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Joint Fall 2021 Meeting of the Texas Sections of APS, AAPT, and SPS
Volume 66, Number 10
Thursday–Saturday, October 21–23, 2021; Houston; Central Time
Session M01: Biological Physics and Medical Physics II |
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Chair: Samina Masood, UHCL Room: STEM 2105 |
Friday, October 22, 2021 2:00PM - 2:36PM |
M01.00001: Evaluation of the Feasibility of Phosphorene for Electronic DNA Sequencing Using DFT Calculations Benjamin Tayo, Sanjiv Jha Electronic DNA sequencing using two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene has recently emerged as the next-generation of DNA sequencing technology. Owing to its commercial availability and remarkable physical and conductive properties, graphene has been widely investigated for DNA sequencing by several theoretical and experimental groups. However, due to the hydrophobic nature of graphene, DNA bases to stick to its surface via strong pi$-$pi interactions, reducing translocation speed and increasing error rates. To circumvent this challenge, the scientific community has turned its attention to other 2D materials beyond graphene. One such material is phosphorene. We performed first-principle computational studies using density functional theory (DFT) to evaluate the ability of phosphorene to distinguish individual DNA bases using two detection principles, namely, nanopore and nanoribbon modalities. We observe that binding energies of DNA bases are lower in phosphorene compared to graphene. The energy gap modulations due to interaction with DNA bases are very significant in phosphorene compared to graphene. Our studies show that phosphorene is superior to graphene, and hence a promising alternative for electronic DNA sequencing. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
M01.00002: Data Analysis of Mask Effectiveness Against Atomized Particles with Python Detection Code Eric Garcia The viral outbreak of the Virus Covid-19 took the world by surprise as no country, whether third nor first world, could keep up with the virus's rampant spread. Deployed by the Center of Disease Control (CDC), as well as other advanced countries in the world, masks were the beginning of the fight against Covid-19 before the access of vaccinations and a hope of herd immunity. In this experiment, a linear actuator was used to force a syringe filled with fluorescent fluid through an atomizer in order to test mask efficiency in a controlled environment to minimize unpredictable variables. Python code derived from an OpenCV procedure that can measure with correct dimensions and calculate accurate areas was used to find an exact quantifiable amount of atomized particles that have gotten past the CDC approved masks. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
M01.00003: Probing aspartate metabolism in lymphoblastic lymphoma T-cells using nuclear magnetic resonance Caroline Crocker, Fatemeh Khashami, Lloyd Lumata Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, and while survival rates are steadily improving, there is currently no cure. In order to better understand leukemia, it is crucial to investigate the nutrients that feed though its rapid cellular proliferation. In order to elucidate this, 13C-aspartic acid, which feeds through the crucial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, was added to the media in separate flasks containing cultured SUP-T1 lymphoblastic T-cells and then harvested at intervals of 1 hour and 48 hours. The cells were processed by perchloric acid extraction method, lyophilized, and then resuspended in deuterium oxide for carbon-13 NMR analyses. Both cell and media extracts were analyzed to investigate the intracellular and extracellular metabolite production from aspartate, respectively. Our preliminary results indicate the detection of the TCA cycle metabolites malate and isocitrate. These preliminary NMR data and other relevant results will be presented in this talk.~This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
M01.00004: NMR Spectroscopic Investigation of the Effect of Lithium on Neuroblastoma Metabolism Cody Larsen, Lloyd Lumata, Asiye Asaadzade Neuroblastoma is a cancer typically found in the adrenal glands that impacts early nerve cells with a majority of cases occurring in children and infants. Previous work has shown that lithium has been utilized with other neurological ailments to block phosphofructokinase pathways in glycolysis. This work seeks to investigate the impact that lithium has upon the metabolic pathways of neuroblastoma, specifically in regard to lithium's influence on lactate production via glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway. Preliminary results on the metabolic effects of lithium on [U-$^{\mathrm{13}}$C]D-glucose will be discussed along with other supporting data. This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
M01.00005: The effects of oxygen levels on cancer cell metabolism Daniel Anable, Lloyd Lumata Hypoxia is a physiological condition that is detrimental to normal cells in which there is a lack of oxygen. Cancer cells however thrive even under hypoxic conditions. In this study, we have investigated the effects of total hypoxia (0{\%} O2) and partial hypoxia (5{\%} O2) vis-\`{a}-vis normoxia (20{\%} O$_{\mathrm{2}}$, normal oxygen conditions) on the metabolism of glucose in colo-205 colorectal cancer cells in vitro. In preliminary trials with two modular hypoxia chambers gassed with pure nitrogen gas and a 5{\%} O2, 6{\%} CO2, rest nitrogen mixed gas, we found a significant increase in lactate production at total hypoxia and a near negligible change at partial hypoxia. After 24 hours, the total hypoxia cells have nearly consumed all glucose and by 48 hours in the incubator, all glucose has been consumed which led to significant and consistent cell death, while the other two have an equivalent consumption rate. These preliminary NMR results will be discussed together with other supporting data. This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
M01.00006: Metabolic effects of the glucose analog 2-deoxy-glucose in cultured cancer cells probed by NMR spectroscopy Asiye Asaadzade, Lloyd Lumata 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) is a glucose analogue that inhibits glycolysis and induce cell death due to formation via intracellular accumulation of 2-deoxy-d-glucose-6-phosphate (2-DG6P) and inhibition of the function of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. In this work, we have investigated via carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance the effects of varying concentrations of 2DG on [U-$^{\mathrm{13}}$C] D-glucose metabolism in a variety of cultured cancer cells including renal cell carcinoma (Caki-1, A498, and 786-O), breast cancer (MCF-7), and glioblastoma (SfXL cells). Our results reveal that the metabolic production levels of downstream metabolites such as glutamate and acetate have been altered in addition to lactic acid production. Intra- and extra-cellular metabolic products of glucose metabolism will be discussed in light of glycolytic pathway disruption. This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
M01.00007: Probing the metabolic anomalies in the urea cycle in renal and hepatic cancer cells Asiye Asaadzade, Lloyd Lumata The urea cycle (UC) is a biochemical pathway that is crucial to the body's nitrogen regulation, and is thus essential to overall mammalian health. This specialized metabolic cycle, which primarily occurs in the liver and to a lesser extent the kidneys, is responsible for sequestering the toxic cellular waste product ammonia and convert it to less toxic urea to be excreted out of the body. In renal and hepatic cancers however, this biochemical pathway is dysregulated. In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the metabolic anomalies in the urea cycle by using $^{\mathrm{13}}$C-labeled UC metabolites. Preliminary results will be presented here in light of the health implications of the UC biochemical anomalies. This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 22, 2021 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
M01.00008: Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopic tracking of sugar metabolism in cultured SfXL glioblastoma cells over long incubation time periods Haley Sachse, Asiye Asaadzade, Lloyd Lumata Glioblastoma, the cancer of the cerebral glial cells, is an aggressive type of tumor that is known to be addicted to sugars and exhibit Warburg effect. In this study, we have investigated via carbon-13 ($^{\mathrm{13}}$C) NMR spectroscopy the long-term metabolism of sugars such as glucose in cultured SfXL glioblastoma cells over a four-day period of incubation times. To achieve this, eight flasks of glioblastoma cells were cultured, four were doped with 10mM uniformly labeled $^{\mathrm{13}}$C glucose and four were doped with 10mM unlabeled glucose. The flasks were then left to incubate for a set time period. One $^{\mathrm{13}}$C glucose vial and one unlabeled glucose vial were then harvested at 24-hours, another pair at 48-hours, another at 72-hours, and the final pair at 96-hours. Both media and cell extracts of each flask were then processed for $^{\mathrm{13}}$C NMR analyses. The NMR data showed that lactic acid increased significantly throughout the 96-hour period, and secondary metabolites such as acetate and alanine also increased. The details of the $^{\mathrm{13}}$C NMR results for glucose metabolism as well as those of fructose will be presented here. This study is supported by the Welch Foundation grant AT-1877, DOD grants W81XWH-21-1-0176 and W81XWH-19-1-0741, CPRIT grant RP180716, and the UTD CoBRA and SPIRE grants. [Preview Abstract] |
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