Thermoelectric Modeling and Effective Analysis of the Peltier Module Using Numerical and Computational Method

Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to generate a heat flux caused by temperature difference between two ceramic substrates which provide the platform for pellets. In this paper, variables such as semiconductor dimensions, material properties and initial temperatures are used as input data to find heat flux, temperature distributions, and electric properties in the thermoelectric cooling system. Computer simulations and numerical analysis are employed to find out the effect of the various factors on the electric field distribution in the Peltier system. Also, a calculator program which calculates the efficiency of the thermoelectric Peltier module that can be used in cooling systems.

As a result, electric and thermodynamic properties such as the energy flux density and temperature distribution along the semiconductor pellets as functions of time are found. The objective of this study is to understand the mechanism of the thermoelectric coolers and to formulate equations of the electric and heat flux through P-type and N-type semiconductor pellets in the thermoelectric modules. Heat transfer by conduction is applied to the partitioned and non-partitioned modules by introducing mathematical and thermodynamic modeling.