Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Joint Meeting of the Four Corners and Texas Sections of the American Physical Society
Volume 61, Number 15
Friday–Saturday, October 21–22, 2016; Las Cruces, New Mexico
Session B4: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics |
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Chair: Edwin Fohtung, New Mexico State University Room: Meeting Room 5&6 |
Friday, October 21, 2016 10:00AM - 10:24AM |
B4.00001: Interacting single atom interferometers Invited Speaker: Grant Biedermann Atom interferometer experiments have achieved exquisite levels of sophistication in both applied pursuits and fundamental studies, inspiring new experiments that further challenge these frontiers. In our previous experiments, we have developed several techniques targeting fielded atom interferometer systems. These atom interferometers, by design, operate in a regime where interatomic interactions are kept to a minimum. In contrast, by laser dressing the typically employed ground states with highly polarizable Rydberg states we can create a coherent and controllable, state-dependent entangling interaction between atoms resulting in a Jaynes-Cummings type nonlinearity in the ground state spectrum. We have used this interaction to produce entangled Bell states between two atoms with $\ge$ 81 $\pm$ 1 \% efficiency. In recent experiments, we are studying this new system using interacting single-atom interferometers. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 10:24AM - 10:48AM |
B4.00002: Sculpting pulses in space and time to control ultrafast dynamics Invited Speaker: Charles Durfee Because of the energy-time uncertainty principle, ultrashort pulses need a wide spectral bandwidth. In the near-infrared, ultrafast pulses can have bandwidths of more than 100 nanometers. But bandwidth is not enough: the actual shape of the pulse depends critically on the phase of the spectral components. Typically, ultrafast laser beams are aligned for perfect spatial registration of the spectral components. However, in recent years, our group and others have found that the spatial and temporal properties of the pulse can be controlled by carefully manipulating the directions and overlap of the spectral components (the spatial chirp). For example, the pulse can be focused simultaneously in the spatial and temporal domains, leading to extreme localization of the intensity along the direction of the beam. This has numerous applications in micromachining, microscopy, and laser surgery. We are also considering applying these techniques to generating high-order harmonic and attosecond pulses. The control of ``spatial chirp'' can also be extended to novel beam geometries, such as Bessel-Gauss and vortex beams. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
B4.00003: Finding the noise at the edge of laser injection locking. Ethan Welch, Dallin Durfee, Jarom Jackson Injection locking is a way to transfer the frequency and linewidth of a stabilized laser to a free running laser. However, the lock only works as long as the free-running wavelength of the injected laser doesn't drift too far from the wavelength of the master laser. I am searching for possible noise as the laser reaches the edge of its stable lock range. If this noise exists, then it will be possible to use a feedback controller to keep the noise at a minimum and therefore prevent loss of the injection lock. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 11:00AM - 11:12AM |
B4.00004: Influence of Ho$^{3+}$-doping on $^{13}$C dynamic nuclear polarization Andhika Kiswandhi, Peter Niedbalski, Christopher Parish, Pavanjeet Kaur, Andre Martins, Leila Fidelino, Chalermchai Khemtong, Likai Song, Alan Sherry, Lloyd Lumata We report the effects of the addition of trace Ho-DOTA on the $^{13}$C dynamic nuclear polarization and the relaxation time of [1-$^{13}$C] acetate doped with trityl OX063 free radical. Our result shows that the polarization can be improved by a factor of 2.7 fold using Ho-DOTA doping, compared to the undoped samples, similar to the effect of Gd-HP-DO3A doping. In contrast to Gd-HP-DO3A doping, the $^{13}$C relaxation rate is only minimally affected by Ho-DOTA. The W-band electron spin resonance studies revealed a considerable reduction of the electron spin-lattice relaxation time $T_1$ of trityl OX063 at low temperatures, which corresponds to the $^{13}$C polarization enhancement, in agreement with the thermodynamic picture of DNP. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 11:12AM - 11:24AM |
B4.00005: Novel Cooling Of Ultracold Atoms Using Spatially Selective Optical Pumping Jonathan Gilbert, Jacob Roberts A novel cooling technique for ultracold gases will be presented. This technique has relatively few requirements for particular properties of the ultracold gas and thus should be widely applicable. A detailed description of how the cooling technique works will be presented, along with specific predictions for the cooling of an ultracold gas of~$^{\mathrm{87}}$Rb confined in an optical trap. Cooling in a simple harmonic oscillator potential, TEM (M$^{\mathrm{2}}=$1) potential, and TEM (M$^{\mathrm{2}}$\textgreater 1) potential were numerically simulated and the results will be presented. Recent experimental efforts have focused on optimizing the cooling technique over multiple cycles of cooling. We have observed cooling of the gas by more than 20{\%}. Possibilities for improvement in the technique will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 11:24AM - 11:36AM |
B4.00006: Development of 243.1 nm Radiation Source for Laser Cooling and Performing Spectroscopic Measurements of Hydrogen Cory Rasor, Zak Burkley, Samuel Cooper, Adam Brandt, Dylan Yost Measurements of the hydrogen 1S-2S transition have resulted in precise determinations of the Rydberg constant, Lamb shift, and proton charge radius. Such measurements, in conjunction with the spectroscopy of other hydrogen transitions, can ultimately test bound-state quantum electrodynamics. Currently, it is also of great interest to measure the 1S-2S transition in anti-hydrogen, since it can now be produced and trapped in its ground state. The excitation of the 1S-2S transition – in both hydrogen and anti-hydrogen – requires highly coherent laser radiation at 243 nm and power-scaled laser sources at this wavelength would enable more versatile measurement techniques. Therefore, this talk will discuss the development of a 243 nm radiation source, which consists of an extended-cavity-laser-diode at 972 nm, followed by a tapered amplifier, a Yb-fiber amplifier, and two consecutive resonant doubling cavities yielding $\approx$600 mW of continuous-wave power. When enhanced within an optical cavity, this source may even be sufficient for two-photon laser cooling of atomic hydrogen. Such a scheme would circumvent some difficulties that arise in single photon cooling using 121.6 nm radiation. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 11:36AM - 11:48AM |
B4.00007: Two photon chirped laser cooling on 1S-2S transition of magnetically guided hydrogen Samuel Cooper, Cory Rasor, Zakary Burkley, Adam Brandt, Dylan Yost There is currently a discrepancy in the RMS proton charge radius as determined from hydrogen spectroscopy, muonic hydrogen spectroscopy, and electron-proton scattering. This calls for new measurements in hydrogen with increased precision and reduced systematics. The ultimate limitations of previous precision hydrogen spectroscopy experiments have largely been the finite temperature of the atomic sample. In this talk, I will discuss progress towards a proposed two-photon laser cooling scheme on the 1S-2S transition using a continuous wave 243.15 $nm$ radiation source and a cryogenic beam of atomic hydrogen transversely confined to a magnetic guide. Atoms prepared by this laser cooling scheme could have the longitudinal velocities reduced to $\sim$ 10 $ms^{-1}$ which would greatly reduce many of the current systematic uncertainties. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 21, 2016 11:48AM - 12:00PM |
B4.00008: Classical distributions, Wigner, and Husimi functions for the Generalized Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian~ Ty Beus The Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian (CKH) is used to study the dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator with constant frequency in classical mechanics.~CKH has been reinterpreted and studied in quantum mechanics as a harmonic oscillator with a time dependent mass parameter.~We explore the quantum dynamics of this system using the Wigner and Husimi functions. We also evolve a classical distribution in a phase diagram and show that it is equivalent to the evolution of a coherent quantum state in a Wigner function plot. [Preview Abstract] |
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